Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to curing by acting as proteinases that degrade the extracellular matrix and regulate the activity of signaling molecules and growth factors (1). Proteases classified into 4 types including serine proteases, cysteine proteases, aspartate proteases and metalloproteases based on their remainder or cofactor fundamental in catalysis. A metalloproteinase, is any protease enzyme whose catalytic mechanism involves a metal. Most metalloproteases require zinc, but some use cobalt. There are two subgroups of metalloproteinases: Exopeptidases, a metalloexopeptidase is a type of enzyme that acts as a metalloproteinase exopeptidase. The term "metallocarboxypeptidase" is sometimes used to describe a metalloexopeptidas. …show more content…
They are thought to function as an exotoxin, causing hydrolysis of collagen in the host cells and disrupting metabolism in connective tissues (12). Bacterial collagenases are quite versatile, being capable of hydrolyzing both water-insoluble native collagens and water-soluble denatured collagens(12). While much of the research with microbial collagenases has focused on a single species, tissue collagenases have been isolated and characterized from a number of different tissues in many animals. Since tissue collagenases are digestive enzymes, they are commonly isolated from the digestive tracts of various fish and invertebrates. Collagenase has more applications for treatment of particular diseases that excessive collagen aggregation can be disorder in their etiology. Collagen is the major protein of the filamentous extracellular tissues such as skin , tendons , blood vessels and cartilage as well as the organic component of bones, teeth, and the cornea that is formed the effects connected Tropocollagen molecules. Tropocollagen cross between soluble and insoluble strength will cause (13-14) . Soluble collagen changes to a more stable, insoluble form that can persist in tissues for most of an animal’s life. Two types of collagenas are known recently. The first type collagenases are synthesized by some microorganisms. For instance Clostridium Histolyticum, it is a bacterium that causing gas gangrene. It produces the collagenase that can degrade the polypeptide chain of collagen in over two hundred statuses. This enzyme hydrolyzes the collagen in the c-terminal bonds and formed by the peptide part Gly- Xaa -Yaa- Pro. In this way it destructs the connective-tissue barriers of the target organism and contributes to the penetration of this highly pathogenic clostridial bacterium this tissue metallocollagenases that are found in the growing and metamorphosis tissues are amphibians and mamals including the tumor metastasis tissue belong to the second type for