How did each group become a minority group? Provide an example from each row.

Muslim/Arab Americans: Middle Eastern immigrants have been coming to the United States for more than a century. One of the largest groups among these immigrants consists of Arab immigrants from more than twenty countries. By the 1920s, there were about 200,000 Arab Americans, mostly Christians. They and their descendants make up a substantial proportion of today’s Arab American population. The rest of this group encompasses many recent immigrants from Arab countries, most of whose religious background is Muslim. These immigrants and their descendants have helped make Islam the second largest U.S. religion. Many immigrants have fled wars in the Middle East. Most have a strong sense of Arab origins and an inclination to be critical of certain U.S. government policies in the Middle East.

Asian Americans: Since the 1980s, Filipinos, Chinese, Koreans, Vietnamese, and Asian Indians have been among the fastest-growing U.S. immigrant groups. For key periods from 1820 to the present. Relatively few Filipinos, Koreans, Vietnamese, or Asian Indians immigrated to the U.S. mainland before the 1960s. Thereafter, immigration increased dramatically. More than 4 million immigrants have come since 1980. Most Asian Indians have arrived in the U.S. since the 1960s. In contrast, Chinese immigration has involved two major periods. The first began about 1850 and lasted until 1882, the year of the Chinese Exclusion Act, which prohibited direct immigration from China. Large-scale immigration did not resume until the immigration reforms in 1965. Today, the largest Asian-Pacific American populations are in major cities; Los Angeles, New York, Honolulu, and San Francisco lead the list. Because of past immigration barriers, most today are foreign-born immigrants or the children of foreign-born parents. Chinese and Japanese American populations have the largest third- and later-generation components.

Jewish Americans: Most early Jewish immigrants came to Atlantic coast colonies in the 1600s seeking economic opportunities denied in Europe. After 1820, central European Jews arrived in the U.S. in dramatically increased numbers because of declining economic conditions and increasing anti-Semitism in Europe, as well as in response to U.S. economic expansion. In recent decades a significant number of Israeli immigrants have come to the United States seeking to escape the stress and violence of the Middle East. And many Russian Jews have come seeking better economic and political opportunities. After the arrival of thousands of postwar refugees in the late 1940s, Jewish migration tapered off to an estimated 8,000 annually. By the 1970s, however, a new group—Israeli Jewish immigrants—were coming in significant numbers. Many were undocumented immigrants. By the 2000s, there were at least 200,000 in the United States. One contribution of Jewish Americans has been their stand for the Jewish religious and cultural heritage—and thereby for the expansion of liberty for all U.S. residents.

Anglo Americans: Although the English were not the first Europeans to come to North America, they were the first Europeans to colonize it in large numbers. By the early eighteenth century there were approximately 350,000 English and Welsh colonists in North America. At the time of the American Revolution, this number was approaching 2 million.7Migration to the North American colonies was heavily English until the early 1700s. Then the English migration generally receded to modest levels, until well into the nineteenth century. Nearly 3 million English again migrated to the U.S. between 1820 and 1950, most heavily between 1880 and 1900. The English migration to the colonies, and later to the United States in the nineteenth century, was one of the largest population flows in this period. The English were the first sizable European group in what was to become the United States and continued to be an important segment of the European migration until World War I. Between the mid-1800s and today, English Americans have been joined in their dominant position by certain other European American groups. The result is a more diverse Anglo-Protestant group, but one that still holds disproportionately great power.