...Logrolling is when a legislator votes in favor of someone else's proposal so in return they would support his legislation. Pork barreling gives benefits to constituents in hopes of winning their vote. Gerrymandering is drawing legislative boundaries in favor of a candidate, in order to gain more votes. A Committees role in law making is to amend a bill and...
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...Article 1 there are 8 sections. Article 9 talks about what Congress can and cannot do. Section 1-5 also put the requirements to run for The Senate and for the House of Representatives. The rules are in Sections 5-6. Congress's powers are explained in Sections 7-8. Article 9 talks about the powers denied to the Congress, They cannot deny the writ of habeas corpus, cannot spend money for a law to be passed, no biased opinions towards an states. Article 10 explains the power denied to states. Who’s in Charge of What? For the following titles you’re going to find out who has that position....
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...The Legislative Brach of the federal government is made up of two Chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate. These two bodies draft and pass laws that, if signed by the President of the United States, govern the United States and it's citizens. The bicameral (two-house) Congress emerged from a compromise between delegates from large and small states at the Constitutional Convention, which convened in Philadelphia in 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation, the first constitution of the United States. The Articles of Confederation, which had governed the country since 1783, left the national government powerless to resolve trade disputes with other countries and to prevent ruinous economic competition between the states. The delegates worried, however, that giving too much authority to the national government would result in the kinds of abuses of power that had led the colonies to break away from Great Britain. To prevent such problems, the framers of the Constitution gave most political power to the Congress, rather than to a single leader such as a king or president. The convention delegates disagreed over how to select members of Congress, however. The more populous states, such as Virginia and Pennsylvania, wanted power in the legislature that reflected their population and wealth. They favored a system that assigned congressional seats based on the number of residents in each state. Smaller states, such as New Jersey and Connecticut, feared that their...
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...The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature that was created with the Connecticut Compromise during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. There are two chambers, the House and the Senate, that are directly elected by the people. The role of Congress is to make law. The House creates tax bills and votes to impeach, while the Senate approves treaties, appointments, and votes to convict the impeached. The Senate is considered the “upper house” because it is more exclusive as there are only 100 members as compared to 435 members of the House. To be a Senator, one must be thirty years of age and a U.S. citizen for at least nine years. House members must be twenty-five years of age and a citizen for only seven years. Another reason the Senate more exclusive is that their term is six years long, but members of the House are up for re-election every two years. Although the Congress is comprised mostly of white males, the number of women, African Americans, and Latinos has increased dramatically since 1991. Each chamber in Congress greatly differs in the people they represent. Members of the House are elected from districts that are apportioned according to how many people live in the area, while there are two Senators from each state regardless of the population of that state. Members of the House usually deal more with local issues, because their constituents are from a specific area, usually relatively small compared to the size of the state. Senators tend to tackle more...
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...* Question 1 0 out of 1 points | | | Only the Senate can impeach civil officers, who are tried by the House of Representatives.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | True | Correct Answer: | False | | | | | * Question 2 0 out of 1 points | | | How many presidents have been impeached?Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | Three | Correct Answer: | Two | | | | | * Question 3 0 out of 1 points | | | In recent years, Congress has expressed its unhappiness with Supreme Court decisions on abortion and gay rights byAnswer | | | | | Selected Answer: | refusing to confirm new lower federal judges until the Court reverses its decision. | Correct Answer: | attempting to alter the Court's jurisdiction. | | | | | * Question 4 0 out of 1 points | | | According to the Constitution, apportionment and redistricting must occur everyAnswer | | | | | Selected Answer: | four years. | Correct Answer: | ten years. | | | | | * Question 5 0 out of 1 points | | | Logrolling is another term for vote trading.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | False | Correct Answer: | True | | | | | * Question 6 0 out of 1 points | | | The official chair of the Senate is the _____.Answer | | | | | Selected Answer: | Speaker | Correct Answer: | president pro tempore | | | | | * Question 7 0 out of 1 points | | | Redrawing...
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...There are 535 members in Congress. 2) The minimum age of House member is 25 years. For Senate, this number is 30 years. 3) The dominant prior occupations of most Congress members are law and business. 4) Women are underrepresented in Congress due to sexism and family burden. Women are not as likely to get nominated from the party as men are and have a harder time getting votes in elections. The majority of them also has to take care of children and therefore do not have time for Congress. Women are also less likely to take risks if the odds are against them. 5) Incumbents are members who are already holding office. In congressional election, these members usually win with the reelection rate of 90%. They provide stability in Congress. 6) The reelection bids for House favor incumbents. Incumbents in House are already well known with financial backing. In Senate, the odds of re-election are not as good as in the House due to a larger base of opposition. Senators also have less personal contact with their constituency. In order to win against incumbents, challengers must take advantage of scandals and the reassignment of incumbents into unfamiliar turfs. 7) Case work is the act of helping constituents by cutting through bureaucratic red tapes. 8) A bicameral legislature is a two house legislature. It applies for every American state except for Nebraska. Each state is guaranteed two senators, and number of representatives is decided based on population. Bicameral legislature sets...
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... ii. In primaries, people vote especially for a “person” (and his qualities, traits, etc…), and in general elections, this is sometimes true also. iii. In parliament, legislators can support their leaders or not, and if they don’t then new leaders (prime minister and various cabinet members) must be elected. a. This ensures that more action can occur, since the parties of the executive and legislative branches are practically always the same. iv. Congress is free from the turmoil of possible collapsing executive branches and is more powerful to make decisions; Congressmen don’t have to worry about easily losing their positions come another election. a. In Congress, there is less cohesion in bill passing, and less stuff can get done. v. Parliaments members usually engage in debate, are poorly paid, have little independent power, and receive little power as well. vi. Meanwhile, Congressmen are much better paid, have more power, do many things in committees, and have staff members of their own, thus “proving how important they are.” The Evolution of Congress 2 The framers of the Constitution chose a congress over other forms of representative gov’t because they didn’t want all power concentrated together, even if it was in a group of people, but they also knew that the states would want to be heavily represented...
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...There have been 16 attempts to reform the Canadian Senate since 1900, all have failed (Geddes, So Long senate). The Canadian reform is not a simple issue. The senator’s powers, selection and qualifications are all defined in the 1867 Constitutional Act, consequently in order to change the senate it requires a constitutional amendment. However, many Canadians perceive the Senate negatively without realizing its importance. The Fathers of Confederation, wished to confer five features on the Senate in order to play an important role in the way of governing and leading the country for the better. The five principles are independence, long-term perspective, continuity, professional and life experience, and regional equality (Jowel, 106). By applying...
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...presidential doctrine can be defined as key goals, attitudes, or stances for United States foreign affairs outlined by a President. Most presidential doctrines can be trace back to the cold war. The U.S. president is regarded as the leader of the free world because he is the commander in chief of the U.S. army. 6. Describe in detail the two ‘Constitutionally defined’ roles of the U.S. Vice President. 1. the vice president's duties, providing only that he "shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be evenly divided" (Article I, section 3). 2. "in the Presence of the Senate and House of Representatives," so that the total votes could be counted (Article II, section 1). 7. Describe the difference between Supreme Court ‘majority opinion’ and ‘Concurring opinion.’ A majority opinion can be defined as a judicial opinion reflecting the view of the majority of the judges while a concurring opinion is a separate opinion prepared by a judge who supports the decision of a majority of the court but for different reason. 8. Define the Supreme Court decision options: ‘Remanded’,’ Affirmed’ and ‘Over-Turned.’ Remand means to send a case back...
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...Parliamentary system. * To form a good information to the readers about the essence of Parliamentary system. SIGNIFICANCE * This term paper gives information to the reader about the system of Parliamentary Government. * This paper will benefit the ones who search information about the essence of Parliamentary system. III. Introduction Parliament, (from Old French: parlement; Latin: parliamentum) the original legislative assembly of England, Scotland, or Ireland and successively of Great Britain and the United Kingdom; legislatures in some countries that were once British colonies are also known as parliaments. The British Parliament, often referred to as the “Mother of Parliaments,” consists of the sovereign, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. Originally meaning a talk, the word was used in the 13th century to describe after-dinner discussions between monks in their cloisters. In 1239 the English Benedictine monk Matthew Paris of the Abbey of St. Albans applied the term to a council meeting between prelates, earls, and...
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...are there two chambers?) 1. Practical Reasons ▪ Came from the Great Compromise 2. Philosophical Reasons ▪ To keep power spread out and dispersed • House of Representatives o Representation based on population o 435 Total o 2 year terms o Seats are reapportioned every ten years because we get the census back every ten years. o Entire membership elected in November of even number years. • Senate o 2 Per state o 100 total o 6 year terms that are staggered ▪ Staggered means that only 1/3 of the seats are up for election in each two year election cycle. This is so that it does not change radically in one election. o This means one third elected in November of even numbered years. • Congressional organization: o Leadership – the political parties work through the leadership structure of congress because the leaders of the majority political party are, at the same time, the leaders of the House and the Senate. ▪ Leaders (know the top posts) • Leadership in the House o The speaker of the house- the person who is recognized in the constitution and stands second in the line of succession to the president, after the vice president. o Nancy Pelosi from 2007-2010 o Todays...
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...challenges and changing agenda( fifth edition) ,Britain have a democratic parliamentary government headed by a Monarch and Prime minister and on the other hand the US (America) has a Presidential system and a Federal government with power share between the National government and fifty (50) states government. Both America and Britain have a bicameral system. In Britain, the Heads of state and Heads of Government are different in the role they play in that the monarch (which is the queen) and also the Head of state is responsible for mainly ceremonial duties, the Prime minister (Head of government) looks after the day to day affairs of the government. Any decision that is made needs the queen approval. In America, the president carries out both the duties of the Head of State as well as the Head of Government. America has a written constitution whereas Britain doesn’t have any rather they have a set of laws and principle that deal with regulating the populace and running the government. America has a Congress with a Senate and a House of Representative that are separate from the Executive and...
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...either the House or the Senate. Strong criticism accompanied its passing, stating that the bill was “rammed through” the legislative process by the majority party, whereas the administration stressed the extensive, year-long debate over health reform and argued that the final bill represented a compromise of good ideas from both parties. I examine these conflicting claims, drawing on both books Heath Care Reform and American Politics by Lawrence R. Jacobs and Theda Skocpol, and Overreach by George C. Edwards III. My analysis proposes a more-nuanced balance between majority and minority party influence. I will also debate the nature of presidential power in the passing of this bill. In March 2010, Congress enacted and the President signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act- bringing to a close a year of active political debate over health reform, not to mention nearly a century of health reform efforts (Jacobs and Skocpol 2010). Critics claim that this bill was “rammed through” the legislative process by the Democratic majority party despite the minority party’s disapproval. Jacobs and Skocpol (2010) describe how “only Democrats were to be found among the 200 or so lawmakers in attendance at the bill signing” (pg.6). Along side this; Republican officials were filing lawsuits to proclaim parts of the law unconstitutional. This divided partisan reaction to the bill was not surprising considering that the final bill received no Republican votes in either the House or the...
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...UNIT 3C: REPRESENTATIVE PROCESS IN THE USA SECTION 1: ELECTIONS & VOTING Primaries: * Election to select a parties candidacy for president * Open primary: A primary for any registered voter, democrat or republican. E.G. Texas * Closed: A primary for democrats and a primary for Republicans. (Separate one’s) * Invisible primary: candidates try to gain support and finance in the year before the primary * Proportional primary: awarded delegates in proportion to votes they get * Winner-takes-all: Win the most votes and you take all the states delegates Advantages: * Increased level of participation from ordinary votes (30% in 2008) * Increased interest from people * Increased choice of candidates (14 in 2008) * Removing power from party bosses Disadvantages: * Turnout is usually low * Voters are usually unrepresentative of normal voters (tend to be wealthier, old and better educated) * Process is far too long and expensive (Obama in 2008 announced his running 332 before the first primary * Fails to test presidential qualities Increased importance of primaries: * Really the only route to become a parties President Caucuses: * A meeting for the selection of a candidate * Usually held in states that are geographically large but thinly populated (Iowa, North Dakota, Nevada) * Turnout is usually pretty low, and usual favour ideological candidates National party conventions: Formal functions: ...
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...Republicans are eager to shut down this Colorado gun bill. Here’s why their dream could backfire big time. Will police support of the red flag bill in Colorado increase the odds of it passing? Maybe, but Republican leaders won’t approach the topic. Assistant minority house leader Cole Wist, among others, is wanted by liberals to stop talking about taking guns and changing gun laws in Colorado. Conservatives fear that any threats to change gun laws will boost strict gun regulations later down the road - not with Democrats, as some hope, but with Republicans. Everett tweeted recently: “Another vote in defense of our civil liberties. No on HB 18-1436. Twitter will only let me tag 10 of my colleagues, but many more joined me in defense of your...
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