...1.0 INTRODUCTION The purpose of the current paper is to critically review the contributions that two of these studies have made to our understanding of societal perceptions, social support and how it affects breastfeeding attitudes and outcomes. (Kronborg and Vaeth 2004) Defined Social support as the mother's perceptions in relation to the support she receives from peers, family and the society at large. The first paper to be reviewed is written by (Leeming et al. 2013) and entitled 'Socially sensitive lactation: Exploring the social context of breastfeeding'. The second paper is written by (Scott et al. 2015) and entitled 'A comparison of maternal attitudes to breast feeding in public and the association with breastfeeding duration in four European countries: Results of a cohort study. The current paper will summarise the arguments, review the subject matter in both papers and compare and contrast the different methodological approaches taken by the authors with comments on the appropriateness of each method chosen. It concludes by a justified opinion of the subject. (Li et al. 2008), stated that discomfort with the idea of breastfeeding is one of the concerns for some women choosing not to breastfeed or incorporating shorter duration of breastfeeding (Stuebe and Bonuck 2011). Decades of research confirm the benefits of breastfeeding for infants and for maternal health (Cricco 2007) (Tarrant, Dodgson and Wu 2014) (Ingram et al. 2008). 1.1 ARGUMENTS (Leeming et al. 2013)...
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...BUNGE LTD. Analysis Team Shelby Bentley Nicolas King Jon Murphy Colby Norris Georgia Sanchez shelby.bently@ttu.edu nick.king@ttu.edu jon.murphy@ttu.edu colby.norris@ttu.edu georgia.sanchez@ttu.edu 1 Table of Contents Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………………..8 Company Overview ……………………………………………………………………….14 Industry Overview …………………………………………………………….............15 Five Forces Model …………………………………………………………………………16 Rivalry among Existing Firms ………………………………………………..18 Industry Growth …………………………………………………………………………18 Concentration …………………………………………………………………………….20 Differentiation ……………………………………………………………………………21 Switching Costs ………………………………………………………………………….22 Economies of Scale …………………………………………………………………….22 Learning Economies of Scale ……………………………………………………….23 Fixed Variable Cost ……………………………………………………………………..24 Threat of New Entrants ………………………………………………………..25 Economies of Scale ………………………………………………………..……………25 First Mover Advantage ………………………………………………………………..26 Distribution Access and Relationships …………………………………………..26 Legal Barriers …………………………………………………………………………….27 Threat of Substitute Products ……………………………………………….28 Relative Price and Performance ……………………………………………………28 Customers Willingness to Switch ………………………………………………….29 Bargaining Power of Customers …………………………………………….30 2 Switching Costs ……………………………………………………………………….…30 Differentiation ……………………………………………………………………………31 Cost and Strategy Importance …………………………………………………….31 Number of Customers …………………………………………………………………32...
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...Cultural diversity in Britain A toolkit for cross-cultural co-operation Phil Wood, Charles Landry and Jude Bloomfield With the current debate about ‘multiculturalism’, this study sets out a new approach to cultural diversity. It explores ways of unlocking the potential in diversity and identifies strategies to aid greater exchange between different cultural groups. The authors examine the connections between cultural diversity, innovation and thriving, prosperous urban communities, in relation to the economic, social and cultural mix of Britain’s population. They developed tools to harness the potential of diverse communities, and their powers of innovation, for use by policymakers, planners and practitioners. These include a set of indicators of openness to check the readiness of a city to take advantage of diversity, and the intercultural lens through which professionals can examine the familiar in a new light. The study evaluated six aspects of local activity: public consultation and engagement urban planning and development business and entrepreneurship schools the arts and creative industries sport. The project went further by helping participating cities to develop specific economic, social, cultural and planning policies and so to become role models for others. The study draws on local case studies and in-depth interviews with 33 intercultural innovators in seven UK cities, with comparative analysis also conducted in Europe, North America and Australasia. It is aimed...
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...2015 TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA 5/11/2015 2015 TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA 5/11/2015 SMARTPHONE BASED SERVICES SMARTPHONE BASED SERVICES LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL | May 09, 2015 Jameni Jabed Suchana Lecturer Dept. of Tourism and Hospitality Management University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of Report. Dear Madam, While making the report we come across many hurdles and pleasant experiences. But the valuable experiences we have gained during the period will undoubtedly benefit us in the years ahead. This report has given us an opportunity to apply our theoretical expertise, sharpen our views, ideas, and communication skills, and bridge them with the real world of practical experience, which will be a good start for our future professional career. We realize that certain information enclosed in this report is not imaginary but real and should attach academic interest. We hope you would find the report in appropriate manner. We appreciate your cooperation and we hope you will call upon us with any queries occasioned by this report. We have tried sincerely to comprehend and translate our knowledge in writing this report. We enjoyed this project work and gladly attend any of your calls to clarify points, if necessary. Sincerely Yours Group : GLADIATORS Section: B (7th batch) Dept. of Tourism and Hospitality Management ACKNOWLEDGEMENT | Completion of this task has made us grateful...
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...Transport policy in 2011: a new direction? RESEARCH PAPER 11/22 2 March 2011 This paper outlines the changes made to transport policy by the Conservative-Liberal Democrat Coalition Government and looks at some of the long term transport challenges the government is likely to face over the course of this Parliament. It complements and updates House of Commons research paper 10/28, Transport policy in 2010: a rough guide. Louise Butcher Matthew Keep Recent Research Papers 11/05 Social Indicators 18.01.11 11/06 Scotland Bill [Bill 115 of 2010-11] 19.01.11 11/07 Estates of Deceased Persons (Forfeiture Rule and Law of 19.01.11 Succession) Bill [Bill 8 of 2010-11] 11/08 Unemployment by Constituency, January 2011 19.01.11 11/09 Fixed-term Parliaments Bill: Commons Stages 21.01.11 11/10 UK Defence and Security Policy: A New Approach? 21.01.11 11/11 Health and Social Care Bill [Bill 132 of 2010-11] 27.01.11 11/12 Economic Indicators, February 2011 01.02.11 11/13 Anonymity (Arrested Persons) Bill [Bill 9 of 2010-11] 02.02.11 11/14 Education Bill [Bill 137 of 2010-11] 03.02.11 11/15 Budget Responsibility and National Audit Bill [HL] 08.02.11 [Bill 143 of 2010-11] 11/16 The Local Government Finance Settlement 2011-13 08.02.11 11/17 Legislation (Territorial Extent) Bill [Bill 10 of 2010-11] 08.02.11 11/18 Wash-up 2010 11.02.11 11/19 Unemployment...
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...concerns, and identify actionable items for discussion with Xerox’s senior team. The process ensures that the executive leadership team and the CEO are working together to resABSTRACT. Currently, an increasing number of organizations are attempting to enhance inclusiveness of under represented individuals through proactive efforts to manage their diversity. In this article, we define diversity management against the backdrop of its predecessor, affirmative action. Next, selected examples of organizations that have experienced specific positive bottom line results from diversity management strategies are discussed. The present paper also provides a conceptual model to examine antecedents and consequences of effective diversity management. Additional research areas identified from the model and literature review result in a number of research propositions intended to enhance the exploration and understanding of diversity management. To manage diversity effectively, a corporation must value diversity; it...
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...copyright 2015 This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk. Where we have identified any third party copyright information you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. This publication is available at www.gov.uk/government/publications Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at public.enquiries@hmtreasury.gsi.gov.uk Print ISBN 9781474122733 Web ISBN 9781474122740 ID 25061566 07/15 PU1820 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum Printed in the UK by the Williams Lea Group on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office The Budget report is presented pursuant to section 2 of the Budget Responsibility and National Audit Act 2011 and in accordance with the Charter for Budget Responsibility. The Budget report, combined with the Office for Budget Responsibility’s Economic and fiscal outlook, will constitute part of the government’s assessment under section 5 of the European Communities (Amendment) Act 1993 that will form the basis of the government’s submissions to the European Commission under 121 TFEU (ex Articles 99/103 TEU) and Article 126 TFEU (ex Article 104/104c TEU)...
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...BECOMING ZIMBABWE TEACHING HISTORY IN CONTEXT IN ZIMBABWE Miles Tendi Published by the Institute for Justice and Reconcilation Wynberg Mews, Ground Floor, House Vincent, 10 Brodie Road, Wynberg 7800, South Africa www.ijr.org.za © 2009 Institute for Justice and Reconciliation First Published 2009 All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-920219-18-5 Produced by Compress.dsl www.compressdsl.com CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 CHAPTER 1: Using history 5 The uses of liberation history in Zimbabwean politics • Historical context • ZANU PF’s ‘Patriotic History’ • Patriotic History’s detractors • What is Patriotic History? • The opposition’s use of history 5 5 6 6 8 CHAPTER 2: History in secondary and higher education 11 History curriculum development in Zimbabwe’s secondary schools and higher education institutions, and the implications for reconciliation, national healing and transitional justice • The growth in education since independence • History in secondary schools • History in higher education • A review of the NASS syllabus 11 11 14 17 CHAPTER 3: Teaching history 23 Challenges of teaching history in Zimbabwe, points of contention and consensus, and future prospects • Repression in tertiary institutions • Decline in secondary schools • National youth training service centres • Reasons for optimism 23 25 25 26 CHAPTER 4: Supporting history teaching 29 Supporting secondary and higher educators, and proposals towards learning sessions, modules and activities for history...
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...Chapter 2: Real Options Chapter Introduction and Objectives: Managers often overrule NPV based recommendations in capital budgeting on strategic grounds. Does it mean that the NPV approach is flawed? The standard DCF methodology assumes that managers make an investment decision and then see how the market evolves. In many situations managers can wait and then make a decision. The latter is an option - an option to defer or time the investment decision. Pharmaceutical companies, for example, frequently enter into agreements with small biotechnology companies and Universities for research and development. The traditional DCF methodology does not work well in case of such projects because of prolonged development and uncertainty in cash flows. For gaining access to research, the pharmaceutical company makes an up-front payment and a series of progress payments. These contingent payments give the pharmaceutical company the right but not the obligation to make further investments. Such investments are best evaluated as options . The chapter has the following objectives: • Highlight different types of financial options • Bring out an analogy between financial options and real options • Highlight the different types of real options • Introduce valuation of real options Consider a project that has a best outcome of $ 13 m and a worst outcome of $ 9 m. Each of these outcomes are equally likely to occur (probability is 0.5). The expected value...
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...GOVERNMENT OF ZIMBABWE Zimbabwe Agenda for Sustainable Socio-Economic Transformation (Zim Asset) “Towards an Empowered Society and a Growing Economy” OCTOBER 2013- DECEMBER 2018 Contents List of Acronyms......................................................................................... 3 Foreword ................................................................................................. 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................... 8 Chapter 1............................................................................................... 12 1.0 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….12 Chapter 2............................................................................................... 16 2.0 Situational Analysis………………………………………………………………………………………………………..16 Chapter 3............................................................................................... 26 3.0 Towards an Empowered Society and a Growing Economy:………………………………………26 Chapter 4............................................................................................... 45 4.0 Implementation Structure…………………………………………………………………………………………….45 Chapter 5............................................................................................... 47 5.0 Monitoring and Evaluation…………………………………………………………………………………………….47 Chapter 6................................................................................
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...Fayette County Schools Research Paper Survival Guide June 2009 (revised November 2011) Compiled by: Jillian Bowen, Joanne Dirring, Monica Dorner, Greta Jackson, Shery Kearney, Ann Richardson, and Cheryll Thompson-Smith Based on the work of: Linda Brem, Kathy Franks, Cathy Nix, Ann Richardson, and Cynde Snider Table of Contents Plagiarism………………………………………………………………. Plagiarism Statement - Middle School……………………………..... Plagiarism Statement - High School……………………………….... English Research Requirements…………………………………….. Middle School Requirements…………………………………... 9th Grade Requirements………………………………………… 10th Grade Requirements………………………………………. 11th Grade Requirements………………………………………. 12th Grade Requirements………………………………………. Frequently Asked Questions…………………………………………. Annotated Bibliographies……………………………………….. Citation Formats…………………..……………………………... Common Mistakes………………………………………………. Documentation and Plagiarism…………..…………………….. Internet and Databases…………………………………………. MLA Manuscript Form…...……………………………………… Note Cards…..…………………………………………………… Outlines…………………………………………………………… Paraphrases and Quotations..…………………………………. Parenthetical Documentation……………………………...…... Quoting Poetry……………………………..……………………. Research Papers..………………………………………………. Research Process……………….……………………………… Research Projects……….……………………………………… Source Cards..…………………………………………………… Works Cited Page……………………………………………….. Research Glossary……………………………………………………. Online Resources……………………………………………………… Works Cited…………………………………………………………….....
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... Preface Just as castles provided the source of strength for medieval towns, and factories provided prosperity in the industrial age, universities are the source of strength in the knowledge‐based economy of the twenty‐first century. Lord Dearing, September 2002 The words of Lord Dearing continue to ring true. The economic and social prosperity of the UK depends upon a healthy knowledge‐based economy. In our globally competitive economic environment, never before has there been a greater need for a talented, enterprising workforce, for constant innovation in product and service development, for a thriving culture of entrepreneurship, for dynamic leading‐edge scientific and technological development and for world‐class research that attracts investment. In collaboration with business, and with the support of government, the UK university sector has the capability to fulfil Lord Dearing’s vision: to be the source of strength in the UK’s knowledge based economy of the twenty first century. Universities are an integral part of the skills and innovation supply chain to business. However, this supply chain is not a simple linear supplier‐purchaser transaction; it is not the acquisition of a single product or service. This supply chain is multi‐dimensional, it has to be sustainable, and it has to have quality, strength and resilience. These attributes can only be secured through close collaboration, partnership and understanding between business and universities...
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...integrated sociolinguistic model1 LESLEY MILROY AND JAMES MILROY Departments of Speech (L.M.) and English Language (J.M.) University of Newcastle upon Tyne Queen Victoria Road at St. Thomas' Street Newcastle upon TyneNEi 7RU, United Kingdom ABSTRACT In sociolinguistics, approaches that use the variables of socioeconomic class and social network have often been thought to be irreconcilable. In this article, we explore the connection between these variables and suggest the outlines of a model that can integrate them in a coherent way. This depends on linking a consensus-based microlevel of network with a conflict-based macrolevel of social class. We suggest interpretations of certain sociolinguistic findings, citing detailed evidence from research in Northern Ireland and Philadelphia, which emphasize the need for acknowledging the importance of looseknit network ties in facilitating linguistic innovations. We then propose that the link between network and class can be made via the notion of weak network ties using the process-based model of the macrolevel suggested by Thomas Hejrup's theory of life-modes. (Sociolinguistics, sociology, quantitative social dialectology, anthropological linguistics) One of the most important contributions of Labov's quantitative paradigm has been to allow us to examine systematically and accountably the relationship between language variation and speaker variables such as sex, ethnicity, social network, and - most importantly perhaps - social class...
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...Public Attitudes to Nuclear Power and Climate Change in Britain Two Years after the Fukushima Accident Summary findings of a survey conducted in March 2013 Wouter Poortinga, Nick F. Pidgeon, Stuart Capstick, and Midori Aoyagi Working Paper 19 September 2013: REF UKERC/WP/ES/2013/006 This document has been prepared to enable results of on-going work to be made available rapidly. It has not been subject to review and approval, and does not have the authority of a full Research Report. 1 T H E U K E N E R G Y R E S E A R C H C E N T R E carries out world-class research into sustainable future energy systems. It is the hub of UK energy research and the gateway between the UK and the international energy research communities. Our interdisciplinary, whole systems research informs UK policy development and research strategy. Contact Details Dr Wouter Poortinga Welsh School of Architecture, Cardiff University Bute Building, King Edward VII Avenue Cardiff, Wales, UK, CF10 3NB Prof Nick F. Pidgeon, Dr Stuart Capstick Understanding Risk Research Group School of Psychology, Cardiff University 51 Park Place Cardiff, Wales, UK, CF10 3AT Dr Midori Aoyagi Social and Environmental Systems Research Center, National Institute for Environmental studies (NIES), 16-2, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan PoortingaW@cardiff.ac.uk PidgeonN@cardiff.ac.uk CapstickSB@cardiff.ac.uk Aoyagi@nies.go.jp 2 Contents Acknowledgements ...........................................................................
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... | | | |Student name: MARTIN RONAN | | | |Lecturer name: JOHANNA FAHY | | | |Module: RESEARCH PROJECT | | | |Course :BA Business Administration PT | | | | | |Date of submission: ...
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