...device. List all the frequency components produced. - 1498, 1500, and 1520KHz 3.If a carrier is amplitude modulated what causes the sideband frequencies? - The non-linear mixing of the carrier and intelligence frequencies. 4.What determines the bandwidth of emission for an AM transmission? - It is twice the frequency of the highest audio frequency transmitted. The upper sideband is fc +FM where fc is the carrier frequency and FM is the modulation (audio) frequency .The lower sideband is fc – FM. The total bandwidth is 2*FM 5.Explain the difference between a sideband and a side frequency. - A sideband carries the modulation or "information". in old fashioned AM and FM transmission schemes, a carrier is broadcast in addition to the sideband(s). Only the sideband is needed to communicate. A spurious frequency that happens when a carrier is transmitted has no added "information" and just adds to the transmission bandwidth. Sometimes these occur by intermixing within the transmitter. a common example is CB splatter from overdrive of RF amps. 9.Draw a diagram (or indicate which text book Figure # shows this) of a carrier wave envelope when modulated by 50% by a sinusoidal wave. Indicate on the diagram the dimension from which the percentage of modulation is determined. - Figure 2-8 on page 77 textbooks 10.What are the possible results of over-modulation? - If this occurs, the modulated carrier will go to more than double its unmodulated value but will...
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...DeVry University College of Engineering and Information Science Pomona, California MODULATION IN THE BIOMEDICAL FIELD By JeanPaul Gagner Aceflyte99@gmail.com Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirements for Communications Systems w/Lab ECET-310 Professor: Mohammad Muqri April 20, 2014 Since the 1950s, wireless medical implant devices have become increasingly useful in monitoring, diagnosing, and adapting a person’s physiological inability to perform mundane tasks. While there are many advantages to these devices, the engineering behind them reveals many issues with the communicating ability of these wireless implants. With patient safety and comfort in mind, overall size and power requirements became an issue. Since the most sensitive parts of the implant are inside the patient’s body, surgery for repair and maintenance can present a risk to the patient and device. Cost is always an issue as well, so creating the most efficient, reliable, and cost-effective device is of the utmost priority. Possibly the most concerning aspect of the wireless design process is conserving power and reducing interference. Since most internal devices are self-controlled, they can limit their own operation according to the needs of the patient, such as a pacemaker. The power to operate these types of devices is supplied by external battery, or created by radio-frequency signals running through inductive coupling links. This creates...
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...Radio Frequency (RF) Interference Analysis and Optimization By Farhana Jahan ID: 061-19-342 Md. Rafiqul Islam ID: 061-19-370 Md. Mohibul Hasan ID: 061-19-373 A thesis report presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Supervised by Mohammed Humayun Manager (Network Department) ADVANCED DATA NETWORKS SYSTEM LIMITED Red Crescent Concord Tower (19th floor) 17, Mohakhali Commercial Area, Dhaka-1212 Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering DAFFODIL INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY October 2009 i APPROVAL PAGE This thesis titled „Radio Frequency (RF) Interference Analysis and Optimization‟, Submitted by Md. Rafiqul Islam, Md. Mohibul Hasan and Farhana Jahan to the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Daffodil International University, has been accepted as satisfactory for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and approved as to its style and contents. The presentation was held on 19th October 2009. Board of Examiners Mr. Golam Mowla Choudhury Professor and Head Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Daffodil International University ---------------------(Chairman) Dr. M. Lutfar Rahman Dean & Professor Faculty of Science and Information Technology Daffodil International University ---------------------(Member) A K M Fazlul...
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...THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Microwave Range Finder ERG 4920BD - Thesis II, 2006-2007 Microwave Range Finder Abstract In this project, I will concentrate on the system level design, includes deeply explanation of two modulation methods, they are Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (FM-CW) radar and Moving Target Indication (MTI) radar; the general speaking of system design flow and how my project related. And then realize the Frequency Modulation Continuous Wave (FM-CW) radar system by building up the block diagram. Then explain how to build a component block by with simple circuitry and the cost summary. p.3 Acknowledgements I would like to give a special thank to my supervisor, Professor Cheng Kwok Keung, Michael (B.Sc., Ph.D. (London), MIEEE, AMIEE), for giving me the chance to work on this project. His suggestions and comments gave me a direction and improved the quality of my work a lot. I would like to thank Wong Fai Leung, Fred, for providing many useful suggestions regarding the system test, system block of the radar. p.4 Content 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 7 1.1. CLASSIFICATION ................................................................................................................................ 7 1.2. APPLICATION.......................................................................
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...Semester Period Unit No 103 Units Covered Unit Name Further Mathematics for Engineering Technicians Electrical and Electronic Principles Data Communications and Networks Analytical Methods for Engineers Engineering Science Telecommunication Principles Advanced Mathematics for Engineering Electrical and Electronic Principles Business Management Techniques for Engineers Computer Programming Techniques Radio Communication Engineering Electronic Principles Principles and Applications of Microcontrollers Digital and Analogue Devices and Circuits Management of Projects Project Design, Implementation and Evaluation Personal and Professional Development Work-based Experience Credit Hours 10 10 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 20 15 15 15 15 20 15 15 Unit Level 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 Semester 1 (10 weeks) September- November 2014 101 119 001 Semester 2 (10 weeks) December- February 2014 002 118 059 Semester 3 (10 weeks) March - May 2014 005 007 112 Semester 4 (10 weeks) June - August 2015 120 039 113 Semester 5 (10 weeks) September-November 2015 117 037 Semester 6 (10 weeks) 003 December 2015 -February 2016 027 029 Industrial Training March 2016 - September 2016 UNIT 1: ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS Unit 1: Unit code: QCF level: Credit value: Analytical Methods for Engineers A/601/1401 4 15 • Aim This unit will provide the analytical knowledge and techniques needed to carry out a range of engineering...
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...nonlinear process in optical networks. In long haul transmission systems, it degrades the output signal once input power reaches above a certain threshold [1]. In FTTH networks bend loss is the main concern because of the stringent indoor wiring requirements. Therefore there is a requirement of an optical fiber, which has an enhanced SBS threshold value and improved bend performance. Such a fiber can be used in different parts of the optical network, in long haul and access networks, as a single line fiber. 2. STIMULATED BRILLOUIN SCATERRING AND BEND LOSS Stimulated Brillouin scattering and Bend loss are the two fundamental effects which effect the signal transmission in optical networks. The below sections describes the principle behind Stimulated brillouin scattering and Bend loss. 2.1 Stimulated Brillouin scattering Scattering is a general physical process whereby some form of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, is forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more localized non-uniformities in the medium through which it passes. When the optical power is such that the optical properties of the system are unmodified by the presence of the incident light beam, we refer to the scattering process as spontaneous or linear. The linear or...
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...Basics of Video Yao Wang Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY11201 yao@vision.poly.edu Outline • • • • • Color perception and specification Video capture and display Analog raster video Analog TV systems Digital video © Yao Wang, 2004 Video Basics Color Perception and Specification • • • • • Light -> color perception Human perception of color Type of light sources Trichromatic color mixing theory Specification of color – Tristimulus representation – Luminance/Chrominance representation • Color coordinate conversion © Yao Wang, 2004 Video Basics 3 Light is part of the EM wave from [Gonzalez02] © Yao Wang, 2004 Video Basics 4 Illuminating and Reflecting Light • Illuminating sources: – emit light (e.g. the sun, light bulb, TV monitors) – perceived color depends on the emitted freq. – follows additive rule • R+G+B=White • Reflecting sources: – reflect an incoming light (e.g. the color dye, matte surface, cloth) – perceived color depends on reflected freq (=emitted freqabsorbed freq.) – follows subtractive rule • R+G+B=Black © Yao Wang, 2004 Video Basics 5 Eye Anatomy From http://www.stlukeseye.com/Anatomy.asp © Yao Wang, 2004 Video Basics 6 Eye vs. Camera Camera components Eye components Lens Lens, cornea Shutter Iris, pupil Film Retina Cable to transfer images Optic nerve send the info to the brain © Yao Wang, 2004 Video Basics ...
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...If A and B are two bits arriving at the relay node, with the use of network coding the relay node can add the bits together e.g. mixing A and B here and transmitting A + B to achieve the multicast capacity of 2 bits per second because here transmission of 2 bits (A+B) is taking place Network coding offers definitely an improvement over traditional routing in which the link transmits either A or B instead both bits together. The major difference between communication performed with and without network coding in a wireless system is shown in Figure 1.7. More specifically, Figures 7(a) and 7(b) depict the transmission of packet b1 from A to B and packet b2 from B to A using relay C- when the range of and A and B is r. Figure 7(c) demonstrates that the relay C needs only one extra step to broadcast the linear combination of packets b1 and b2 as opposed to a conventional system which would require two extra steps, i.e, one step to transmit b1 and one step to send b2. Figure 1.7 Wireless communication without network coding (b) and with network coding (c) To conclude, we see that network coding in the previous example requires 3 time slots. Physical network coding allows A and B to transmit simultaneously reducing the total number of time slots to 2. This is a great idea to increase data transfer rates by minimizing the time...
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...2007-2008 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD B.TECH. ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING I YEAR COURSE STRUCTURE |Code |Subject |T |P/D |C | | |English |2+1 |- |4 | | |Mathematics - I |3+1 |- |6 | | |Mathematical Methods |3+1 |- |6 | | |Applied Physics |2+1 |- |4 | | |C Programming and Data Structures |3+1 |- |6 | | |Network Analysis |2+1 |- |4 | | |Electronic Devices and Circuits |3+1 |- |6 | | |Engineering Drawing |- |3 |4 | | |Computer Programming Lab. |- |3 |4 | | |IT Workshop |- |3 |4 | | |Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab |- |3...
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...AN INTRODUCTION TO LTE LTE, LTE-ADVANCED, SAE AND 4G MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS Christopher Cox Director, Chris Cox Communications Ltd, UK A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2012 © 2012 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Registered office John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com. The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor...
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...*Physics Prelims (1-7).qxd 12/11/08 1:00 PM Page 1 SCIENCE VISUAL RESOURCES PHYSICS An Illustrated Guide to Science The Diagram Group *Physics Prelims (1-7).qxd 12/11/08 1:00 PM Page 2 Physics: An Illustrated Guide to Science Copyright © 2006 The Diagram Group Author: Derek McMonagle BSc PhD CSci CChem FRSC Editors: Catherine Gaunt, Jamie Stokes Design: Anthony Atherton, Richard Hummerstone, Lee Lawrence, Tim Noel-Johnson, Phil Richardson Illustration: Peter Wilkinson Picture research: Neil McKenna Indexer: Martin Hargreaves All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Chelsea House An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 For Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, please contact the Publisher ISBN 0-8160-6167-X Chelsea House books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at 212/967-8800 or 800/322-8755. You can find Chelsea House on the World Wide Web at http://www.chelseahouse.com Printed in China CP Diagram 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 This book is printed on acid-free paper. *Physics Prelims (1-7).qxd 12/11/08 1:00 PM Page...
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...EFFECTS OF TELEVISION ON SOCIETY | | | EFFECTS OF TELEVISION ON SOCIETY Television broadcast has broad effects on the society all around the world. The strong verbal and non verbal combination and the facility to highlight different subject matters created one of the most important impressions in mass media. There are so many angles to see as to what extent TV has brought about changes in daily life of people and the nations as well. Here we will see some of the key changes affected by TV transmissions in general. Seeing is believing The authenticity of news and other informative material has never been more acceptable to people through other means of communication than the one available on TV. People already informed about an event still like to see the news along with footage on TV. For instance, the winning run scored by your favorite team in an exciting match is something people would like to see again and again although they know the outcome of the match. So is about visuals on accidents and unusual events like hanging of Iraqi leader Saddam Hussain etc. Changes in timings Most people have tuned their daily timings in accordance with their popular programs. Students tend to finish their homework before their favorite show. Housewives would make their cooking schedule as not to miss the soap tonight. Men would get ready for relaxing by watching programs of their interest. Much noticeable change is in bed-timings. Early to bed... dictum seems to have...
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...ate Aptitude Test in Engineering GATE 2014 Brochure Table of Contents 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................1 2. About GATE 2014 ......................................................................................................1 2.1. Financial Assistance ............................................................................................................................ 1 2.2 Employment ............................................................................................................................................ 2 2.3 Administration ....................................................................................................................................... 2 3.1 Changes Introduced in GATE 2013 that will continue to remain in force for GATE 2014 .......................................................................................................................................................... 3 4.1 Eligibility for GATE 2014 ................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 GATE Papers ............................................................................................................................................ 5 4.3 Zone-Wise List of Cities in which GATE 2014 will be Held ................................................... 6 4.4 Zone-Wise List of Cities for 3rd...
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...NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SILCHAR Bachelor of Technology Programmes amï´>r¶ JH$s g§ñWmZ, m¡Úmo{ à VO o pñ Vw dZ m dY r V ‘ ñ Syllabi and Regulations for Undergraduate PROGRAMME OF STUDY (wef 2012 entry batch) Ma {gb Course Structure for B.Tech (4years, 8 Semester Course) Civil Engineering ( to be applicable from 2012 entry batch onwards) Course No CH-1101 /PH-1101 EE-1101 MA-1101 CE-1101 HS-1101 CH-1111 /PH-1111 ME-1111 Course Name Semester-1 Chemistry/Physics Basic Electrical Engineering Mathematics-I Engineering Graphics Communication Skills Chemistry/Physics Laboratory Workshop Physical Training-I NCC/NSO/NSS L 3 3 3 1 3 0 0 0 0 13 T 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 P 0 0 0 3 0 2 3 2 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 6 0 0 8 2 C 8 6 8 5 6 2 3 0 0 38 8 8 8 8 6 2 0 0 40 8 8 6 6 6 2 2 2 40 6 6 8 2 Course No EC-1101 CS-1101 MA-1102 ME-1101 PH-1101/ CH-1101 CS-1111 EE-1111 PH-1111/ CH-1111 Course Name Semester-2 Basic Electronics Introduction to Computing Mathematics-II Engineering Mechanics Physics/Chemistry Computing Laboratory Electrical Science Laboratory Physics/Chemistry Laboratory Physical Training –II NCC/NSO/NSS Semester-4 Structural Analysis-I Hydraulics Environmental Engg-I Structural Design-I Managerial Economics Engg. Geology Laboratory Hydraulics Laboratory Physical Training-IV NCC/NSO/NSS Semester-6 Structural Design-II Structural Analysis-III Foundation Engineering Transportation Engineering-II Hydrology &Flood...
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...Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States SEVENTH EDITION Data Communications and Computer Networks A Business User’s Approach Curt M. White DePaul University Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User’s Approach, Seventh Edition Curt M. White Editor-In-Chief: Joe Sabatino Senior Acquisitions Editor: Charles McCormick, Jr. Senior Product Manager: Kate Mason Editorial Assistant: Courtney Bavaro Marketing Director: Keri Witman Marketing Manager: Adam Marsh Senior Marketing Communications Manager: Libby Shipp Marketing Coordinator: Suellen Ruttkay Media Editor: Chris Valentine Art and Cover Direction, Production Management, and Composition: PreMediaGlobal Cover Credit: © Masterfile Royalty Free Manufacturing Coordinator: Julio Esperas © 2013 Course Technology, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act—without the prior written permission of the publisher. For product information and technology assistance...
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