...CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are small integrated devices or systems that combine electrical and mechanical components. They range in size from the sub micrometer level to the millimeter level and there can be any number, from a few to millions, in a particular system. MEMS extend the fabrication techniques developed for the integrated circuit industry to add mechanical elements such as beams, gears, diaphragms, and springs to devices. Examples of MEMS device applications include inkjet-printer cartridges, accelerometer, miniature robots, microengines, locks inertial sensors microtransmissions, micromirrors, micro actuator (Mechanisms for activating process control equipment by use of pneumatic, hydraulic, or electronic signals) optical scanners, fluid pumps, transducer, pressure and flow sensors. New applications are emerging as the existing technology is applied to the miniaturization and integration of conventional devices. These systems can sense, control, and activate mechanical processes on the micro scale, and function individually or in arrays to generate effects on the macro scale. The micro fabrication technology enables fabrication of large arrays of devices, which individually perform simple tasks, but in combination can accomplish complicated functions. MEMS are not about any one application or device, nor are they defined by a single fabrication process or limited to a few materials. They are a fabrication approach that conveys...
Words: 6684 - Pages: 27
...Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) is the integration of mechanical elements, sensors, actuators and electronics on a common silicon substrate using microfabrication techniques. MEMS are a hot area of research because they integrate sensing, analyzing and responding on the same silicon substrate hence promising realization of complete systems-on-a-chip. As MEMS are manufactured using batch fabrication techniques similar to IC technology, MEMS are expected to deliver high functionality at low prices. Current systems are limited by the capability of sensors and actuators, as these are bulkier and less reliable than the microelectronic circuit. In a MEM system the sensors act as the ‘eyes’ and gather data about the environment. The microelectronic circuit, which is the ‘brain’, processes the data and accordingly controls the mechanical systems, the ‘arms’ of the MEMS, to modify the environment suitably. The electronics on the MEMS are manufactured using IC techniques while micro machining techniques are used to produce the mechanical and electromechanical parts. MEMS Fabrication: There are number of methods to fabricate MEMS like silicon surface micromachining, silicon bulk machining, electro discharge machining, LIGA (in German, Lithographie, Galvanoformung(Electro Plating), Abformung(Injection Moulding)) .Only silicon surface micromachining is discussed here. Silicon Surface Micromachining Silicon surface micromachining uses the...
Words: 885 - Pages: 4
...Suite à l’analyse du cas, l’introduction de la gamme de produits « Cambridge » sur le marché me semble être une bonne solution afin d’augmenter les ventes de la société MEM. En effet, le groupe de consommateurs interrogé réagit favorablement à la commercialisation de cette nouvelle gamme de produits. En revanche, si l’on décidait de lancer une marque discount située dans le « mass group » selon moi cela risquerait de détériorer l’image de MEM aux yeux des consommateurs actuels et donc de réduire le niveau des ventes des gammes déjà disponibles sur le marché. C’est pourquoi il me semble plus judicieux de maintenir le positionnement actuel dans le « medium-priced group » en lançant la gamme de produits « Cambridge ». En outre, l’idée d’associer la marque « English Leather » à la gamme de produits « Cambridge » est très intéressante. En effet, selon certains cadres de MEM cela permettrait de réduire considérablement les dépenses publicitaires liées au lancement de cette nouvelle gamme. De plus, le groupe de consommateurs interrogé affirme qu’ils associent « English Leather » au parfum de leur jeunesse et que le nom « Cambridge » reflète notamment la tradition, le raffinement et la dignité. Si la nouvelle gamme de produits portait le nom « Cambridge by English Leather » cela rappellerait donc aux consommateurs leur jeunesse tout en leur faisant ressentir qu’ils ont évolué et qu’ils sont maintenant plus matures et plus raffinés. Ainsi, si l’on met l’accent sur ce contraste...
Words: 461 - Pages: 2
...Archives || Search || About Us || Advertise || Feedback || Subscribe- | | - | | www.networkmagazineindia.com | Issue of March 2007 | - | | | - | | | Home > Case Study | Print Friendly Page || Email this story | | | Getting closer to the customerOrganised retailers are employing IT to know their customers better. This was the case when CRM was implemented at Raymond. By Kushal ShahOne of India’s oldest textile manufacturers and retailers, Raymond India operates across cities and deals with different cultures and people. Knowing all these customers and doing business accordingly is not a cakewalk. To deal with this scenario Raymond India decided to implement CRM (customer relationship management) across most of its retail outlets. Know thy customer Anil Arora | Retail is all about knowing your customers thoroughly in order to serve them better. It is an age old philosophy of Indian businessmen that if you know your customers better, you can enjoy a better competitive position in the market. Before making extensive use of IT at its outlets, Raymond’s business used to run on a manual basis. In order to know its customers better, a team was formed to survey prospective buyers as well as existing customers. After surveying them they would know the pattern of their purchases, their likes and dislikes etc. This process was cumbersome for the surveying team and at times people were apprehensive about replying to questions related...
Words: 1205 - Pages: 5
...Fabfurnish Following my under graduation, to tap the taste of start ups and ever growing interest in marketing – I started working ……<framing this> The front end marketing analytics, where direct cum indirect interaction with the customers and their reaction pushed us how to increase the conversion rate and engagement with audiences. <need to frame this> Customer Insights – based on that taking further actions Launching the new campaigns on facebook and optimizing them on the key metrics like CTR(Cost to revenue Ratio),CPC(Cost per Click),CPV(Cost per Visit)– lowering the CRR (Cost to Revenue Ratio – inverse of ROI) bought down by 70%. Optimization was done on the basis of reports in which number are stacked up from Google Analytics and FB Power Editor to check the bounce rate and Conversion Rate Good with reports and reports making Engaging in Mobile as this was the time in India (late 2014) where mobile grew as a major player in the advertising industry and various different inventory of FB like MPA (multiple ads) and doing the category wise segmentation & performing the strategic group analysis which help in growth of 40% mobile revenue. - - -> key insight ran ads of those products which have low basket value (<1000 INR) since audience have more interaction for these products on mobile platform and thus increasing the funds in this segment and generating a 14 lac transaction in a single day through optimized reports * To show interest in...
Words: 1776 - Pages: 8
...Produk inti ADI adalah amplifier sinyal analog, dan konverter yang diterjemahkan analog ke digital dan sebaliknya. Dari awal di tahun 1980, komponen ADI digunakan terutama dalam militer dan produk industri. Kebanyakan komponen ADI rendah-volume atau kustom desain untuk aplikasi khusus. Keahlian desain signifikan diperlukan untuk setiap produk, dan margin yang tinggi. ADI percaya bahwa reputasi merek yang solid mereka adalah cerminan dari bakat rekayasa mereka, dan membantu mereka menjaga harga tinggi. Harga di niche semikonduktor analog juga menarik karena komponen analog umumnya mewakili sebagian kecil dari total biaya sistem. Mr Fishman, CEO Analog Devices, percaya bahwa dari harga dan profitabilitas perspektif, segmen analog adalah tempat terbaik untuk berada dalam semikonduktor industri. ADI menciptakan DSP yang termasuk amplifikasi, konversi, dan digital pengolahan semua pada satu chip. DSP menciptakan pergeseran dalam industri semikonduktor. Pasar untuk digital dan analog komponen, sekali berbeda, mulai tumpang tindih. Pembuat komponen sebelumnya semua-digital mulai menjual produk dengan fungsi analog. Pengelola ADI mengalami pertumbuhan spektakuler di akhir tahun 90an, hingga tahun 2000, didorong oleh ledakan investasi di Internet. Produk mereka berada di jantung banyak perangkat internet, seperti modem PC dan asynchronous digital subscriber line (ADSL) switch. ADI juga diproduksi komponen ponsel dan nirkabel peralatan infrastruktur...
Words: 255 - Pages: 2
...oo Visual Communication Assignment ------------------------------------------------- Summer 2014 Techincal Writing Courtney Evans @029644291 Memorandum To: Fall 2014 Technical Writing students From: Courtney Evans @02644291 Subject: Visual Communication Assignment Date: July 21, 2014 Introduction All students in the fall technical writing course at Howard University are required to learn about visual communications. In order to gain a better understanding, I will be providing you with tips and other useful information. The purpose of this memo is to discuss the proper use and integration of visual aids and designs in text. Visual Aids Visual aids can help you understand and reach objectives by providing visual emphasis on what is being said. They emphasize focal points and convey information using graphics to facilitate understanding. Psychologist Jerome Bruner of New York University notes in Power of Visual Communication (2004), “people remember ten percent of what they hear and twenty percent of what they read, but about eighty percent of what they see and do.” Visual aids are useful because they help you to be able to grasp your audience’s attention. Designing Visual Aids According to the McGraw-Hill Publishing Company (2004), there are six guidelines to adhere by to ensure you design effective visual aids. 1. Plan and Prepare Visuals Aids in Advance Visual Aids take time to develop...
Words: 1851 - Pages: 8
...Mem fox Quick facts • She was born on march 5 1946 Melbourne Australia • went to Africa when she was six • she got bullied in school • she is currently 68 years of age Early life Family Her mums name is Nancy and her dads name is Wilfred. Both her parents were missionaries. Her dad was the director of teaching training school, on hope fountain mission. Mem is the oldest out of the three children, all sisters of course. Her sister’s names are Jan and Alison. Schools When she was six she went to Africa. She went to an African school called “Mission school”. She was the only white person in her...
Words: 593 - Pages: 3
...no. 2-0018 Analog Devices, Incorporated: Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) From a conference room on the top floor of the four-story semiconductor manufacturing facility, Ray Stata briefly took in the view of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) campus. In particular, he noticed the building under construction that would soon bear his name. Asked how this particular honor felt, Mr. Stata responded with a humble shrug. However, when asked about the Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) business, Mr. Stata was willing to show considerable pride. Mr. Stata was Chairman of Analog Devices, Incorporated (ADI), a company which he co-founded in 1965. MEMS was one division. He had invested a tremendous amount of personal attention and energy to the success of MEMS – and risked his reputation. In fact, without his vision and dedicated leadership, this ambitious, entrepreneurial effort would have collapsed under mounting losses several years earlier. During one three-year stretch, from 1997 to 2000, Mr. Stata had decided to simultaneously serve as Chairman of ADI and General Manager of the MEMS division in order to keep the venture alive. In 2002, Mr. Stata regarded the MEMS business as a jewel. With worldwide technical supremacy that had been built over fifteen years, the business was profitable, and the long-term growth prospects appeared tremendous. Still, he readily acknowledged that many of his colleagues disagreed with his assessment that the business was an unqualified...
Words: 9773 - Pages: 40
...management control system case analysis solution and analysis Analog Devices, Incorporated: Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) From a conference room on the top floor of the four-story semiconductor manufacturing facility, Ray Stata briefly took in the view of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) campus. In particular, he noticed the building under construction that would soon bear his name. Asked how this particular honor felt, Mr. Stata responded with a humble shrug. However, when asked about the Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) business, Mr. Stata was willing to show considerable pride. Mr. Stata was Chairman of Analog Devices, Incorporated (ADI), a company which he co-founded in 1965. MEMS was one division. He had invested a tremendous amount of personal attention and energy to the success of MEMS – and risked his reputation. In fact, without his vision and dedicated leadership, this ambitious, entrepreneurial effort would have collapsed under mounting losses several years earlier. During one three-year stretch, from 1997 to 2000, Mr. Stata had decided to simultaneously serve as Chairman of ADI and General Manager of the MEMS division in order to keep the venture alive. In 2002, Mr. Stata regarded the MEMS business as a jewel. With worldwide technical supremacy that had been built over fifteen years, the business was profitable, and the long-term growth prospects appeared tremendous. Still, he readily acknowledged that many...
Words: 278 - Pages: 2
...STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT What is strategic management? Strategic management can be used to determine mission, vision, values, goals, objectives, roles and responsibilities, timelines, etc. Top of Category What is strategic planning? Strategic planning is a management tool, period. As with any management tool, it is used for one purpose only: to help an organization do a better job - to focus its energy, to ensure that members of the organization are working toward the same goals, to assess and adjust the organization's direction in response to a changing environment. In short, strategic planning is a disciplined effort to produce fundamental decisions and actions that shape and guide what an organization is, what it does, and why it does it, with a focus on the future. (Adapted from Bryson's Strategic Planning in Public and Nonprofit Organizations). A word by word dissection of this definition provides the key elements that underlie the meaning and success of a strategic planning process: The process is strategic because it involves preparing the best way to respond to the circumstances of the organization's environment, whether or not its circumstances are known in advance; nonprofits often must respond to dynamic and even hostile environments. Being strategic, then, means being clearr bout the organization's objectives, being aware of the organization's resources, and incorporating both into being consciously responsive to a dynamic environment. The process is about planning...
Words: 2416 - Pages: 10
...Chapter Six, Problem # 1 The benefits of keeping the business as a sole proprietorship are that the revenue will only be taxed twice, that the proprietor will be in whole control of the business, and that there are less laws and guidelines shake sole proprietorships. The disadvantages of keeping the business as a sole proprietorship are that the owner will have full legal responsibility for any responsibilities the business incurs, that the owner cannot go to the open to raise assets via trade equity of business, and that if the owners dies, the business will finish to leaving. That is contrary to a Corporation the owner done have this liability issues as a sole proprietor, corporation safeguard this. Chapter Six, Problem # 2 Drucker’s 3 question are the following: 1. In what department or area required an excellence in order to achieve company’s goal. 2. In which department, when underperformed would endanger the results. 3. Different value important for the company. Business 1. The case of export Company where it has different division which involves of accounts, export, banking, HR, administration and marketing. Each and every division or areas is required to accomplish company’s goal because all divisions are dependent. Export division is the most significant division, because it needs synchronizing as well as compelling care of all forms. So any difficult in export division would make complications for the company. In Export Company, it is essential to have...
Words: 1612 - Pages: 7
...1 QuickSMA – A Stock Market Analyzer for Open Office Calc Pavalanathan Priyanthan priyanthanuom@gmail.com Department of Computer Science &Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka. Abstract— OpenOffice application suite is gaining popularity after the introduction of a more improved version. The supremacy of open source software relies on its support for vast amount of extensibility and customization. OpenOffice.org provides such support through Extensions - which include Components, Add-ins and Add-Ons. This paper is a study of the process of developing an Add-On for OpenOffice Calc which is aimed towards analyzing stock market data. Index Terms— Optimization, Stock markets, Share prices Further currently there are no such extensions or features exist in OpenOffice Calc regarding stock market analysis or option pricing. But there are sophisticated software available for this kind of purposes and also few companies have developed some Add-Ins for Microsoft Excel. This extension is costless and is easy to use; hence will be useful for those who are related to stock exchange especially to the investors, investment advisors and option writers. The initial requirement was further enhanced to create an Add-On which allows the users to do the following: use the downloaded stock price data to perform Technical Analysis using seven important Technical Analysis indicators such as MACD, RSI, Aroon Oscillator, Stochastic, OBV, ADX and Simple moving average, generate charts...
Words: 2144 - Pages: 9
...no. 2-0018 Analog Devices, Incorporated: Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) From a conference room on the top floor of the four-story semiconductor manufacturing facility, Ray Stata briefly took in the view of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) campus. In particular, he noticed the building under construction that would soon bear his name. Asked how this particular honor felt, Mr. Stata responded with a humble shrug. However, when asked about the Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) business, Mr. Stata was willing to show considerable pride. Mr. Stata was Chairman of Analog Devices, Incorporated (ADI), a company which he co-founded in 1965. MEMS was one division. He had invested a tremendous amount of personal attention and energy to the success of MEMS – and risked his reputation. In fact, without his vision and dedicated leadership, this ambitious, entrepreneurial effort would have collapsed under mounting losses several years earlier. During one three-year stretch, from 1997 to 2000, Mr. Stata had decided to simultaneously serve as Chairman of ADI and General Manager of the MEMS division in order to keep the venture alive. In 2002, Mr. Stata regarded the MEMS business as a jewel. With worldwide technical supremacy that had been built over fifteen years, the business was profitable, and the long-term growth prospects appeared tremendous. Still, he readily acknowledged that many of his colleagues disagreed with his assessment that the business was an unqualified...
Words: 9858 - Pages: 40
...Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memmem Memm eme mem mdm emc Memm emem emmd memc Memmememe mm dmemc Mem mem eme mmd memc Memmem...
Words: 550 - Pages: 3
