...Bucher (2014) explained, “The primary goals in the management of RA are the reduction of inflammation, management of pain, maintenance of joint function, and prevention or minimization of joint deformity”. The proper use of drug therapy can treat all of these goals. Using the nursing process during drug therapy ensures safe, effective treatment. The nursing process offers a systematic approach that aids...
Words: 2023 - Pages: 9
...establishing patient relationships, obtaining medication history information, preventing, identifying and resolving medication related problems (MRP), dispensing medications, and educating and counseling patients and healthcare providers (japha, 2010). This paper highlights the pharmacist role in various services, the workforce roles within those services, and the impact pharmacists play in health care organizations. Role of a Pharmacist Pharmacists interpret prescriptions and dispense medications prescribed by a credentialed provider. In cases where patients receive multiple medications, an in-depth understanding of drug interactions is required. Pharmacists monitor the pharmacologic effects of medications for certain disease states including, but not limited to, diabetes, asthma, hypertension, seizures, hyperlipidemia, anticoagulation, and infectious diseases. The rapid, dramatic advances in medication therapy created a niche for pharmacy practitioners that specialize in specific treatment and care (rheumatology, 2013). Medication Therapy Management Pharmacists have a broad knowledge base to assess and respond to a patient's medication therapy needs, thereby contributing to the inter-professional management of patients and optimal patient care. Medication therapy management (MTM) is a partnership of the pharmacist, the patient or their caregiver, and other health professionals that promotes the safe and effective use of medications and helps patients achieve the targeted...
Words: 727 - Pages: 3
...wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, about one in ten returning soldiers seen in VA have a problem with alcohol or other drugs (Veteran Affairs 2012). As human service provider I witness this co diagnosis of PTSD ( Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) and SUD (Substance Abuse Disorder) daily and it has encouraged me to form a opinion. After some deep thought I would like to look into the efficiency of the treatment prescribed to solders suffering from PTSD and which is more effective. In this paper I will be looking Cognitive behavioral therapy offered when trying to treat PTSD and SUD . On the other hand I will like to look into a variety of medication therapy which includes anxiety medication and drugs known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. On an weekly basis I deal with over 100 veterans who have been diagnosed with PTSD and in most cases are dual diagnosed with SUD (Substance Use Disorder). While looking over these veterans charts I notice that many have attended Cognitive behavioral therapy,...
Words: 1635 - Pages: 7
...Disorder Paper - Anxiety Jonathan Dimitroff University of Phoenix Psych 575 March 23, 2015 Leah Mancuso PhD Disorder Paper - Anxiety The purpose of this paper is to discuss a neurological, psychological, or neurodevelopmental disorder. It is to compare and contrast three therapeutic interventions used to treat the chosen disorder; comparing measures of effectiveness, such as validity, efficacy, symptom and behavior management, and recidivism. One therapy should be cognitive in nature, one pharmacological in nature, and the third should be an alternative therapeutic treatment. This paper will identify common symptoms associated with the disorder, and rates of symptom reduction or management as reported with the three treatments. It will discuss what approach this author would use to treat this disorder based on the research used to develop this paper; and why. It will also analyze the neurophysiological underpinnings of disorders and diseases, as well as examine contemporary attitudes towards the three treatments selected. For the purposes of this paper, anxiety will be the chosen disorder. It is a psychological disorder with a variety of symptoms and specific types of anxiety. To list a few of the different types of anxiety, there is Panic disorder, Obsessive-Compulsive disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Social Anxiety disorder, then there are the phobias which fall under the anxiety label, as well as Generalized...
Words: 2962 - Pages: 12
...The Use of Non-Pharmacological Therapy in Children The Use of Non-Pharmacological Therapy in Children Children’s pain is multidimensional with psychological, physiological and behavioural domains, which presents unique challenges in the assessment and evaluation. These challenges require close consideration of the child’s age, prior pain experiences, developmental, cognitive and communication levels. As nurses are responsible in the assessment of children’s pain, it is appropriate to know all methods, and techniques of alleviating this uncomfortable stimuli, thus presenting the clinical question; in children, how can non-pharmacological (complementary/ alternative) methods be more beneficial in pain management compared to non-pharmacological/conventional medicines? The purpose of this paper is to explore how non-pharmacological methods can be useful in reducing pain. The different variations of non-pharmacological interventions, adverse effects of pharmacological medication, economic factors and knowledge deficits related to nurse education of pain management will be discussed below. Non-Pharmacological Techniques Non-pharmacological techniques, or complementary therapies are considered as any intervention used for pain alleviation that are non-analgesics or other kinds of medications and can be used with or without pharmacological aid. To better understand how many of these types of procedures are effective on a cellular level, we must look at “The Gate Control...
Words: 4548 - Pages: 19
...Treatment of Bipolar Disorder - 1 Running Head: TREATMENT OF A MOOD DISORDER Treatment of Bipolar Disorder Frances Watson Psychology 201, Summer 2009 Professor Kiely July 17, 2009 Paper submitted to Prof. Kiely for Psychology 201, 8/17/2010 Treatment of Bipolar Disorder - 2 Abstract This essay will be reviewing the ways in which persons with the mood disorder bipolar disorder are given treatment for their illness. The stages of treatment, components, and results of treating bipolar disorder, or BD, will be explored. Bipolar treatment varies between children and adolescents and adults, therefore the various treatments are unique and not specified in this essay. A brief description of the symptoms, the disorder itself, and ways in which it is diagnosed will also be discussed. We will be focusing on Bipolar I Disorder for the purposes of this paper. Paper submitted to Prof. Kiely for Psychology 201, 8/17/2010 Treatment of Bipolar Disorder - 3 Introduction Bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, is a mood disorder that causes shifts in mood from mania to depression. During times of mania, one feels as if they are on a “high” and experience a high level of energy, racing thoughts, are easily distracted, and have a decreased need for sleep. During times of depression, one feels a decreased level of energy and activity, as well as low-self esteem. Various sources indicate variable types of bipolar disorder, but the main ones are: ♦ Bipolar I Disorder:...
Words: 1510 - Pages: 7
...Brandi Blankenbeckler Abnormal Psychology February 14, 2015 Childhood Disorders ADHD Professor Marcia Koelndorfer Have you ever sat and wondered why a child has trouble sitting still or focusing on what you are saying as well as not being able to follow direction as well as you want them too? There are many children that are diagnosed with ADHD also known as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, which is a chronic condition that includes attention difficulty, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. ADHD affects children and adolescents and can follow them into adulthood as well. It is estimated that 3% to 5% of children are diagnosed with this and 8% to 10% are diagnosed as a school aged child for example kindergarten and up. (WebMD) There are symptoms in which can be noticed and seen as out of range and not normal for their age range such as, distracted easily, unable to follow directions, does not have the ability to focus for long periods of time, fidgets with hands and cannot sit still, loses personal items, always on the go such as running or climbing on items. There are other symptoms such as not being able to concentrate or becoming bored with academics in a short period of time, and as well a social factor that can make it difficult to be involved with peers. Children that are most likely to be diagnosed with ADHD can be as young as 5 and up there is not a certain age limit that one can be tested but waiting until a child has the ability to interact and...
Words: 1998 - Pages: 8
...ADHD: Multimodal Approach Lynnette Walker University of North Florida Abstract This paper reviews Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), the many effects the disorder has on an individual, and the many therapy options available. A brief description of the disorder is given, as well as the core symptoms, and the functional problems that result from it. Each therapy option is then explained in detail and the benefits of each given. Finally, a brief look at the advantages of using multiple therapy techniques in a multimodal approach and the needs for future research. ADHD: Multimodal Approach ADHD (Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) is a common disorder that typically presents in early childhood and often continues into adulthood. It is a chronic disorder that has no cure. There are two components of ADHD, attention deficit and hyperactivity. The attention deficit component refers to the lack of attention or difficulty in focusing on activities for extended periods of time, as well as being easily distracted. The hyperactivity component refers to impulsivity, restlessness, fidgeting, and often loud behavior. In order to be diagnosed with ADHD, a patient must exhibit a number of these behaviors that are atypical to children of the same age for at least six months, symptoms having been present before the age of 7, be present in more than one environment, and show impairment in social and academic progress (Monastra, 2008). There are many functional deficiencies...
Words: 1822 - Pages: 8
...Behavioral therapy is the second most common leading therapy for children with ADHD. To properly help the child behavioral therapy have to come from all facets of the child’s life. To be effective in behavioral therapy, the parents must be involve through parent training, classroom management, peer interventions, and combinations of these interventions. Parent training is very critical, because it teaches them about ADHD, in addition to, behavioral problems, and child development. This training gives the parents positive parenting strategies (Felt, Biermann, Christiner, Kochhar, & Harrison, 2014) Behavioral therapy are separated into two categories: antecedents of behavior, and consequences of behavior. The first one has to deal with the setting, environmentally structure. Things such the size of the classroom, regular classes verses special education classes. Seating arrangements and even the task that are given. To add, consequences therapy involve the school setting based on contingency management. This contingency depends on the behavior of the child (Schwiebert, Sealander, & Tollerud,...
Words: 1481 - Pages: 6
...pharmacological management. There is always confusion when diagnosing a patient who is suffering from bipolar and patients who have major depression because, the bipolar patient usually present with the major depressive episode (American Psychiatric Association, 2013)....
Words: 1315 - Pages: 6
...Valerie Van Beusekom Pharm D IV Paper Proposal I. Title: Subclinical hypothyroidism. The importance of screening, treating and management of patients with slightly elevated TSH levels when compared to reference ranges. II. Problem: Purpose of the Study: Subclinical hypothyroidism is defined as an elevated serum TSH level with a normal serum free T4 concentration. Whereas hypothyroidism is an elevated serum TSH level along with a decreased serum T4 concentration. In subclinical hypothyroidism the TSH level is usually above 4.5 mIU/L but not greater than 10 mIU/L. Subclinical hypothyroidism is a common condition discovered by thyroid screening. According to the review of Helfand and Redfern, 5% to 10% of adult women have an elevated TSH level.5 Controversy persists about screening for subclinical hypothyroidism and the TSH level at which treatment should be initiated. A 1998 position paper from the American College of Physicians questioned whether there were sufficient data to recommend treatment of patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.6 A 2004 publication from the US Preventive Services Task Force found that the data were insufficient to recommend for or against screening in adults.7In 2002, a consensus development panel sponsored by the American Thyroid Association, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, and the Endocrine Society found insufficient evidence to support screening and recommended against treating patients with a TSH concentration between...
Words: 1898 - Pages: 8
...1. Introduction This paper provides a brief overview of evidence based psychological treatments for anxiety disorders. It addresses the following questions: • How common are anxiety disorders? • What psychological treatments have empirical support? • What recovery rates can be achieved with these treatments? • How enduring are their effects? • Is there value in combining psychological treatments with medication? Psychological treatments can be delivered in a variety of formats. This paper restricts itself to the traditional, and most extensively researched, format of face-to-face contact with a fully qualified therapist. For most anxiety disorders the therapy sessions are once weekly for 60-90 minutes spread over a period of 8-20 weeks, with homework assignments in between. However, in specific phobias, the strongest outcomes have been obtained with a single, long (3-5 hour) session with a therapist, followed by a briefer follow-up session a week or so later. 2. How common are anxiety disorders? The most recent British Psychiatric Morbidity Survey1 estimates that 16.4% of the population have a diagnosable anxiety and/or depressive disorder. The diagnostic system that was used in the survey (ICD-10) is different from the diagnostic system (DSM-IV) that has been used in most trials of psychological treatments. For this reason, it is difficult to be precise about the number of individuals in the UK who have anxiety disorders for which there...
Words: 3279 - Pages: 14
...Health History Paper October 31, 2012 Abstract This paper follows the trends of using corticosteroids as a long-term therapy for sports injuries. It goes into the many adverse effects of both the long term use and the short term use. In the use of these medicines we will go over the major concerns as well as what you can do to limit the adverse effects. We will also cover when you should consult your physician and what the different routes for administration. Adverse Effects of Corticosteroids The use of corticosteroids has long since been associated with long term adverse effects on the body. There are some researchers who argue that effects of these therapies are hard on the body and do more damage in the long term that the short term good they produce. Other researchers say that the evidence that is currently available slandering corticosteroids is insufficient and lacking in accurate scientific information. In this paper we will be looking at the negative effects of these drugs and the many forms in which it can be administered. There are inhaled, nasal, systemic (oral,IV), topical, and local (IM). Now each of these has some variances as far as adverse effects are concerned, but there are some they have in common. Some of the adverse effects are named a few headache, dizziness, adrenal suppression, and decreased growth in children. Corticosteroids should be given only by a specialist and when necessary because corticosteroids can delay soft-tissue healing and sometimes...
Words: 1420 - Pages: 6
...Partners HealthCare System (PHS): Transforming Health Care Services Delivery through Information Management Case Description According to government sources, U.S. expenditures on health care in 2009 reached nearly $2.4 trillion dollars ($2.7 trillion by the end of 2010). Despite this vaunting national level of expenditure on medical treatment, death rates due to preventable errors in the delivery of health services rose to approximately 98,000 deaths in 2009. To address the dual challenges of cost control and quality improvement, some have argued that what is needed is an integrated electronic medical record (EMR) system and associated information technology-enabled processes. While the information systems currently available may meet the needs of the industry, the question remains as to what is required within and by the health care services organization to achieve a satisfactory response to these dual challenges. At the present time, Partners Healthcare System (PHS) maintains a centralized digital records library on over 5 million patients, augmented in real-time by data, textual comments, and artifacts (i.e. x-rays, MRI’s, EKG’s, etc.) as these patients visit doctor offices, receive hospital-based or home care services, and obtained prescription medications and other therapies. Procedures are in place to ensure the data quality and integrity of these patient files. Going forward, any health care professional across the network can access a patient’s complete...
Words: 2178 - Pages: 9
...Case Study 2 Heart failure (HF) is a common, disabling, and expensive disease with depressing prognosis and poor quality of life. In addition to optimum medical therapy, counseling and education involving dietary modifications, activity recommendations, medication management, self-monitoring, prognosis, coping skills, social support, caregiver stress, and spiritual needs are critical components in the management of heart failure patients through initial diagnosis to end of life. In this paper, the writer elaborates on different approaches that would benefit Mr.P in managing his symptoms, recommended treatment plans, the appropriate teaching method and teaching plans in order to improve his quality of life. Approach to Care Elderly HF patients exhibit distinctive pathophysiological features, complex co-morbidities, and unique issues of medication tolerance compared to younger patients and therefore the approach to care should be more vigilant. As a health care worker, it would be appropriate to approach Mr.P’s situation in a gentle method as evidenced that considerate therapeutic involvement would not only have a major physical influence on the patient, but it may be emotionally effective because Mr. P. is already depressed. Mr. P would also be benefit from a multimodal care approach that is based on his financial, physical, spiritual and emotional perspective due to the fact that he and his wife are unable to manage the situation by them, overwhelmed by the burdens imposed...
Words: 687 - Pages: 3
