...This paper will demonstrate the role of women in the medical field and the obstacles they face in their medical journey. Why is it that gender determines whether a person can become a surgeon or not? What is the main cause behind all this stereotypical ideologies and what are the threats that it creates? Looking at the gender patriarchy, fear of females...
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...Excellence A collaboration of Cornell University, University of Rochester, and New York State Center for School Safety ACT for (Trans) Youth, Part 1 March 2008 Growing Up Transgender: Research and Theory by Seth T. Pardo As transgender identities become increasingly visible, those who work with and those who love trans youth seek resources to understand what it means to grow up “trans.” With little to guide us, adults may fall back on outdated theories or confuse transgender and gay identities. This article offers an introduction to current research and theory behind transgender identity formation, and suggests a framework for understanding gender that moves beyond a rigid binary system. Part two of this series will focus on moving from risk to resilience with trans youth. Gender is one of the few characteristics we are conditioned to see as a binary construct; height, weight, IQ, and hair length, for example, are all perceived along continuums. Also, because Western society is deeply rooted in the notion that there are only two sexes, our language keeps us trapped in a binary discourse about gender. At birth we are named and identified by our external sexual (genital) features; soon after, we develop sexspecific behaviors or gender roles based on our social experiences as males and females. But sometimes a child demonstrates cross-gendered behaviors, or thinks s/he should have been born (or even is) the opposite sex. Cross-gender identification may be demonstrated by preferences...
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...Correctional Systems by Jerome Clark The Correctional systems of the United States house more than 1.8 million prisoner’s both male and female. With all of these offenders to house, feed and protect from others and themselves. The system is large and separated between federal, state and privately owned prisons. With that said, the system has evolved through trial and error. Some prison systems are agricultural and are found mostly in the southern states where inmates work on farm systems. These systems were products of the pre-civil war days of slavery where the inmate works in the cotton fields, hoe squads and planting vegetables for the prison. Some states have abandoned this method because negative reactions from farm organizations, whose members argue that competition from state prisons, were unfair with the free labor from prisoners. Correctional functions prisons provide essential medical, dental, and mental health services. Correction clients may also have access to legal books and or services to aide in their legal research and to prepare legal documents. Some institutions even offer various programs in literacy, parenting skills, adult continuing education and provide library services. In addition to what might be considered the "traditional" institutions, there are many other alternatives that corrections may choose to use. Some of these options include Pre-trial Release, Parole, Probation. Some prisons offer on-the-job-training...
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...HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT RESEARCH PROJECT relationship between type of compensation and work motivation and comparison between men and women as to which type of compensation motivates which gender. BY APSARA ALI EYMEN TATHEER YUSRA TARIQUE JAMALL BS – VIII SUBMITTED TO: MR: MANSOOR ZAKIR INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY BAHRIA UNIVERSITY, KARACHI CAMPUS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We, Apsara Ali, Eymen Tatheer and Yusra Tarique Jamall would like to thank Allah Almighty for his blessings and for giving us the persistence to carry out this research study. Secondly, we would like to thank our supervisor Mr. Mansoor Zakir for guiding us throughout and for all his support and gave us opportunity to do this research which also helped us in doing a lot of research and we came to know about so many new things. Finally we would also like to thank our parents and friends who helped us a lot in finishing this research project within the limited time. Table of Contents * Acknowledgements 3 * Abstract 6 Chapter 1: Background of Research Study 7 - 12 1.1 Introduction 7 - 10 1.2 Statement of the problem 10 - 11 1.3 Importance of the project ...
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...I chose to interview a female, in her thirties, that is from Ghana. She is married with two children and works in the mental health field doing research for the Veterans Association. The interview took place in an office setting and it was just the two of us present. The thing that I feel went well in the interview was that it felt more like a natural conversation than a formal interview. The atmosphere was quiet and we both seemed comfortable talking with each other. I cannot think of anything that went wrong during the interview and I feel power was distributed equally between myself and the person I chose to interview. Going into the interview I do not feel I had any preconceived notions about the person I chose to interview or her culture....
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...Patricia Bath Patricia Era Bath was born on November 4, 1942, in Harlem, New York, to Rupert Bath, the first black motorman for the New York City subway system, and Gladys Bath, a housewife and domestic worker who used her salary to save money for her children's education. Bath was encouraged by her family to pursue academic interests. Her father, a former Merchant Marine and an occasional newspaper columnist, taught Bath about the wonders of travel and the value of exploring new cultures. Her mother piqued the young girl's interest in science by buying her a chemistry set. As a result, Bath worked hard on her intellectual pursuits and, at the age of 16, became one of only a few students to attend a cancer research workshop sponsored by the National Science Foundation. The program head, Dr. Robert Bernard, was so impressed with Bath's discoveries during the project that he incorporated her findings in a scientific paper he presented at a conference. The publicity surrounding her discoveries earned Bath the Mademoiselle magazine's Merit Award in 1960. After graduating from high school in only two years, Bath headed to Hunter College, where she earned a bachelor's degree in 1964. She then attended Howard University to pursue a medical degree. Bath graduated with honors from Howard in 1968, and accepted an internship at Harlem Hospital shortly afterward. The following year, she also began pursuing a fellowship in ophthalmology at Columbia University. Through her...
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... | |9/10/2015 | Introduction Since I have just finished a course in Business Economics my niece Jenny has asked me advice on if she should become a doctor she felt I was the best person to ask advice about whether or not to pursue her career choice in becoming a doctor. She also wanted to get my opinion if she did become a doctor what demographic location in my experience should she look into. I wanted to provide her with the best possible information possible. This is the research I have found on this matter. This information should help guide her in the decision if she chooses her career path in this profession or chose another profession. Relevant Economic Principles: Determinants of Demand, Supply, etc. and Relevant Data [pic] Source: More Minorities Apply and Enroll to Med School. University Business, Dec2004, Vol. 7 Issue 12, p20-20, 2/5p, 1 Graph Graph; found on p20...
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...the last decade (Roberts & Fantz, 2014). Until recently, transgender-related issues have often been loosely addressed under the umbrella of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) issues. Upon isolating investigation to the T (trans) portion of the population, research has shown that the transgender community faces stigma and discrimination at alarming rates across numerous areas of life (Cruz, 2014; Grant, Mottet, & Tanis, 2011). This population is met with systemic discrimination in women’s shelters that refuse to help male-to-female transsexuals (MTFs), attaining surgery because many states...
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...The Dar-es-salaam Medical Students’ Journal - DMSJ September 2010 IMAGE OF NURSING PROFESSION AS VIEWED BY SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ILALA DISTRICT, DAR ES SALAAM BY KIWANUKA ACHILLES, School of Nursing, 2009. ABSTRACT Objectives: The Broad objective: To assess knowledge and attitudes of secondary school students in Ilala district towards the nursing profession Specific objectives: To determine the awareness of nursing as a profession by secondary school students in Ilala district, explore factors that promote aspiration to enroll in nursing schools and to explore factors that deter aspiration to enroll in nursing schools. Methods: The study was exploratory cross sectional using both qualitative and quantitative methods and was conducted in Azania and Jangwani secondary schools in Ilala district. The sample size included 50 male and 50 female students who were opting for Physics, Chemistry and Biology from form III to form VI in the above mentioned schools. Results: Awareness above 50% for males was 79.2% (95%CI: 66.6, 91.8) while that of females was 76.9 % (95% CI: 65.4, 88.4). Awareness below 50% was 31.4% (95%CI: 8.4, 54.4) for the males while that for females was 31.1% (95% CI: 11.3, 50.9). Non awareness was mostly about nurses being capable of independent practice, making decisions for themselves, working with high technology, following physician’s orders without questioning and feeling good about what they do. Factors that were pointed out included: social, economical...
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...age (mortality) represent vital and gross health statistics (McKeown 1978). Basically, improved health is reflected in decline of mortality. Determinants of health can be sought in various health theories or models. One of these is ‘life course model’ which offers an interdisciplinary framework for guiding research on health, human development and aging. Life course epidemiology is defined as the study of long term effects on later health or disease risk of physical or social exposures during gestation, childhood, adolescence, young adulthood and later adult life (Kuh and Hardy 2002). The aim is to elucidate biological, behavioural, and psychosocial determinants of health that operate across an individual’s life course, or across generations, to influence the development of disease risk. Combining the definition, quantifiers and determinants, if health trends are to be evaluated there has been a major transition in health status and its indicators. An Upside Trend Life expectancy has seen an upward trend worldwide. In the UK, for England and Wales, the Human Mortality Database or HMD shows that life expectancy at birth and at age 65 have increased for both males and females from 1841 to...
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...behavior: violent crime, to global social dysfunction, besides many other untoward consequences likewise vehicular accidents, workplace injuries, divorce, poor job performance, poor fetal outcomes associated with fetal alcohol syndrome, spousal and child abuse are also common (Williams & Torrens 2008). Furthermore, economics and social structures affect health in the sense that a person’s ability to access quality healthcare in a timely manner is affected by whether that person can afford to pay health insurance or pay cash on his or her own and that person’s willingness to seek medical help when they believe they need it. These factors are influenced by a person’s income level, education, societal status – married or unmarried - and psychological characteristic such as his/her believe system, also among other things, which have a correlation with his/her social structure. Describe the three stages of medical technology development. A...
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...W7000 – WRITING SKILLS My research topic is on Female Circumcision, otherwise known as Female Genital Mutilation (FMG). Female Genital Mutilation is a procedure that involves intentional alteration or cutting of female genital organs for non- medical reasons, from age infant to 10 years and older depending on the community. Studies have shown that this practice does not have any health benefit to any female, but rather it causes damages. FGM practice is recognized as a violation of human rights of girls and women; it reflects deep rooted inequality between sexes and constitutes an extreme form of discrimination against women. No matter the justification or reason that supporters of female genital mutilation my advance, the practice is not only barbaric and primitive, but scientifically and socially uncalled for and should be eradicated. This practice has numerous hazardous health consequences of immediate and delayed complications, apart from their negative psychological and social impact, also sometimes proved fatal in many instances (Rushwan, 1983 and 1994, El Dareer, 1983, Shandal and AbulFutuh, 1967). This violates a person right to health, security and physical integrity. FGM practice is associated with traditional beliefs of communities in Africa, New Zealand, and the United States of America and Canada. This practice is carried out without anesthetics and antiseptic treatments, using basic tools such as knives, scissors, scalpels, pieces of glass and razor blades. ...
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...ETHICS FOR HOLISTIC PRACTICE Debate topic – Couples wishing to undergo IVF treatment should be awarded the legal right to choose the sex of their child. Good afternoon everyone our debate topic today is whether or not couples wishing to undergo IVF treatment should be awarded the legal right to choose the sex of their child. I’m Melinda and along with Angelique and Melissa we will be presenting the affirmative argument and the negative argument will be presented by Kristen, Judy and Deb. Sex selection, also known as gender selection, has attracted great interest and controversy over the years. Gender selection has been associated with a number of ethical, moral, social and legal issues. Sex selection may be performed for medical reasons to avoid sex-linked diseases or for parental preference. The topics I will be covering include eugenics, beneficence, utilitarianism and pre-genetic screening in regards to sex linked diseases. Eugenics can be defined as the study or belief in the possibility of improving the qualities of the human species. In the context of IVF treatment positive eugenics encourages reproduction by implantation of healthy embryos with inheritable desirable traits and negative eugenics seeks to identify and dispose of embryos found to carry undesirable inheritable traits. Utilitarianism in the context of IVF sex selection and genetic screening is defined by the principle of utility which seeks to judge moral rules, actions and behaviours on the basis...
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...Female Selective Abortion While females in America are making great strides in gaining equality, females throughout various countries of Asia continue to be disregarded, abused, and in some occasion, aborted before birth. In fact, studies have shown that within the last two decades of the twentieth century, several million female fetuses have been aborted (Miller, 2001). Throughout these countries with high rates of Female-Selective Abortion, or FSA, one cultural similarity exists: they are all characterized as patriarchal. Among these Asian societies which are patriarchal in nature, males dominate practically all aspects of life, both public and private. Males there are seen to control the economy by having productive property, inheritance rights, and preferred employment. From a religious standpoint, these countries view males as a symbol of purity and power, while females are linked to negative notions such as impurity, danger, and a need to be controlled by males. Even culturally, males are more accepted because some of these countries, for instance China, have a preference of having a son as the first born. With so much value place upon males, many soon-to-be parents living in these countries are hopeful that their birth child will be a male. Many pregnant couples are doing whatever they can, and with the help of new technology, to ensure that they will not give birth to a female baby. In fact, evidence has shown a substantial increase in female-selective abortions since...
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...MEDICAL RECORD AUDITING Gretchen Llanes Carrington College Abstract Medical auditing imply conducting internal or external follow up of coding quality, policies, and routines to guarantee the person is running a functional competent and surely liability-free business. The purpose of the current medical audit is to classify the parts for enhancement and create needed adjustments, offer a greater capacity medical to the subject. Medical Record Auditing Clinical audit has a record spreading to back to the produce of Florence Nightingale (1800s) and Ernest Codman (early 1900s). The two; Nightingale and Codman regulated fatality and sickness levy in their own establishments. Nightingale spent time on doing a study of...
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