...The metal roof on your home or business represents a substantial investment, and although metal roofs typically require less maintenance than an asphalt or wood shingle roof, it will require periodic maintenance. Just like every other part of your structure, your metal roof will benefit greatly from a routine preventive maintenance schedule. Proper Installation The most important aspect of owning a metal roof is the question of whether it was installed correctly. An incorrectly installed metal roof will require more maintenance and can eventually fail altogether. If you are in the process of having a metal roof installed on your home or business, it is in your best interest to choose wisely when selecting the contractor who is going to be doing the work. Any potential contractors should be thoroughly researched. You should also do some research on...
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...it with other companies, a whopping total of RM10, 000. Representatives from Honda and other companies also had the opportunity to visit these homes during the visitation period and help out the during donation drive. We would like to take this opportunity to thank all associates at Honda Melaka for donating generously to this cause. We hope to raise more money for the community and people of Melaka in the coming events. Below are some pictures from the drive. FOR A SAFER AND BETTER TOMORROW Honda helps improve vehicle safety testing for the Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research (MIROS). Road safety has always been at the heart of Honda’s vision of a safer world, with zero road collision. Hence why Honda is dedicated in identifying and implementing safety improvements for everyone on the road. This is now exhibited through the introduction and sponsorship of the MIROS PC3 Drive Track Roof Cover and the Soaking Room – two areas of improvements in making vehicle safety testing better. With these improvements in place, MIROS PC3 will be able to operate effectively without the hindrance of weather-related issues. Making vehicle safety testing more...
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...Izetta Clay 11/24/12 Prof: Jeff Ambrose ENG 100 Research Paper Hurricane Sandy's in KINGSTON, Jamaica KINGSTON, Jamaica Hurricane Sandy's howling winds and pelting rains lashed precarious shantytowns, stranded travelers and downed power lines Wednesday as it roared across Jamaica on a course that would take it on to Cuba and then possibly threaten Florida and the Bahamas. Sandy's death toll was at least two. An elderly man was killed in Jamaica when he was crushed by a boulder that rolled onto his clapboard house, police reported. Earlier Wednesday, a woman in Haiti was swept away by a rushing river she was trying to cross, in some southern towns of Jamaica, a few crocodiles were caught in rushing flood waters carried them out of their homes in mangrove thickets, showing up districts where electricity was knocked out, local residents reported. One big croc took up temporary residence in a family's front yard in the city of Portmore. Wednesday evening the hurricane's eye had crossed Jamaica and emerged off its northern coast near the town of Port Antonio, meteorologists said, but rain and winds continued to pound the Caribbean island, and hurricane conditions were predicted to last well in the night. It was the first direct hit by the eye of a hurricane in Jamaica since Hurricane Gilbert 24 years ago, and fearful authorities closed the island's international airports and police ordered 48-hour curfews in major towns to...
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...essentially water splitting in reverse. A fuel cell combines stored hydrogen gas with oxygen from the air to produce electricity, which powers the car. The only byproduct is water – unlike gasoline combustion, which emits carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. (SHWARTZ, 2014) The implications of this are vast, one of the areas that this will change in the next 20 years is that we will have a clean zero emissions way of producing gases that can be burn within automobiles. The Technology The proton exchange membrane electrolyzer also works in exactly the same way, by decomposing water with an electric current. The distinctive feature is a proton-permeable polymer membrane. An external voltage is applied to its electrodes, which are coated with noble metal. The coating acts as a catalyst and the water is therefore decomposed on the anode side. This results in the production of oxygen, free electrons, and positively charged H+ ions. (unknow, n.d.) In the experiment that was done at Stanford, they use nickel/nickel-oxide which greatly reduces the voltage required, in this case it was 1.5 volts. They have further gone...
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...it grows. It deteriorates the nutrients of the soil thus creating problems to farmers. Hence, the researcher would like to study if this grass can be a substitute as thermal insulating material. If it can be an alternative, this research would really give great help to many farmers. Objectives of the Study The main objective of this study is determine whether Cogon grass can be a substitute as thermal insulator as compared to other traditional thermal insulating materials. Specifically, this study aims to: 1. determine the thermal resistance (R) of Cogon grass as thermal insulating material; 2. determine the thermal conductivity (k) of Cogon grass as thermal insulating material; 3. determine how much heat (Q) trasmit to the layer of the Cogon grass per second; and, 4. determine how much is the temperature gradient or temperature difference per unit thickness of piled Cogon grass. Scope and Limitation of the Study The study will be limited only to to parameters involving computations for thermal resistance and other properties of Cogon grass, and determining whether it can be an efficient substitute to other traditional insulating materials for roofing. Parameters such as cost analysis, production, and installation process to roofs are not...
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...GREEN BUILDING GUIDE Design Techniques, Construction Practices & Materials for Affordable Housing RCAC GREEN BUILDING GUIDE Design Techniques, Construction Practices & Materials for Affordable Housing Principal Author Craig Nielson, LEED AP Rural Community Assistance Corporation Co-authors Connie Baker Wolfe Rural Community Assistance Corporation Dave Conine Rural Community Assistance Corporation Contributor Art Seavey Rural Community Assistance Corporation Design Dave Conine Sharon Wills Rural Community Assistance Corporation Managing Editor and Production Sharon Wills RCAC Corporate Office: 3120 Freeboard Drive, Suite 201, West Sacramento, California 95691 916/447-2854 | 916/447-2878 fax | www.rcac.org Published by Rural Community Assistance Corporation (RCAC), a nonprofit organization dedicated to assisting rural communities achieve their goals and visions by providing training, technical assistance and access to resources. RCAC promotes quality, respect, integrity, cooperation and commitment in our work. Copyright © 2009 RCAC. All rights reserved. For reprint permission, please call 916/447-2854. Disclaimer: The material in this document has been reviewed by RCAC and approved for publication. The views expressed by individual authors, however, are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of RCAC. Trade names, products or services do not convey, and should not be interpreted as conveying, RCAC approval, endorsement or recommendation...
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...NEED FOR WATERLESS COMPOST TOILETS ABSTRACT: Problem Statement – I have dedicated my paper to highlight dangerous model of sanitation system in our country. Approach- My Approach is a mix of case studies, surveys, research, analysis and findings done in a direction to reach an alternate solution that could replace present toilets. Conclusion- This paper concludes that Waterless compost toilet is the answer for today’s major health problems. Keywords- Toilet, Waterless, Compost, Low-cost, Sanitation, Affordable, Health, Pollution 1. INTRODUCTION We have to break the taboo on sanitation; Out of 7 billion people on earth 2.6 billion people don’t use any kind of toilet. That means 1/3 people on this planet go for open defecation. Even after being world’s third largest economy India still cannot afford toilets for 53% of its population. Every second person in India is defecating in open. Today’s flush toilets are expensive, it requires huge sewage infrastructure, uses immense amount of water. This is the reason why villages in India lack proper sanitation. Women in villages can-not delay their household work so they hold and walk, long distances to defecate. Doctors say the longer you hold urine in bladder the more infection you get. And the longer you restrain defecation intestinal difficulties start to rise. Also these women run and hide in shame of not been seen. Untreated human waste goes into rivers and streams. This pollutes water, soil, food and animals thus spreading...
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...ASSIGNMENT ON Date of Submission: 06.08.11 INTRODUCTION This report of Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) aims to assess ADB’s future role and operational strategy in the environment sector and will also provide input to the Country Strategy and Action Plan (CSP). This CEA for 2005-2009 outlines the environmental issues that are most significant to the Bangladesh’s economy. It will also provide background information on the environmental constraints, needs and opportunities in Bangladesh. Over the given period of this strategy document, ADB will be working with the Government of Bangladesh (Gob) for the improvement of the environment sector, wherein this report may be a basis for actions and/or intervention. This work focuses on the aspects of understanding the important features of the Bangladesh environment that need to be essentially understood. The purpose of the report is to present the findings of a review done on the environment sector. The review considered the ongoing and past interventions, legal and policy regimes and finally outlined the outstanding issues facing the sector. Objectives of the study It is well established that the process of land use change leads to the alteration of existing environmental conditions of any area. The specific objectives of the study were: 1. To identify the existing land use pattern of the selected area; 2. To explore the prime causes of land use change and its Effects...
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...2824 NON-ENGINEERED CONSTRUCTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES –AN APPROACH TOWARD EARTHQUAKE RISK PREDUCTION Anand S ARYA1 SUMMARY The paper first discusses some issues in regard to earthquake risk reduction of Non-engineered buildings, such as : Earthquake risk in developing countries and its management, the IDNDR – Yokoyama message emphasising on pre-disaster mitigation and preparedness, earthquake damage reduction initiatives taken such as preparation of building codes and guidelines and disaster mitigation for sustainable development. Then, the major causes of severe damage observed in nonengineered buildings in the past earthquakes are presently briefly and critical elements to be incorporated in new constructions are highlighted. Methodology for seismic retrofitting of stone houses developed, implemented and verified by the author in the field is introduced. Next, costs and benefits of earthquake prevention measures are indicated. Finally a practically feasible and economically viable scheme of earthquake resistant new building construction and seismicretrofitting of existing unsafe buildings is outlined. INTRODUCTION The non-engineered buildings considered in this paper are those which are spontaneously and informally constructed in various countries in the traditional manner without any or little intervention by qualified architects and engineers in their design. Such buildings involve field stone, fired brick, concrete blocks, adobe or rammed earth, wood...
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...unit 1 Water cycle The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Since the water cycle is truly a "cycle," there is no beginning or end. Water can change states among liquid, vapor, and ice at various places in the water cycle. Although the balance of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time, individual water molecules can come and go. Contents Description The sun, which drives the water cycle, heats water in the oceans. Water evaporates as vapor into the air. Ice and snow can sublimate directly into water vapor. Evapotranspiration is water transpired from plants and evaporated from the soil. Rising air currents take the vapor up into the atmosphere where cooler temperatures cause it to condense into clouds. Air currents move clouds around the globe, cloud particles collide, grow, and fall out of the sky as precipitation. Some precipitation falls as snow and can accumulate as ice caps and glaciers, which can store frozen water for thousands of years. Snowpacks can thaw and melt, and the melted water flows over land as snowmelt. Most precipitation falls back into the oceans or onto land, where the precipitation flows over the ground as surface runoff. A portion of runoff enters rivers in valleys in the landscape, with streamflow moving water towards the oceans. Runoff and groundwater are stored as freshwater in lakes. Not all runoff flows into rivers. Much of it soaks...
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...BUILDING GREEN - PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES BUILDING GREEN - PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES CHANDRA PRAKASH KAMANA1- V.S.R.S SARMA SALAGRAMA2 chandraprakashk66@yahoo.in svsrssarma353@gmail.com Dr. E.E ESCULTURA3 escultur36@yahoo.com 1&2: B.Tech Mechanical , G.V.P College of Engineering and Student Members, Indian Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air conditioning Engineers, Visakhapatnam Chapter 3: Research Professor, Lakshmikantham Institute for Advanced Studies and Departments of Mathematics and Physics, GVP College of Engineering, JNT University, Madhurawada, Visakhapatnam, AP India Abstract Sustainable development is a pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for future generations. A sustainable building, or green building is an outcome of a design which focuses on- environment friendly design, energy efficiency, water conservation, rain water harvesting, sewage treatment, recycling of treated effluent, zero waste water discharge, fire safety, excellent indoor air quality, day lighting, and building management including lighting controls by lux level as well as occupancy, and fresh air on demand. Air conditioning consumes nearly 25% of world energy and a major contribution can be made by this industry towards reducing global warming. We keep our homes and work places cool in summer and warm in winter. The sum total of all...
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...Research Proposal in Technical Writing Tropical Design: An Eco-Friendly and Energy Saving Design for Residential Structure Submitted By: Gutierrez, Shiella Mae DL. Submitted To: Mr. Jesus Escuro 1st Semester 2011 Introduction Background of the Study “Do not fight forces, use them.” - (R. Buckmister Fuller) Tropical design is an environmentally conscious design technique in the field of architecture or simply described as designing with nature. This design minimizes the environmental impact of the building by enhancing efficiency and controls the use of materials, energy, and development space. There is an attempt to preserve air, water, and earth by choosing economically friendly building materials. Tropical design could contribute to the environment through its sustainable properties which minimizes too much use of electricity by using the natural energy as alternative. This research is conducted because it is a proof that both man and his natural environment can live in perfect harmony. The tropical conditions in the Philippines affect the high temperature, and low air flow which affect on the comfortable indoor environment. With this design approach, it can contribute to a sustainable lifestyle and culture. Tropical architecture can be a solution in preventing global warming because of its eco-friendly materials used in construction and the design itself. This design is important especially for those who are living in the tropics like the Philippines...
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...The effect of temperature stress on dairy cows J. Praks When environmental temperatures move out of the thermoneutral zone (or comfort zone) dairy cattle begin to experience either heat stress or cold stress. Either stress requires the cow to increase the amount of energy used to maintain the body temperature and there is less energy available to produce milk. Thermoneutral zone is the range of environmental temperatures where normal body temperature is maintained and heat production is at the basal level. The ranges of thermoneutral zone are from lower critical temperature (LCT) to upper critical temperature (UCT). LCT is the environmental temperature at which an animal needs to increase metabolic heat production to maintain body temperature. UCT is the environmental temperature at which the animal increases heat production as a consequence of a rise in body temperature resulting for inadequate evaporative heat loss (Yousef, 1985). Thermoneutral zone depends on the age, breed, feed intake, diet composition, previous state of temperature acclimatization, production, housing and stall conditions, tissue (fat, skin) insulation and external (coat) insulation, and the behaviour of the animal. UCT is given as 25-26 ºC , LCT as a range from -16 to -37 ºC for dairy cows (Berman et al., 1985; Hamada, 1971). LCT for newborn calves is 10 ºC in dry and draught-free environment. LCT decreases to 0 ºC by the time the calf is 1 month old. Temperature-humidity index (THI) could be...
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...requirements outlined in the syllabus, a more detailed breakdown of the term paper grading is as follows: * Review of business formation, development, background and activities, including length of existence in Hawaii and a description of Hawaii-based activities (particularly if you are covering a national "chain" business): 50 points * Quality of analysis and thoroughness of research and discussion of the required topics, including the incorporation of concepts reviewed in the textbooks and use of any outside resources or research as you see fit (a minimum of 3 of the 7 topics outlined in the syllabus must be covered, the paper will be marked down by 50 points if only 2 of the topics are covered, and will be marked down by 100 points if only 1 of the topics is covered. Please clearly indicate which topics you are covering within the body of the paper by creating new titiled subsections for each new topic, see Example 1 below): 150 points. * Conclusion and final thoughts, which may include a global view of what you've discovered about the business, what the future likely holds for the business, etc.: 25 points. Example 1 (create new subsections for each new required topic as follows): Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Ethical or Moral Issues: Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Advertising Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Environmental Issues Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Term Paper. Each student will be expected to choose a business with a Hawaii presence...
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...Permaculture: An Old School, New Age Society What I knew: Prior to embarking on this research essay I had no familiarity with the term “permaculture”. Originally I was going to write on hydroponics but then I chose to go towards a much broader topic know as self-sufficient homesteading. I have always been one who took pride in repurposing what others deemed as “useless junk”. When I was younger I built a blacksmithing forge out of nothing more than a rusty brake drum, black iron pipe and an old blender fan. From that I pounded demented railroad spikes and horse shoes into beautiful works of art such as picture frames, coat racks, and knives. I have been hooked ever since finding ways to not only live, but thrive off the land by working in harmony with it. Tapping sugar maples to make my own syrup, hunting and trapping for food, clothing and income, and creating a hydroponic tower to produce my own fruits and vegetables. My goal has always been to live on my own terms and provide myself with all my needs through ingenuity and hard work instead of using currency. I had heard of self-sustainable living and that was what I was aiming for until I came upon the term “Permaculture” while surfing through some articles. It means living in a manner in which you coincide with nature and use it as a model to create sustainable cycles in which you can nourish yourself and the environment around you in a positive manner...
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