...1. Map the likely evolution of BRICs. What indicators might companies monitor to guide their investments and actions? BRICs란 2003년 미국의 증권회사인 골드먼삭스그룹 보고서에서 처음 등장한 용어로, 브라질(Brazil) · 러시아(Russia) · 인도(India) · 중국(China) 4국의 영문 머리 글자를 딴 것이다. 이들 나라는 1990년대 말부터 빠른 성장을 보이며 신흥경제국으로 주목받기 시작하였는데, 현재의 경제 성장 속도와 앞으로의 발전 가능성을 미루어 보았을 때 4개국의 성장 가능성이 가장 크다는 뜻에서 하나의 경제권으로 묶여진 개념이다. BRICs 4개국은 공통적으로 거대한 영토와 인구, 풍부한 지하자원 등 경제대국으로 성장할 수 있는 요인을 갖추고 있다. 4개국을 합치면 세계 인구의 40%가 훨씬 넘는 27억 명(중국 13억, 인도 11억, 브라질 1억 7000만, 러시아 1억 5000만)이나 된다. 따라서 막대한 내수시장이 형성될 수 있고, 노동력 역시 막강하다. 더불어, 지난 2000년 이후 이들 국가는 정치, 사회의 안정을 바탕으로 지속적으로 고성장세를 유지하고 있기 때문에, 골드먼삭스를 비롯한 국제전문기관에서는 BRICs 국가들이 미래에 세계 최대의 경제대국이 될 것이라 예상하고 있다. 이처럼 BRICs 국가들은 현재 가장 매력적인 시장으로써 경영자들의 이목을 끌고 있다. 하지만 그렇다고 해서 이 국가들에 무작정 진출해서는 안 될 일이다. 즉, 경영자들은 진출 이전, 이 국가들에 대한 여러 가지 요소들을 잘 파악해야 한다. 먼저 그들이 살펴봐야 할 것에는, GNI, GDP, Purchasing Power Parity, 부채, 소득분배, 인플레이션 등의 경제적 요소들이 있다. BRICs 국가들이 엄청난 경제 성장률을 보이고 있음에도 불구하고, 여전히 이 나라들에는 극빈곤층과 빈곤층이 대다수이며, 1인당 소득도 아직은 미국, 일본 등의 나라에 한참 뒤쳐진다. 따라서 단지 경제 성장률만 봐서는 안 되며, 여러 가지 다양한 요소들을 모두 고려한 후 진출을 결정해야 할 것이다. 더불어 그들은 정치, 문화, 사회적 요소들도 살펴보아야 한다. 사실, 이 나라들 중 대부분의 나라들은 최근에 와서야 민주주의를 채택한 나라들이며, 아직까지도 국가 내엔 사회주의와 공산주의 시스템이 남아있다. 게다가, 여전히 사회 기반 시설도 부족하며, 치안 문제도 존재한다. 즉, 여전히 이 국가들에는 정치적, 사회적 문제가 내재되어 있고, 이 문제들이 언제 기업에 영향을 미칠지 모르므로 경영자들은 이러한 위험들도 모두 고려하여야 한다. 2. What are the implications of the emergence of the BRICs for careers and companies in your country? 1993년부터 2007년까지 중국은 해마다 평균 10.5%의 성장률을...
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...Assignment on “Meet the BRIC” Case Study | ITB 301Section: 3Spring 2012Submitted to:Salma AkterLecturerDepartment of Business Administration.East West University, Dhaka.Submitted byArafat Rauf2009-2-10-345Date of Submission: 28th March 2012 | Letter of Transmittal March 28, 2012 Salma Akter, Senior lecturer East West University Subject: Submission of Assignment on “Meet the BRIC” case study Dear Madam, I have prepared an Assignment on “Meet the BRIC” case study. It was an energizing experience throughout the semester and preparing this assignment further enhanced my insight about International Business. I hope that this report fulfils your requirements and your feedback is very much necessary to overcome my faults and lacking. This will help me in my entire life. It is my pleasure to carry out this assignment under your supervision. I would like to request you to accept my report for further assessment and I will be available to answer any question for clarification. Thank you for your sincere support. Yours sincerely, Arafat Rauf 2009-2-10-345 Table of contents Title | Page number | - BRIC | 4 | Economic growth of BRIC | 7 | Question 1: Map the proposed sequence of the evolution of the economy of the BRIC’s. What indicators might companies monitor to guide their investments and organize their local market operations? | 8 | Question 2: What are the implications of the emergence of the BRICs for careers and companies in your country? | 8...
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...Case Study The BRICs: Vanguard of The Revolution The BRICs, composed of Brazil, Russia, India, and China, are the future of the world’s most powerful economies and the current most accelerated emerging economies. Together they are home to nearly 2.8 billion people, about 40 percent of the planet’s population. They currently generate about 30 percent of world’s GDP. They have come a long way from the last 30 years or so, each one overcoming their own barriers and obstacles to achieve where they are today. They are all expecting to increase their income within the next 15-30 years exponentially, allowing for the economy to flourish and incorporate new markets that were otherwise less popular or almost non-existent. For example, cars in India and China were about 2 and 9 out of 100 people, respectively. They estimate that the total number of cars in both countries could rise from 150 million today to north of a billion by 2030. Not everything is positive however, there are skeptics who say there are problems such as the delusion that current trends will continue indefinitely and uninterrupted. That economic growth rates slow as the base of activity expands and advantages such as cheap labor or low-cost capital wane as growing demand increases marginal price pressures. That there’s always a black swan event, an unexpected, hard-to-predict impact that resets the game such as the internet, the collapse of the Soviet Union or the global financial crisis. Despite ever-present...
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...investments and actions? BRIC companies are on the verge rapid growth of their consumer markets. History shows when consumer demand takes off when GNI per capita reaches levels between $3,000 and $10,000 per year.) In Russia there is already significant evidence of the growth of consumerism during the past decade. There are also early signs of similar trends in China and India, but they have yet to cross the threshold. However the BRICS stated that Russia middle class is showing rapid growth. It is expected that within a decade or so, each of the BRICs will show higher returns, increased demand for capital, and stronger national currencies. Thus, foreign firms will want to monitor major economic indicators such as GNI, PPP, and the Human Development Index, as well as developments in the cultural, political, and legal environments of those nations. The indicator that companies might monitor to guide their investments and actions is the futures of widespread poverty and distorted income distributions. What are the implications of the emergence of the BRICs for careers and companies in your country? The emergence of the BRICs effect on our country has some advantages and disadvantages, because it may create new career opportunities, more product options, and better price and/or quality for products because of competition. But on the other hand it may affect negatively the domestic firms more over it may cause some kind of monopoly as the BRICs taking the lead. Do you...
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... BRIC 2 Economic growth of BRIC 4 Question 1: Map the proposed sequence of the evolution of the economy of the BRICs. What indicators might companies monitor to guide their investments and organize their local market operations? 5 Question 2: What are the implications of the emergence of the BRICs for careers and companies in your country? 5 Question 3: Do you think recency bias has led to overestimating the potential of the BRICs? How would you, as a manager for a company assessing these markets, try to control this bias? 6 Question 4: How might managers interpret the potential for their product in a market that is, in absolute economic terms, large but, on a per capita basis, characterized by a majority of poor to very poor consumers? 6 Question 5: In the event that the BRICs fail to meet projected performance, what would be some of the implications for international business? 6 Question 6: Compare and contrast the merits of GNI per capita versus the idea of purchasing power parity, human development, and green economics as indicators of economic potential in Brazil, Russia, China, and India. 7 Conclusion 8 Reference 9 “BRIC” BRIC is a grouping acronym that refers to the countries of Brazil. Russia. India and China, which are all deemed to be at a similar stage of newly advanced economic development. It is typically rendered as "the BRICs" or "the BRIC countries" or "the BRIC economies" or alternatively as the "Big Four" BRICS is an...
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...The BRICs have developed exceptional growth in the last decade, rivaling the advance economies. The BRICs, coined by Goldman Sachs, consists of four countries: Brazil, Russia, India and China. These four countries are the fastest-growing markets in the world. The intensification of globalization has allowed these four markets to flourish. Even with the latest economic crisis, the BRICs are predicted to recover faster than the advance economies. By 2050, all the BRICs are forecast to past most advance economies. But, there are implications that hinder the BRICs full potential economic growth. There are distinctive factors for each of the BRICs that have helped gain influential economic power over the decades. The most influential and fastest growing market is China. China has been an isolated country both politically and economically in the world. It was not until the 1970s and 80s when China brought about economic reform. The main focus of these reforms was to change the economy away from the agriculture sector to international trade. These reforms allowed for China’s economy to flourish by opening its economy to the world for the purposes of trade and direct foreign investment. Since the liberalization of the economy, China has become the fourth largest economy with a growth rate of 9.5% over 26 years (Forbes). Its gross domestic product in 2009 was about $4.7 trillion (CIA). The second largest economic emerging country is India. India’s economy is controlled and...
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...BRIC is an acronym standing for Brazil, Russia, India and China. Although can be categorized by importance of countries, it would be CIRB which is China, India, Russia and Brazil. The BRIC are both the fastest growing and largest emerging markets economies. These four countries encompass more than quarter of the world’s land area and in 2009 accounted for more than 40% of world’s population, 40% of the world’s foreign exchange reserves and 25% of world’s GDP. The states, which were earlier, accepted to consider as developing countries of Third world, promptly become economic giants of the new world. BRIC: Brazil, Russia, India and China – four markets everyone with the unique features, but thus unites them the potential generated by changes in political systems of these countries. As a result of these changes there was a consumer demand, which is formed by 43% of the population of the whole world. In roughly developing countries of BRIC there are five of the ten largest cities of planet where concentrated the huge amount of capital and millions of consumers who are aspiring up on social and economic ladder. The term BRIC was included into a business lexicon in 2003 after the economist of Goldman Sachs investment bank Jim O'Neill described future economic picture of the world. In his opinion, by 2050 the economic capacity of these four countries will allow them to become dominating economies, and to surpass in scales not only economy of the USA, but also economy of all of the...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS Definition of BRICS 2 A Brief History 2 BRICS Goals 3 First Declaration – Information Technology 3 Second Declaration – Industry Cooperation 4 Third Declaration – Agriculture 3 Reasons for Emergence of BRICS 5 Review of Economic Performance 6 Other Current Issues 7 References 9 Appendix 10 (BRICS Economic Data Table) _ DEFINITON OF BRICS A Brief History In 2001, Jim O’Neil – an economist at Goldman Sachs – first coined the term BRIC and ever since then it stood as an acronym for Brazil, Russia, India and China. At the time, O’Neil was trying to predict where Wall Street investors could place their investment dollars. In their search for future high growth and therefore high profits within a span of one to two decades, O’Neil came up with recommending the BRIC countries as potentially good nations where to park investment dollars. In that same year, he went on to predict that over the first decade of the twenty first century, the economies of those BRIC countries would increase in a very significant way; so much so, that it would “outpace growth of some of the world’s largest economies” (Sharma, 2012). In 2015 his prediction is presently valid, but mostly for China, which has achieved impressive economic growth in the last few years, and for India, which despite its ambivalent economic performance and socialistic labor tendencies, it has managed to post some notable levels of economic...
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...Driving Through BRIC Markets Lessons for Indian Car Manufacturers December 2011 www.deloitte.com\in ons for Indian Car Manufacturers Contents Executive Summary Introduction Overview Brazil Russia India China Conclusion Appendix Sources Contacts 4 6 7 10 15 19 24 29 31 33 34 Executive Summary The BRIC block has emerged as the economic power house of growth for the automotive industry through the last decade. What started as an exploration of new/extra markets for car sales in the early 90s has gone on to become the mainstream market of the new millennium. Supported by attractive macro-economic factors such as growing economic activity, urbanization, rising household incomes, developing credit markets and very low car density, the BRIC countries currently make up for the top 7 automotive markets globally. The BRIC block has been strongly growing for over 10 years; with 3 of 4 BRIC economies surging ahead even during the 2008 economic crisis. So that prompts us to ask how the dynamics have transformed over the years. What were the major drivers of growth in car sales in the last decade and into the future? Is the current slowdown a blip or is it here to stay? More importantly, what does the growth dynamics in China, Brazil and Russia mean to the Indian automotive market? We offer our perspective on the impact of macroeconomic factors on car sales in the BRIC block between 2001 and 2011. Below are the key findings of our analysis: 1. Car sales in Brazil, Russia, India...
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...wealth management industry in India. * Research Design During the tenure of the internship we are going to use Descriptive type of research design. Descriptive Research, also known as statistical research, describes data and characteristics about the population or phenomenon being studied. Descriptive research answers the questions who, what, where, and how…. Descriptive Research deals with everything that can be counted and studied. The description is used for frequencies, averages and other statistical calculations. Often the best approach, prior to write descriptive research, is to conduct a survey investigation. 1. What: I am going to meet existing customer and also investors to get their view about the service of ING Vysya bank and to prepare the risk profile of them. 2. Who: The person to whom I am going to meet and to administer the questionnaire are the existing customers and also investors. 3. When: The administering of the questionnaire are carried out according to the discretion of the researcher on daily bases. 4. Where:...
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...Brics summit “The aim of brics is to convert their growing economic power into greater geopolitical clout” BRICS is the title of an association of leading emerging economies, arising out of the inclusion of South Africa into the BRIC group in 2010. As of 2012, the group's five members are Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. With the possible exception of Russia, the BRICS members are all developing or newly industrialised countries, but they are distinguished by their large, fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional and global affairs. As of 2012, the five BRICS countries represent almost 3 billion people, with a combined nominal GDP of US$13.7 trillion, and an estimated US$4 trillion in combined foreign reserves Presently, India holds the chair of the BRICS group. Due to steady growth in BRICS nations in the recent past their share in global output has grown from 11% in 2005 to 18% in 2010. President of the People's Republic of China Hu Jintao has described the BRICS countries as defenders and promoters of developing countries and a force for world peace. The BRIC grouping's first formal summit commenced in Yekaterinburg on June 16, 2009, with Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva,Dmitry Medvedev, Manmohan Singh, and Hu Jintao, the respective leaders of Brazil, Russia, India and China, all attending. In 2010, South Africa began efforts to join the BRIC grouping, and the process for its formal admission began in August of...
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...The Brics’ role in the global economy Paulo Roberto de Almeida In: Cebri-Icone-British Embassy in Brasília: Trade and International Negotiations for Journalists (Rio de Janeiro, 2009, p. 146-154; ISBN: 978-85-89534-05-5). ∗ 1. Where do they come from and what are the Brics? In demographic terms, BRIC holds the world’s two most populated countries and another two with considerable populations. China alone holds a fifth of the world’s population, and is closely followed by India (17.5%) and, by a larger gap Brazil (2.9%) and Russia (2.2%). Despite their large territories – Russia’s 17 million km2, India’s 3.2 million km2, China’s 9.3 million km2 and Brazil’s 8.5 million km2 –, the Brics differ from each other in terms of natural resources, level of industrialization and impact on the global economy. It is important to point out these differences, as definition as a bloc might lead to wrongful assumptions about the four countries’ individual current and future roles in the global economy. In order to be accurate about each country’s actual weight in the world, we should perhaps change the acronym to CIRB (but without the glamour of the name). Let us begin with China, which is the most continuous civilization in history – not strictly in terms of political linearity but rather in terms of cultural continuity. The country has a tragic contemporary history, marked by economic decadence, political instability, military humiliation and social regression caused by a deep degradation...
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...Global Business Research & Analysis 402 (SEC 103) Project # 1 June 8, 2012 Cover letter 7 Susan Street, Scarborough, Ontario, M1G1N6 Phone: 647-534-7155 cells: 647-534-7155 sugandeep88@yahoo.com June 8, 2012 Dr. Julie Nguyen Centennial College 941, Progress Avenue Toronto, Ontario M5B1M4 Dear Professor: I am happy to show you my research project on the topic “ Prospects of Canadian Trade and Investment with the Next Eleven”. In the research I have shown that the economic growth of the N-11 countries is likely to increase on a large scale in the years to come. Most of the major countries of the world are focusing on investing in BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) but they are least concerned in investing with the N-11. In my research i have shown that investing in N-11 can prove out to be very profitable. I have particularly focused the trade and investment relationship between Canada and one of the Next Eleven countries that is Vietnam. In my research you can see the raw and products that Canada is exporting to Vietnam. The GDP of Vietnam is increasing rapidly year by year. Canada export business with Vietnam is rising up as the time is passing by. Canada is exporting the products that Vietnam needs. I have attached my research project paper along with this cover letter. I hope that my project will provide some value and knowledge about the subject though it being my first research project. Thanking You Yours sincerely Canada...
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...Role and Importance of BRICS Bank Sudhakar Singh PGPSM 2015 National Institute of Securities Market The ‘BRICs’ acronym, in its most common usage, derives from a report to investors by Goldman Sachs’ analyst Jim O’Neill, signaling the new dynamic that four large countries; Brazil, Russia, India and China, were bringing to the global economy at the beginning of the new millennium. A conclusion advanced in the Goldman Sachs report was that the BRICs should be included in the G7 as their macroeconomic significance increased in the decade to come. From a global investment angle, the world has moved on from there to a wider set of dynamic emerging countries, including a number of fast-growing African nations, as more developing countries find their own way to catch up on growth, resisting world recessionary tendencies (O’Neill 2001 2011). The investor’s world of emerging markets has thus expanded beyond the BRICs, even as questions are raised about the sustainability of growth in the BRICs themselves, with their structural and political challenges and their vulnerability to the uncertainties of global monetary developments. (http://mobile.opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/123456789/3599#.VemUOn2MgQ0) The grouping was originally known as "BRIC" before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are all developing or newly industrialised countries, but they are distinguished by their large, fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional and...
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...Introduction BRIC is used in economics to refer to the combination of Brazil, Russia, India, and China which make up over 42% of the world's population. These nations are going to play a major role in the future of global economy. BRIC or BRICs are terms used in economics to refer to the combination of Brazil, Russia, India, and China. General consensus is that the term was first prominently used in a thesis of the Goldman Sachs investment bank. The main point of this 2003 paper was to argue that the economies of the BRICs are rapidly developing and by the year 2050 will eclipse most of the current richest countries of the world. Goldman Sachs argues that the economic potential of Brazil, Russia, India, and China is such that they may become among the four most dominant economies by the year 2050. The thesis was proposed by Jim O'Neill, global economist at Goldman Sachs. These countries are forecast to encompass over thirty-nine percent of the world's population. Goldman Sachs predicts China and India, respectively, to be the dominant global suppliers of manufactured goods and services while Brazil and Russia would become similarly dominant as suppliers of raw materials. Cooperation is thus hypothesized to be a logical next step among the BRICs because Brazil and Russia together form the logical commodity suppliers to India and China. Thus, the BRICs have the potential to form a powerful economic bloc to the exclusion of the modern-day G8 status. Brazil is dominant in...
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