...-McDonald's sell more than 1/3 of all the French fries sold in restaurants in the U.S. each year. -McDonald's restaurants will buy 54,000,000 pounds of fresh apples this year. Two years ago, McDonald's purchased 0 pounds of apples. This is attributed to the shift to more healthy menu options. -Nearly one in eight workers in the US has at some time been employed by McDonald's. -In India the "Big Mac" is changed into the "Maharaja Mac", a mutton burger in deference to religious injunctions against the consumption of beef and pork. -Sälen in Sweden opened the first SKI-THROUGH McDonald's in the world. -More than 50,000 students from all over the world have graduated with "Bachelor of Hamburgerology" degrees from McDonald's "Hamburger University. -McDonald's three kosher restaurants in Israel are the only McDonald's in the world where you cannot buy a cheeseburger. -Sarah Michelle Gellar was sued by McDonalds at the age of four. She appeared in a Burger King advert where she said, "Do I look 20 per cent smaller to you? I must have at McDonalds because their hamburgers are 20 per cent smaller than Burger King's." It was the first time a company used another company's name in an advert so McDonald's sued Burger King, the advertising agency, and Sarah herself. -Since its founding in 1955, McDonald's has sold well over 100 billion hamburgers. -The northernmost McDonald's restaurant is located on the Arctic Circle in Rovaniemi, Finland, while the southernmost...
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...英 国 侵 权 法 下 的 疏 忽 强* 叶 Abstract As an independent tort, negligence under English law refers to the defendant fails to perform the legal duty to take care to the plaintiff. Accordingly the defendant’s negligence results in damage which is undesired by the defendant and suffered by the plaintiff. In theory, negligence’s ingredients are: (1) a legal duty to take care is owned by the defendant towards the plaintiff; (2) the duty of care is breached by the defendant; and (3) the defendant’s negligence subsequently results in damage and the damage is not too remote and should be remedied by the law. In this Article, Author aims to give a general introduction to the tort of negligence under English law. 一 引言 疏忽(negligence)无疑是英国侵权法下最重要的范畴之一。依照 Percy 和 Walton 两位作者的观察1，疏忽一般具有三种不同的涵义：一是指法律主体所持 有 的 与 故 意 相 对 应 的 一 种 心 理 状 态 ； 二 是 指 行 为 人 不 慎 谨 的 行 为 (careless conduct)2；三是指行为人违反了法律对其所要求的谨慎义务。疏忽被某些学者视 为是一种独立的侵权类别，3疏忽又可细分为产品责任、交通事故、医疗事故、 叶强：中山大学法学学士，英国谢菲尔德大学(University of Sheffield)商法硕士(LLM in Commercial Law)， 中国执业律师。作者感谢英国梅森律师事务所(香港分所)为本人提供了培训机会，使作者在受训期间得以 利用该所丰富的图书资料完成本文的研究和写作。同时，作者在此感谢 Gary Lee, Ivan Tsao, Lisa So, Michel Lee, Paul Teo 等诸位同事，与他们的交谈启发了作者对英国疏忽侵权的学习。当然，文中出现的错误仍是 由作者本人承担的。 1 Percy and Walton: Charlesworth and Percy on Negligence, 9th Edition (London: Sweet & Maxwell, 1997) at p.1 2 在这种涵义下，疏忽与卤莽(recklessness)有所区别，后者指行为人完全未加考虑即从事活动，而疏忽仅指 被告未达到法律所要求的谨慎程度从事活动。 3 其他主要侵权类别包括：侵犯人身(trespass to person), 侵入领地(trespass to land), 占用者的责任(occupier liability), 滋扰(nuisance)或是诽谤(defamation)等等。...
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...كــلــيــة الــعــلــوم الادرايــة قــســم الــتــســويــق تــســويــق الــكــتــرونــي ســلام مــنــصــور 200920160 اريــج مــنــصــور اشــراف الــدكــتــورة تــمــاضــر *خلفية تاريخية: تم تأسيس ماركه في آي بي كمجتمع تسوق حصري عبر الانترنت بعضوية فريدة من خلال الدعوات فقط. يتمتع أعضائنا بعروض حصرية على أشهر الماركات العالمية بخصومات تصل إلى ٨٥٪ لفترة محدودة فقط. نحن نركز إهتمامنا على أكثر الأزياء أناقة وتألقا من مختلف الماركات العالمية إن العضوية في ماركه في آي بي مجانية. يمكنك الإنضمام إلى مجتمعنا الحصري من خلال ثلاثة طرق: * عن طريق طلب العضوية * بإدخال البريد الإلكتروني لأحد أصدقائك الأعضاء في ماركه في آي بي * عن طريق قبول دعوة من أحد أصدقائك تم إنشاء ماركه في آي بي من قبل عقول عربية نيرة ذات خبرة واسعة في مجال التجارة الإلكترونية على مستوى عالمي. لقد إنضمت هذه الخبرات إلى بعضها البعض لإبراز حماسهم وتطلعاتهم بإنشاء هذا الموقع لإرضاء المتسوق العربي ومحبي الموضة والأزياء في الشرق الأوسط, فمن خلال إتصالاتهم وعلاقاتهم تم تدشين ماركه في آي بي لتقدم أشهر الماركات العالمية بأسعار لا مثيل لها في الوطن العربي. يتميز هذا الموقع بسهولة الإستخدام ليوفر تجربة تسوق حصرية لجميع محبي التسوق والموضة والأزياء * وصل عدد زوارها الى 50000الف زائر * يمكن التواصل معهم عن طريق الهاتف (065777711) او عن طريق skype، support@markavip.com:e_mail،facebook ، twitter * يتم عرض المنتجات بطريقة سهلة...
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...Consumer Behavior of Credit Card Users in an Emerging Market Prof. Dr. Kemal KURTULUŞ, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey Dr. Süphan NASIR ABSTRACT Saturation of the developed markets pushes multinational corporations (MNCs) to newly emerging markets for business expansion. As emerging markets provide growth opportunities for multinational businesses, the development and implementation of marketing strategies are critical for the success of MNCs in these newly emerging markets. Emerging market conditions differ significantly from those of the developed world markets and these conditions affect firm’s performance. Therefore, understanding market conditions of an emerging market is likely to become an increasingly important issue. Credit card companies have also expanded quickly into the emerging markets in order to exploit the opportunities that are provided by the emerging markets. Credit card usage pattern of emerging markets also differs from those of well-developed markets in important ways. Understanding the factors that explain consumer behavior of credit card users in emerging markets could provide an essential insights to marketing strategists of financial services, retailers, and businesses in promoting use of credit cards. Thus, this paper considers the consumer behavior of credit card users in emerging markets in the light of Turkish experience. INTRODUCTION Marketing managers can no longer rely on only domestic markets...
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...QUESTIONS 1 INTRODUCTION This report is providing metering and data collection and management services that applied to service industry such as Mcdonalds. The objective of this report is to improve the quality of service by doing an analysis and to provide the recommendations about the improvements to be made. ANALYSIS HISTORY: THE MCDONALD’S STORY The birth of McDonald's began with Raymond Albert Kroc. Ray Kroc was the exclusive distributor of a milk shake maker called the Multimixer. Meanwhile, two brothers, Richard and Maurice McDonald owned and ran a hamburger restaurant in San Bernadino, California, in the 1950s. Ray Kroc heard how well the McDonald brothers were doing using his Multimixers to serve their customers. He met up with them and acquired the franchising right from them to run McDonald's restaurants. A great success story was in the making. In 1955, Ray Kroc founded the McDonald's Corporation and opened the first restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois. In 1961, he bought out the McDonald brothers. And the rest, as they say, is history. McDonald's grew into the largest restaurant organisation in the world. Today, there are more than 33,000 McDonald's restaurants in 118 countries. Ray Kroc died in 1984 but his legacy is very much alive. His success story continues with McDonald's families of employees, franchisees and suppliers. His commitment, dedication and achievements continue to live on at McDonald's restaurants across the world. BRAND MISSION To be our customers'...
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...Human Resources Management at McDonald’s Introduction McDonald’s is a company which has a colorful history and developed the culture associated with the Fast Food Chain today. In 1937, the McDonald’s brother Richard and Maurice opened the first McDonald’s restaurants in America; it was a freestanding business that offered until then an unthought-of concept. The main items they then sold were beef or pork burgers, fries and drinks. Their restaurant were set up differently to the restaurants of those times, with open kitchens the customers could see right through, and counters with many operational cash registers. Under a high degree of customer satisfactory contributed for business expansion, McDonald today has over than 30,000 restaurants over than 100 countries in the world and it has maintained the top position in the Fast Food Industry for the past 50 years. McDonald’s has been pursuing a growth strategy for the last decade. McDonald’s foreign operations amount for more than half of the company’s revenue today and all have been marked by ’s (1995) basic vision of selling the maximum. However, in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the giant experienced problems owing to external environment changes. In 2002, the company experienced huge embarrassment with law suits, negative media coverage, and 15 percent drop in its stocks making it the third biggest loser in the Dow Jones Industrial average. This roller coaster ride has largely been attributed to the leadership...
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...How are customer’s tastes changing in the fast-food industry? What impact do these changes have on McDonald’s? There are lots of obese in America. In America we can go to a drive up window and receive a fast, hot meal in less than 3 minutes. Everything is about fast. Mc Donald’s captured lot of market when fast food trend started. But customers are now looking for healthy options. Customers are substituting healthy food for a quick cheap meal. A healthy diet, healthy habits, can change our life. Customers are trying to eat fish, chicken and vegetables to stay healthy. Customers looking for better dining experience. They are looking to get food faster with high scale dining. They are also looking for quality salads and better quality food. These changes are great for world, but it is decreasing the Mc Donald's profits. Mc Donald’s changed their ambience and atmosphere to attract more people. They also added kid’s game area to attract more kids. Mc Donald’s added chicken items to their menu, also added more varieties to the menu. Mc Donald’s also started McCafe to attract coffee lovers. Question 2: How well these changes in customer tastes and preferences being reflected in competitive strategies in the industry? The restaurant industry is a mature, heavily segmented one from fine dining to fast food. This would indicate that the established restaurant chains – Burger King and Wendy’s specifically – are failing to come across with these customer preferences in their competitive...
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...Summary The case begins with June Miller, who entered a used cars dealership named McDonalds’s Ford where their sales person, John Alexander approached her. June is doubted by the looking at mileage meter of the car that it has been set back. Alexander tried to convince her that 20,000 were the real mileage of that particular car but it didn’t really look like she was convinced. He then asked how much she travels and what kind of a car does she need. Good mileage was important to her as she has to the car quite often. He showed a few more cars that would suit her but she was reluctant and she asked him for his visiting card. She perceived a risk as well as she not convinced, so, she left by saying that she will get back to her. Q1. Describe the situation and the buyer's apparent needs. The case demonstrates a situation in which a car salesman is attempting to understand the needs of a potential customer and the risk she perceives in purchasing a car. He asks questions pertaining to the use of the car, size, fuel economy, etc. to gain knowledge about the buyer. After the seller begins to understand what the buyer is looking for, he then shows her possible options that meet her criteria; however, she was very reluctant about any of the cars and decided to continue shopping around. More over the buyer’s remark “What was it before you set it back?” clearly stats the doubt the buyer has. The buyer has little product knowledge, bad attitude toward a used car, and may believe...
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...| McDonald’s: Polishing the Golden Arches Case Analysis by Amber Zirnhelt © 2006 Amber ZirnheltOriginally Submitted for Management 680: Corporate Strategic Planning and Policy Professor Frank ShipperPOLICY AND FUNCTIONAL STRATEGIES McDonald’s has been an industry leader within the fast food industry for years. In the introductory phase of their business operations they focused on following a generic low cost strategy consisting of offering consumers low priced food products in order to, “make eating out on a regular basis affordable for families…” (Marino 627). Faced with changing consumer trends and competitors pursuing aggressive competitive strategies focused on product differentiation and quality; McDonald’s then CEO, Jim Cantalupo, determined in order to address the companies recent profit losses and challenges a different stand on generic strategy must be taken. Through the implementation of McDonald’s Plan to Win strategy, Cantalupo shifted the company’s generic strategy to differentiation by focusing on marketing to turnaround the negative publicity recently experienced through offering customers a better overall fast food experience as compared to their competitors. McDonald’s financial strategy focused on decreasing capital expenditures by 40% while using their cash from 2003 operations to pay off debt and return cash to stockholders. These financial strategies have allowed the company to implement the Plan to Win strategy while also improving...
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...MID SEMSTER QUIZ PREPERATION * B2 – expansion grid is for detecting best growth strategies * Market Penetration- Company strategies based on market penetration normally focus on changing incidental clients to regular clients, and regular client into heavy clients. Typical systems are volume discounts, bonus cards and customer relationship management * Market Development -Company strategies based on market development often try to lure clients away from competitors or introduce existing products in foreign markets or introduce new brand names in a market. * Product Development -Company strategies based on product development often try to sell other products to (regular) clients. This can be accessories, add-ons, or completely new products. Often existing communication channels are leveraged. * Diversification -Company strategies based on diversification are the most risky type of strategies. Often there is a credibility focus in the communication to explain why the company enters new markets with new products. This 4th quadrant (diversification) of the product/market grid can be further split up in four types: * - horizontal diversification (new product, current market) * - vertical diversification (move into firms supplier's or customer's business) * - concentric diversification (new product closely related to current product in new market) * - conglomerate diversification (new product in new market) * Although already decennia old...
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...to buy from Walmart or any other store I choose. It seems to me that Walmart is helping our economy thru this recession. Many people are saving money by shopping at Walmart, which in turn keeps many others working. Walmart is not the only one who seems to take the heat for its industry, McDonald’s faces similar disparagement for the fast food industry. Many critics use McDonalds as an example to attack the “unhealthy” food served in fast food industry. Both have responded well with tactics to directly counter-act the bad publicity. Walmart has made great efforts to improve its sustainability with new transportation and building standards. Tey are also big sponsors for community events. The new healthy options like salads and yogurt are McDonals direct response to the healthy awareness era. Funny, how despite all the negative clamor over these two conglomerates, we all still continue to patronize them; making them #1 in their respective industries, both in sales and...
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...# of McDonalds stores http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/foo_mcd_res-food-mcdonalds-restaurants countries w/o McDonalds http://www.enotes.com/topic/List_of_countries_with_McDonald%27s_franchises#Countries_without_McDonald.27s_locations Countries without McDonald's locations Ask Yahoo! compared the United States Department of State's list of independent states to a list of franchises on the McDonald's website, and derived that the following countries don't have McDonald's locations.[7] LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN (15 out of 35 countries) • Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Bermuda, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago In addition there is a McDonald's restaurant in the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, land leased from Cuba that hosts a US Naval facility. NORTH AMERICA (1 out of 23 countries) • Greenland EUROPE (5 out of 46 countries) • Albania, Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iceland, and the Vatican City. THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA (4 out of 19 countries) • Syria, Tunisia, and Western Sahara. ASIA (18 out of 46 countries) • Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Burma (also known as Myanmar), Cambodia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Palestine, Tajikistan, Timor-Leste, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Vietnam SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA (46 out of 53 countries) • Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon...
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...MKGT 370 01/28 -Superbowl: Favorite, least favorite, 02/04: Exam: 50 MC, TF, 1,2,5-7 What’s on ADS: humor, animals, sex, products. Chapter 1: 1. Definition: Delivering VALUE, focus on products 2. Needs and wants: Need food, drinks. Want entertainment. 3. Marketing entails an EXCHANGE: product (what it is made of), price (quality based on price), place (where), promotion (everything you do to sell ur products) * Products: Good (things can touch, shoes), Service (Taxi, atm, doctor, very important to US, 80% of service because other countries can make cheaper), Ideas (animals, green environment, sthing we consume or sell) * Price: Everything buyer gives up in exchange for the product. How willing customers to pay and can earn profit. Complicated. How u find prices? Price= Value. Ex: Pay more for saving time, energy… * Place: Where u buy it. When customers want it? Right time, place. * Promotion: INFORM, PERSUADES, REMINDS potential buyers abt services or products. 4. Marketing can do individually or organizationally 5. Marketing impacts various stakeholders-> Society, customers, employees, supply chain. 6. Marketing helps create value: Production era (old fones), Sales era, Marketing era (home fone), and value based marketing era (cell fones) 7. How do firms become value driven? Sharing info, Balancing benefits w costs, building relationships w customers (CRM=customer relationship management= very important). 8. Why...
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...The Multinational Enterprise (MNE) Chapter 2&3 Pr.Dr. Abdulrahim Alsaati a_alsaati@hotmail.com 0555674760 • Multinational enterprises (MNEs: A company headquartered in one country but having operations in other countries. • Characteristics of MNEs: • 1-common ownership linked affiliated firms • 2-common pool of resources • 3-common strategy for linking to gather the affiliates Internationalization process • • • • • License Export via agent Export through own sales representatives Local packaging and/ or assembly FDI • License: A contractual arrangement in which one firm (the licensor) provides access to some of its patents, trademarks, or technology to another firm in exchange for a fee or royalty. • KFC, Mcdonal • Licensor: A company that provides access to some of its patents, trademarks, or technology to another firm in exchange for a fee or royalty. • Licensee: A firm given access to some of the patents, trademarks, or technology of another firm in exchange for a fee or royalty. • KFC ,McDonald , Why firms become MNE? • To Diversify against risks and uncertainties • To tap growing world market for goods and services • Protecting their home market share from foreign competitors by using follow the competitor strategy • To reduce cost • To avoid tariff and non tariff barriers • Utilized their technical expertise through FDI Strategic management & MNEs • The strategic philosophy of MNEs : make decisions base on the what is best for the overall company only ,they mobilize...
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...Background Pada awal 1990, Toys “R” Us merupakan retailer permainan yang terbesar di dunia, dengan market sebesar 20-25 persen di Amerika, dan 2 persen dari total penjualan internasional. Toys “R” Us ditemukan oleh Charles Lazarus pada akhir tahun 1940an sebagai supermarket permainan yang pertama. Toys “R” Us diambil alih oleh Interstate, Inc. pada tahun 1966. Interstate kemudian mengalami kebangkrutan pada tahun 1974 setelah terlalu banyak membeli perusahaan atau toko lainnya, tetapi tetap terus membangun lebih banyak lagi toko-toko Toys “R” Us. Setelah pembentukan kembali organisasi Interstate pada tahun 1977, Interstate melepas semua aset-asetnya dan menjadi Toys “R” Us, Inc. dimana Lazarus menjadi chairman dan CEO. Toys “R” Us berkembang pesat di akhir tahun 1970an sampai 1980an, dan kemudian membuka toko Kids “R” Us yang pertama di tahun 1982 yang merupakan toko pakaian. Toys “R” Us kemudian membuka toko internasionalnya yang pertama pada tahun 1984, dan sejak dipublikasikan pada tahun 1978, penjualannya meningkat setiap tahun. Toys “R” Us pertama kali mempublikasikan rencananya untuk masuk ke pasar Jepang pada tahun 1989, dengan menandatangani kontrak kerjasama dengan McDondald’s Jepang. Toys “R” Us memiliki saham 80% dan McDonald’s Jepang 20%. Hampir seluruh staff yang bekerja merupakan orang local dan tidak ada pegawai asing tetap di headquarters Toys “R” Us di kota Kawasaki. Sebagai bagian dari perjanjian, McDonald’s memiliki hak untuk membuka restaurantnya di lokasi...
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