Internal turmoil was common in the 19th century, in both Europe and the United States. Governments and rulers struggled to keep their countries united as many called to make countries of their own. Some rulers made agreements with the rebels, while others fought wars against them to keep them from seceding. These decisions and compromises resulted in different ways, but a common factor in all the winners was a strong, decisive government, a powerful military, cultural unity, and
The United States had the most tumultuous experience with unification by far out of all the countries. Problems arising as early as the Mexican American War did not dissipate, partly because the problems were large ones, but also because the government chose not to …show more content…
Camillo Benso (Count of Cavour), one of the front-runners for unification in Italy. A military general serving under Cavour, named Garibaldi, joins the cause. He begins military campaigns to unite southern Italy with Piedmont and Sardinia. He unites southern Italy successfully, and he is halfway done with uniting the whole country. So he continues his military campaign. However, there are two problems. In the middle of the Peninsula, the Pope wouldn’t give up his Papal States. Attacking him would mean attacking Catholic countries, and Italy - still not united - was not ready for that. Also, Austria had taken over the land just south of the Alps, in Italian land (Image A). These two problems turn out not to be a big threat. Austria was very weak because of the war with Prussia, so they aren’t much of a threat beyond the Alps. The solution to the second problem was Bismarck. Bismarck attacked France, and as a Catholic country, the Pope could send military aid. This left the Pope without protection, giving Garibaldi the opportunity to swoop in and take the Papal States. Although Garibaldi incorporates the Papal States into his unified Italy, he leaves the Pope some land, called the Vatican. Despite Garibaldi’s work, all was not unified in 1875. The variety of dialects and difference of money between the north and the south made cultural, political, and economical unification