...over the telephone, and overlooked changes in status.1 Lack of communication creates situations where medical errors can occur. These errors have the potential to cause severe injury or unexpected patient death. Medical errors, especially those caused by a failure to communicate, are a pervasive problem in today’s health care organizations. According to the Joint Commission (formerly the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations, JCHAO), if medical errors appeared on the National Center for Health Statistic’s list of the top 10 causes of death in the United States, they would rank number 5—ahead of accidents, diabetes, and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as AIDS, breast cancer, and gunshot wounds.1 The 1999 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System, revealed that between 44,000 and 98,000 people die every year in U.S. hospitals because of medical errors.2 Even more disturbing, communication failures are the leading root cause of the sentinel events reported to the Joint Commission from 1995 to 2004. More...
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...Plants and gardens have a greater purpose than simply to be an eye catching source of food. While mainstream medicine largely continues to deny the inherent healing capacity of natural plants and herbs, the insect world is abuzz with activities that confirm the plant world to be nature's medicine cabinet. According to a new study published in the journal Ecology Letters, the Monarch butterfly routinely uses medicinal plants to help its offspring resist disease and infection. Researchers observed that Monarch butterflies prefer to lay their egg larvae on milkweed leaves, so they decided to investigate why this is the case. They discovered that milkweed plants contain vital compounds that help the larvae to stay healthy. "We have shown that some species of milkweed, the larva's food plants, can reduce parasite infection in monarchs," explained Jaap de Roode, an evolutionary biologist at Emory University, and author of the study. "[W]e have also found that infected female butterflies prefer to lay their eggs on plants that will make their offspring less sick." There are many types of milkweed plants, and some contain very high levels of cardenolides. Cardenolides are toxic to predators, but safe for Monarch butterflies. So when Monarch butterflies eat milkweed rich in the chemical, or lay their larvae on it, they build up a natural resistance to invading predators. The same chemical also helps to stop parasites that can develop in the butterflies' intestines and kill them...
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...Personalized Medicine Na’Tasha Slade SCI 115 Professor Palaniswamy August 5, 2012 Personalized Medicine has great influence on the way we think towards identifying and managing healthcare problems and diseases. Personalize medicine aids in providing an in depth analysis of hereditary differences within genetically difference of people and also how it may affect the healthcare that they may need. With technology being modified daily the advancements in technology may improve the levels of personalize medicine by, giving details on someone metabolic, genetic, and proteinaceous profile that in the future be used to customize individual medical care. The concept of personalized medicine has broadened to include evaluation of your genetic risk of developing disease and determining how serious it may be as well as detecting diseases at much earlier stages—usually before you have symptoms. A personalized medicine approach will also tell you what medicines will work best for you, depending on many different factors, and reduce or eliminate the trial-and-error process of trying to find the right ones. A personalized medicine approach will better monitor disease and treatments and have a better chance of predicting outcomes of therapies and treatment approaches. Personalized medicine usually involves a combination of genetic testing (to determine propensity for certain diseases); suggestions for lifestyle changes; detection of diseases at the molecular level; and customized...
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...the medical profession. The sociology of health and illness is concerned with the social origins of and influence on disease rather than exploring its organic manifestation in individual bodies. The sociology of medicine is concerned with exploring the social, historical and cultural reasons for the rise of medicine particularly the bio-medicine model in the definition and treatment of illness. A more refined version of this common sense view underlies the long standing bio-medical model of disease based on the following assumptions. Firstly that disease is an organic condition and non-organic factors associated with the human mind are considered unimportant or are ignored altogether in the search for biological causes of pathological symptoms. Secondly that disease is a temporarily an organic state that can be eradicated and cured by medical intervention. Disease is experienced by a sick individual who then becomes the object of treatment. Disease is therefore treated after the symptoms appear and the application of medicine is a reactive healing process. It I treated in a medical environment in a surgery or hospital away from the site where the symptoms first appeared. During the course of this, scientific medicine has efficiently displaced folk or lay medicine. Modernity is about expertise not tradition. Rather though scientific and technical regulation of the body than mistaken...
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...Due: 7-11-11 The serenity of Caribbean waters or the rich culture of European countries all take me to a place far from the monotonous day to day routine of life. The mere thought of getting away from it all immediately brings calmness to my spirit and a recharge to my battery. Travel carries a universal theme of being therapeutic and has often been noted as one of the best forms of medicine. Therapy is played out by the simple idea of being in a place outside the norm, taking time to rejuvenate with rest and relaxation and creating lasting memories to draw from for those times when travel is needed but not warranted. These are instances where getting away may not be conducive to a persons schedule or budget and memories then become priceless commodities that can be pulled out at any given time. There are millions of places to travel to nationwide and abroad. Tourists are constantly seeking new beaches, museums, national parks and places that allow them to see and visit sites outside of their normal cities. Frequent travelers often take trips seasonally, annually or at will if money is no issue. However, the average consumer may simply look for outlets to relieve stress and places that allow them to do so. Taking a vacation does not necessarily have to constitute flying clear across the country just to get away. Going to a place that you have never visited before could be medicinal therapy in and of itself if it allows a break in routine. Rest and relaxation are two...
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...Personalized Medicine SCI 115 Abstract Personalized medicine is a healthcare field that deals with the different and unique genomic, genetic, clinical, and environmental information of each person. Personalized medicine is based on making treatment or prevention of disease focus on the individual and the factors that do or will affect that particular individual. Some of the advantages of personalized medicine are the ability to make more informed medical decisions, earlier disease intervention, and reduced probability of negative side effects. Although there is a large upside to personalized medicine and the medical advantages that come along with it implementation, there lyes the challenge. The implementation of personalized medicine is the largest limitation. Whether it is lack of push from the healthcare industry or lack of proven technology to properly diagnose individual patients, personalized medicine is very young and has a long way to go. Personalized medicine or medical treatment that is unique to the individual definitely has it advantages. Some of those advantages are the ability to make more informed medical decisions, earlier disease intervention. Laberge and Burke (2008) describe personalized medicine as health care that is tailored to the individual. They go on to say that (Laberge and Burke 2008) recently the term has been used to refer specifically to genetically-based health care. Some of the drawbacks to personalized medicine according to Laberge...
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...Running Head: PERSONALIZED MEDICINE PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Margaret Barnes SCl115-Introduction to Biology November 07, 2012 PERSONALIZED MEDICINE Personalized Medicine and Modern Genetics Technology: “Introduction” In today’s world DNA sequences are frequently and constantly improving, modern instruments can analyze DNA by the millions within a twenty-four hour period (Mader, 2010, P.178). Because of technology, these instruments have been made available now and in the future for the use of personalized medicinal products. This paper provides an overview of how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine, and to give examples two or more specific benefits of personalized medicine: a discussion of its drawbacks and limitations of the approach to human medicine. “Modern Genetic Technology and Personalized Medicine” Modern technology is constantly growing in our world, for us to understand how modern genetic technology may lead to personalized medicine and the importance personalized medicine. Personalized medicine is the tailoring of medical treatment for an individual with the unique characteristics for each patient. This approach is a scientific...
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...Personalized Medicine Kenneth Weddle Strayer University Science 115 Professor Meri Stanec May 21, 2012 Personalized Medicine Personalized medicine refers to the medical model that entails the customization of healthcare. Under personalized medicine, all the decisions and practices relating to an individual patient are advanced using genetic or any other vital pieces of information. The emergence of personalized medicine has helped in the reduction of costs, time, and the rate of failure of pharmaceutical clinical trials, has eliminated trial and error inefficiencies in the diagnosis of diseases, and has aided in the prescription of effective drugs and averted those that pose dangerous side effects to patients. This essay explicates the manner in which genetic technology may contribute to personalized medicine, examples of the benefits of personalized medicine, and drawbacks of personalized medicine. Modern genetic technology has played an instrumental role in leading to personalized medicine. It has led to in depth understanding of the impacts of genetics in a given disease. The understanding of the impacts of the disease has helped in the development of personalized medicine, as practitioners are able to identify the correct prescription for different diseases. Modern genetic technology has also led to personalized medicine by helping practitioners understand the significance of genes in the normal development...
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...have been breakthrough and impressive. The benefits of personalize medicine are easily recognized. The major benefits of personalized medicine are early diagnostics and, medication and treatments are personalized to an individual for maximum results. Diagnostics use molecules to measure the levels of genes, mutation, and proteins that can be used in the provision of specified therapy that fits the patient health condition. (Science daily, 2010). Our DNA and genes can determine the likelihood of an individual developing certain diseases and how an individual can react to certain medication and treatments. With personalized medicine, medical professionals can analyze a patients genome and identify risk factors to intervene and begin a treatment plan that will best cure/treat/delay the disease of that particular patient. Personalized medicine can change the way professionals approach diseases and illnesses. It has the ability to alter healthcare to further fit their individual needs. Using the individuals genome, personalized medicine has become a future possibility. Personalized medicine is developing medicine, specifically for the individuals genetic makeup and therefore, the effectiveness of treatments for diseases is more effective for each specific patient. Medicine and treatments can be customized to an individual's medical care, to better treat that individual's specific needs. Personalized medicine will be...
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...In 1996, Clive Meanwell formed the Medicines Company whose corporate objective was to “acquire, develop and commercialize pharmaceutical products in late stages of development”. The company looked for abandoned drugs that met four specific criteria: 1) Required less than four years to get to the market 2) Required less than $60 Million to get to the market 3) Had at least a 65% chance of getting to market 4) Had the potential to generate at least $100 Million per year in sales In March 1997, the company got control of the rights to an anticoagulant called Angiomax which has been developed by Biogen but abandoned after test results showed it to be no more effective than the cheaper, entrenched alternative, Heparin. In December 2000, the Medicines Company received FDA approval for the use of Angiomax to prevent blood clots during angioplasties and by early 2001 had taken the drug to the market. The Value of Angiomax to hospitals Angiomax is a blood thinning drug, or anticoagulant which achieved Phase III clinical trials with Biogen, its pharmaceutical creator, in 1994. Upon trial III completion, further investment and trials for the drug were abandoned due to what was understood as marginal results and the forecast of high production costs. Its rights were later purchased by The Medicine Company who continued clinical trials, securing FDA approval and introducing Angiomax to the U.S. market in 2001. Heparin, is the most widely used prescribed drug for acute coronary treatment...
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...David Dubkov 24. Mar.2016 EAC 150 - Aleksandra Bida In the Middle Ages, medical knowledge was limited and remedies were not as effective as they are in the twenty first century. This is because the people of the Middle Ages did not have the vast and in depth knowledge of the human anatomy the way, we do today. They were not able to pinpoint the causes of most diseases, and as a result, were not able to cure them as effectively. People in the Middle Ages also had certain personal beliefs, which affected medical treatment. For instance, the people of medieval England believed that infectious diseases occurred due to the wrath of God because that individual was practicing unethical behaviour (Truman, Health and Medicine in Medieval England). Doctors of the Middle Ages even cured migraines by digging a hole into the skull. They believed that evil spirits were the cause of one’s pain and this was the way to release them. This method was ineffective, and was due to their beliefs, the lack of knowledge of the human body, and the use of unsanitary and dangerous methods of treatment (Trueman). The lack of knowledge stemmed from the fact that dissection was not commonly done. Nowadays, it is routine practise for a medical student to dissect dead animals and perhaps even a human body. This has allowed modern society to understand the workings of the human body on a deeper level. In this essay, I will explain how current day medical professionals have had more opportunities...
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...The future of medicine Thesis: The future of medicine holds advancements in medical technology that will greatly increase our longevity and quality of life. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Everyone in this room is going to DIE, what matters to each one of you is when and how your death is going to happen. B. Relevance: The answer to both how and when you are going to die will change dramatically with new medical technology emerging. C. Credibility: As a Pre-Med neuroscience student, I’ve been very interested in the up and coming technology in medicine. In fact, this summer I studied in Germany learning about brain computer interfaces, but I will get more into that later. D. Thesis: (What matters to each one of you is that) the future of medicine holds incredible technological advancements that will greatly increase our longevity and quality of life. E. Preview: In the not so distant future, medicine will tell you if you are about to get sick, or if any of your organs need replacing new ones will be grown with your DNA, and if you are paralyzed or disabled you will be able to control robotic exoskeletons to compensate for any loss with your brain waves. Transition: Now I know this sounds kind of technical and boring and you are probably thinking why do I care, let me answer that. Currently medicine is set up so that if you feel sick you go to the doctor, but by the time you feel symptoms, for instance of cancer, you have a later stage of the disease...
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...Professional Development of Nursing ProfessionalsThe Institute of Medicine report was done by acommittee on the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and released on October 5, 2010. After twoyears of research to better understand the consequences for nursing and the expected changes inhealthcare, the report outlines the future of healthcare in the United States. It points out that nursesare going to have a critical role in that future by producing safe, quality care and coverage for allpatients in our health care system. The Institute of Medicine report discussed proposals regarding”The Future of Nursing, Leading Change and Advanced Health in the United States. ("The Forum ofState Nursing Workforce Centers," 2010) The Institute of Medicine report will have a significantimpact nursing education, the nursing practice and the nurse’s leadership role.In the Institute of Medicine report four vital messages were established by the committee. (1) Nursesare obligated to perform their nursing skills to the fullest extent of their education and training. (2)Nurses should pursue furthering there education and skills to advanced levels. (3) Nurses should bepart of the medical team alongside the physician and other health care professionals. . (4) Nursesshould be a part of an operative workforce in planning, policy making, and assist with data collectionand information organization. ("Advising the nation/ Improving health," 2010)The impact of the IOMreport on nursing education consists of the...
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...Personal Medicine Pxxxx Gonzalez Strayer University SCI III Instructor: Professor Leon Li August 9, 2012 The Future of Medicine Every living human being on earth is susceptible to future disease. In the future, by screening a patients DNA, scientists and doctors will eventually be able to predict a patients possible health risk factors. By gathering this information doctors will be able to manage better healthcare outcomes for their patients. This information can be used to detect future major illnesses such as cancer, heart disease, hypertension and diabetes as well as other chronic and terminal illnesses. DNA screening will allow a patient to have important medical information in their medical file for illnesses that might otherwise not show up for decades. The Benefits of Personalized Medicine 1. Doctors will know years in advance if their patient will get cancer in the future. By utilizing this information, doctors can help to ensure a longer, healthier life for their patients. 2. By having a patient’s future medical information on file, the patient’s doctor can be better prepared to handle their patient’s healthcare, thereby possibly preventing a major illness from becoming terminal. 3. Personalized Medicine has a future economic benefit as well. In the future, as more and more people get their DNA screened for possible chronic and terminal illnesses. Doctors will be able to stop an otherwise fatal illness from progressing past the first...
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...Personalized medicine is a medical model that emphasizes and bases its application on understanding and using an individual’s personal information. This information includes details about genes, proteins, environmental surroundings during diagnosis, prevention, and in choosing and administering treatments. “Today, when people refer to “Personalized Medicine,” it is generally in the context of using genomics, the science of looking at all the information in the human genome, to tailor medical care to individuals based on their genetic makeup” (Chisholm, 2008). Three areas of technology are the key to making personalized medicine present in our healthcare system. One area involves new tools to decode the human genome (Personalized Medicine: A Vision for a Positive Effect on Healthcare). By mapping this, new approaches have been taken to understand and treat disease. “Cancer and cardiovascular disease are two areas in which genomics are showing promise for treatment advances, although challenges remain” (Personalized Medicine: How Will It Affect Patients?, 2011). The second key area would be to use large-scale studies that help link genetic variation to disease. We would also need “a healthcare technology information system that supports integration of clinical data” (Personalized Medicine: A Vision for a Positive Effect on Healthcare). This would enable physicians to keep track of patient care, to tailor treatment. Breast cancer has been a medical concern for years, and we...
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