...into the sediments. For each of the three lakes, sediment samples are taken from ten different locations within each of the lakes. The sediment samples are examined for five particular metals. These are Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Arsenic (As) and Lead (Pb). The purpose of this report is to find out what the level of each metal contaminant in each of the lakes and compare the level against Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality 2000 Volume 1 (ANZECC, 2000). Also to find the possible source of each metal tested. Results Table 1. Metals concentration in sediments from Knighton Lake, University of Waikato, 2000 | Ni | Cu | Zn | As | Pb | minimum (ppm) | 8 | 39 | 416 | 15 | 40 | Maximum (ppm) | 13 | 79 | 1515 | 25 | 170 | Mean (ppm) | 11 | 62 | 892 | 21. | 88 | standard Deviation | 1.65 | 12.32 | 317.93 | 3.27 | 44.23 | | | | | | | The Knighton Lake results when compared against the guidelines showed that the concentration of nickel and copper are below the trigger value and therefore are at an acceptable level. The results for the arsenic and lead are just above the trigger level. The zinc level however is at a very high level, its 484.8 ppm higher than the ISQH-High value in the ANZECC, 2000. Table 2. Metals concentration in sediments from Oranga Lake, University of Waikato, 2000 | Ni | Cu | Zn | As | Pb | minimum (ppm) | 10 | 68 | 1097 | 14 | 17 | Maximum (ppm) | 17 | 134 | 1895 | 29...
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...Do the disadvantages of copper mining outweigh the advantages of the metal to society? Copper is one of the most important, irreplaceable metals implemented in today’s society. It has an atomic number of 29 (29 protons, 29 electrons, 35 neutrons), a relative atomic mass of 63.546 amu (see Figure 1), a melting point of 1084.62°C and an electron configuration of [Ar] 3d10 4s1 (see Figure 2). Copper is a tough, ductile, malleable metal that possesses extremely high thermal and electrical conductivity. The fundamental reason why copper can so effectively conduct electricity is due to it’s delocalised electrons. Electrical conduction is caused by valence electrons breaking free of their atoms and moving around, and copper only has one delocalised...
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...Australia export policy and the South Africa. Secondly, the group leader will select the useful information to decide export production, location and form of the expansion. Finally, all group members start to analyse and discuss some special strategies of expansion. Stage 1 | Collector(Qinghui Li) | Collect relevant information and data | 1 week | Stage 2 | Leader(Tong Lu) | Disposal useful information and allocate task for all people | 1 week | Stage 3 | All members | Start to the report | 2 weeks | The aim of assignment is making strategies to expand BHP Billiton’s South Africa market. And we choose export aluminium to South Africa. The reason is that Aluminum is a widely used non-ferrous metal with demand driven by end use consumption in transportation, packaging, construction and household items. Meanwhile, South Africa is developing country and will need lots of aluminum to construct infrastructure. We can provide information about markets and industry trends in particular countries or regions, to assist in the development of investment plans, strategies or objectives. * We can make introductions to potential international partners, buyers and other in-market contacts. * We can supply referrals to service providers who can give you specialist advice, such as lawyers, business advisors and investment promotion agencies. * We can facilitate access to international governments and other relevant overseas decision-makers in the market. * We can advise...
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...Stents with Nickel Titanium are non-Ferrous. This is because titanium and nickel and titanium have no iron 1310 °C. This is a metal alloy as it is made up of Nickel and Titanium. This metal is shown as a shiny, bright, silver metal. The metal can elasticise and can re shape itself to its original shape. Nickel titanium has many uses as it is used in most medical areas.NiTi is used in dentistry when braces are put on a person’s teeth because its flexibility allows it to straighten teeth. Urea Formaldehyde is a polymer as it is a thermosetting plastic 132°C Urea formaldehyde is a polymer made up from a methanal Urea formaldehyde has a high heat resistance which allows plugs to stay in the socket which lets it function longer. Also it...
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...paper, leaving the residue on the impermeable substance/filtrating medium and the filtrate to pass through. | Dissolved solids in liquids Evaporation | If the liquid in the mixture is more volatile (boiling point is lower) than the soluble solid, the soluble solid will remain while the liquid evaporates. The procedure employs the use of an evaporating dish and a Bunsen burner. | Crystallisation | Another method of dissolved solids from a liquid mixture (solution)The impure salt is dissolved in water at a high temperature to create a concentrated solution.The mixture is then cooled and the salt crystallises, leaving the impurity in the solution.This crystallised slat contains much less of the impurity than before. The salt can then be filtered and dried.Sugar cane industry. | Assess separation techniques for their suitability in separating examples of earth materials, identifying the differences in properties which enable these separations Yes, fractional distillation can separate a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen because they have similar (but not the same) boiling points. Could filtration successfully separate sand from a sand-salt mixture? No. Without water the salts in the sand and salt mixture will not separate out via filtration because filtration requires an insoluble solid plus a liquid mixture, which in this case would be salt + water Describe situations in which gravimetric analysis supplies useful data for chemists and other scientists * the process...
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...RECENT PROGRESS AND ASSESSMENT IN CORROSION PROTECTION OF STEEL BY POLYANILINE COATING: REVIEW 4. MECHANISM OF WET CORROSION Corrosion may be defined as a physicochemical interaction between a metal surface and its environment that results in changes in the surface properties of the metal. Hence, the corrosion may lead to significant in disability of the function of the metal surface, the environment, or the technical system of which these elements form a part. Accordingly, corrosion damage is defined as a corrosion effect that causes impairment of the function of the metal, the environment, or the technical system. Corrosion is the result of an electrochemical reaction that requires an electrolyte solution and a metallic conductor between two separate areas with different potentials (anode and cathode). The formation of ferrous oxides (rust) is a well-known consequence of the corrosion process when iron and steel corrode, but many other metals are also subject to corrosion. The green-colored patina on copper and the white rust on zinc are other examples of corrosion products. The...
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...Marketing Management Report The Concept My concept is an end-to-end e-waste management company dedicated to environmental stewardship with advanced recycling technology, and to extract high quality metals by rendering innovative e-waste management solutions with fastest turn-around time from e-waste to economically viable metals. This company will solve and meet three critical needs: 1. It will give municipalities and companies a cost effective alternative to landfilling and rerouting the generated e-waste. 2. It will regularize the current fragmented e-waste management industry, which consists of collectors, recyclers, transporters, smelters etc and will provide end-to-end e-waste management solutions to produce economically viable metals. 3. It will use latest metal extraction and e-waste recycling technology to produce metals that will help to meet growing demand for environmentally viable metals. The recycled metals will be targeted towards electronics manufacturers, metal traders, and equipment manufacturers. Additionally, the company will offer a service to, e-waste storage and recycling plants by municipalities, sellers and manufacturers of EEE (electrical and electronic equipment). Currently, these municipalities and companies face several issues regarding the disposal of WEEE (waste electrical and electronic equipment). Landfills are filling up fast and current e-waste management solutions are not adequate to meet the ever increasing inflow of waste....
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...lighter, more flexible, and less expensive. Aluminium wire in power grid applications was very successful and is still used today. Wiring in homes and buildings is another matter. In the '60s when the price of copper skyrocketed, aluminum wire was manufactured in sizes small enough to be used in homes. Aluminium wire requires a larger wire gauge than copper to carry the same current. For example, a standard 15 A branch circuit wired with No. 14 gauge copper requires No. 12 gauge aluminum. When first used in branch circuit wiring, aluminum wire was not installed any differently than copper, and many of these connections failed due to bad connection techniques and dissimilar metals. These connection failures generated heat under electrical load and resulted in overheated connections. Most metals oxidize when exposed to air. Aluminium oxide is an electrical insulator. The aluminum in a slightly loose conenction oxidizes and over time will fail. In the late 1960s, the CU/AL specification was...
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...1. Give an everyday example that illustrates the difference between acceleration and velocity. Give an example of uniform and accelerated motion. An everyday example of the difference between acceleration and uniform motion would be for acceleration driving a car down a long straight road, the speedometer is not moving, the needle is on 40 mph, your moving at a constant speed, but the needle isn’t stationary on the speedometer scale because maybe your foot is either on the gas or brake and your speed is changing and your are accelerating. An example of uniform and accelerated motion would be a driving are car down a highway, accelerating to get to the speed limit which is 75 and uniform motion would be a car is cruising at 75 miles at that constant speed. 2. What determines the difference between scientific knowledge and non-scientific knowledge? What determines the different between scientific knowledge and non-scientific knowledge is that scientific knowledge is based on a body of techniques for investigating phenomena, acquiring new knowledge and integrating previous knowledge consisting of the data collected through observation, experimentation, and formulation and testing the hypothesis, basically using the scientific method to perform the results. Scientific knowledge is the knowledge that has been gained from analyzing evidence. Non-scientific knowledge is the gathering of information by people or institutions that do know use the scientific method. 3. Why do...
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...|___D__ Aluminum |A. Used to make “copper” pennies, brass, and nails | |___K__ Antimony |B. Used to make fertilizer, paper, film, matches, tires, and drugs | |__E___ Beryllium |C. Used to make phosphate fertilizer and is found in soft drinks | |___F__ Coal |D. Most abundant element used to make containers and | |__G___ Copper |deodorants | |__H___ Flint |E. Found in metal alloys for air crafts as well as emeralds | |___L__ Fluorite |F. Used to produce 56% of electricity in the US | |____I_ Galena |G. Used to make electrical wires, brass, bronze, coins, plumbing, | |__M___ Gold |and jewelry | |__J___ Gypsum |H. Used to make arrowheads, spear points, and knives; may be | |___R__ Halite |used to start a fire | |___N__ Hematite...
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...Pick-n-Pull Value Analysis ######### ############### Healthcare Financial Management ############## June 2013 Executive Summary This paper discusses the EVA analysis of Schnitzer Steel Industries and Pick-n-Pull Auto Dismantling Inc. as both a part of Schnitzer Steel Industries and as a stand alone company. Pick-n-Pull is better served as an individual company. As their own entity, Pick-n-Pull would be able to grow its number of locations, sell their scrap car bodies to the highest bidder and expand into additional markets without having to seek permission and wait for approval for funds from Schnitzer Steel. This paper shows the reasons that in my opinion Pick-n-Pull would be a much better investment as its own company without Schnitzer Steel’s ownership. Established in 1987, Pick-n-Pull Auto Dismanteling, Inc. (PNP) is a chain of self-service auto parts stores and is one of the largest recyclers of end-of-life vehicles in the industry. They have 61 locations currently in the United States and Canada and while many other companies are closing location, they are continuing to grow. The basis for the retail portion of their operation is simple customers pay their admission to the yard (admission prices vary by yard location), bring their tools and remove the parts that they need for their cars, vans and trucks foreign and domestic at a fraction of the price they would pay a dealership or even an automotive repair business. Pick-n-Pull keeps an online inventory...
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...Analyse du cas : Cumberland Metal Industries __________________________ Cumberland Metal Industries (CMI), l’un des plus grands fabricants de produits métalliques recourbés au pays, souhaite introduire un nouveau produit sur le marché. Ce nouveau produit consiste en un coussinet métallique, utilisé dans le processus de battage qui est supérieur à tous les autres produits sur le marché. Plus efficace et sécuritaire, il s’agit d’une innovation sur le marché par rapport au coussinet actuellement disponible sur le marché qui sont fait de bois ou d’amiante. Pour CMI, l’introduction réussie de ce produit sur le marché pourrait permettre de doubler les ventes de la compagnie, ainsi que compenser le déclin de certaines lignes existantes. Le principal défi auquel est confronté CMI est de déterminer le mix marketing pour lancer ce produit, et plus important encore, de décider du juste prix. Le nouveau coussinet de CMI offre un avantage concurrentiel en terme d’efficacité par rapport aux coussinets en amiante. Selon les tests effectués, les coussinets de CMI permettent une augmentation de la performance de 33 %. Toutefois, Thomas Simpson estime que ces résultats sont inhabituels et qu’une augmentation des performances de 20% est probablement plus raisonnable surtout qu’il n’y a aucune certitude que des coussinets d’un plus grand format performeraient aussi bien. Ce gain d'efficacité fournit une argumentation de poids face aux clients de l’industrie qui devraient influencer leurs décisions...
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...mines all across the world, drillers are constantly pushing to get their hands on a bigger piece of the market. Copper is an extremely valuable resource due to its corrosion resistance, high conductivity, and ability to alloy with other metals. The electrical, electronic, and communications industries account for the most usage of this attractive metal. The metal is also frequently used in the construction industry for water pipes and wiring. With such a global demand on construction and infrastructure, this resourceful metal has a strong future growth potential. The copper industry is very prosperous and has a solid future due to the growth in global capital expenditures and as well as the attractive properties. The copper industry is of strong interest of myself due to the fact that I am highly involved in the construction industry. I have a high interest in researching cleaner and more useful resources to use in new developments. The properties of the copper metal are of high praise because of its multiple uses within the building industry. Copper is used for gas lines, water lines, electrical wires, roofing, cladding, energy efficient heating systems, and even rain water systems. Copper is strongly encourage to be used in the construction industry because of its energy efficiency and usefulness. This industry is useful in my other course work as it provides a global spectrum of the worth of copper economically. It is a globally inspired multi-billion dollar industry...
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...Plan Construction and Deployment of Deep Water Oil Rig 6/12/2011 Keller Graduate School – PM595 (Oil rig photos, 2010) Table of Contents Introduction 2 Sources of Construction Project Risk 3 Systems to Address Construction Project Risk 7 Catastrophic Failure Fault Tree – Construction Crane Malfunction 10 Discussion of Catastrophic Failure Fault Tree 10 Smaller Failure Fault Tree One – Construction Crane Failure 15 Discussion of Smaller Failure Fault Tree One 15 Smaller Failure Fault Tree Two – Construction Fire 17 Discussion of Smaller Failure Fault Tree Two 17 Conclusion 19 References 22 Introduction To quote Anthony Mills from his article, A systematic approach to risk management for construction, The construction industry is one of the most dynamic, risky, and challenging businesses. However, the industry has a very poor reputation for managing risk, with many major projects failing to meet deadlines and cost targets. This is influenced greatly by variations in weather, productivity of labor and plant, and quality of material. All too often, risks are either ignored, or dealt with in a completely arbitrary way: simply adding 10 per cent contingency onto the estimated cost of a project is typical. In a business as complex as construction, such an approach is often inadequate, resulting in expensive delays, litigation, and even bankruptcy (2001). For this reason, this Risk Management Plan for the construction and deployment...
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...including system design, which is a complex process of studying the requirement of the end user, the market analysis as well as the development of the standardized component. Another researcher named Paris (1997) defined IBS as a system that uses an industrialised production technique, either in the production of component or during the assembly of building, or both. In addition, IBS is defined as a construction process that utilises techniques, products, components, or building system that involves prefabrication work, be it off-site or on site, under controlled environment, and being transported, positioned, and on-site installation with minimum site works. This definition is defined by the IBS roadmap (2003). Besides, other researches named Rahman and Omar (2006) have defined IBS as, the pre-fabricated components that are used to build a construction system. The components are manufactured systematically using machines, formworks and other forms of mechanical equipment. They are manufactured off-site and once completed, they will be delivered to construction sites for assembly and erection. While Chung and Kadir (2007) interpreted IBS as a mass...
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