...implementations and concept behind a firm’s business strategy and business model both depict two separate structural dimensions. However, these important elements of organizational designs are strongly intertwined. In fact, the goal of increasing the brand’s value will not be realized in the absence of the other. According to Chun & Lee (2013), an effective business model framework shapes the fundamental structure of the business as a whole. In contrast, strategy deals with the method in which the model can increase the firm’s ability to build and sustain competitive advantage. Business models illustrate how an organization is structured to maximize its resources towards gaining profits. It is evident then that the business model is entirely separate from the drive to engage the competitors inside a specific target market. Nevertheless, the effort to find relevance among consumers—highly complex and deeply influenced by the current societal needs, wants, and demands—an effectual business strategy must be engaged (Rothaermel, 2013). The business strategy describes how the company will engage competitors, recognize segment, and take action base on market behavior. Strategies carry a unique method of how businesses in the same market compete to win consumers. The main agenda behind business models is to structure the most fundamental design to build a solid starting point for strategic actions. Both aspects of business are closely interlinked and extremely crucial...
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...Investors Decisions, Facebook Model And Economic Viability Of Facebook Samuel Osene-Bosompem California International University Author Note Samuel Osene-Bosompem, Department of Doctoral Study Global Business and Leadership Correspondence concerning this study should be address to Samuel Osene-Bosompem, Ecobank Ghana Limited, SIA Branch, PMB, GPO, Accra, Ghana. Contact: sbosompem@ecobank.com Abstract A Thesis Statement Most rational investors decision to investing in any company would largely depend on the companies strategic and financial projections and company would use business models like the convergent concept targeted to meet customer needs. For a company to be a going concern, it is expedient that its economic viability is determined, this work would attempt to vet Facebook on the areas mentioned above. Purpose of Paper The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role that strategic and financial analysis played in investors decisions to back Facebook through its short history, develop a model of Facebook using the concept of convergence as a reference and analyze the economic viability of Facebook. Overview of Paper The paper would be divided into three sections to answer unit four-assignment requirement as follows: 1. Discuss the role that strategic and financial analysis played in investors decisions to back Facebook through its short history. 2. Develop a model of Facebook using the concept of convergence as a reference...
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...------------------------------------------------- Chapter 1—Introducing the Economic Way of Thinking MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When economists say scarcity, they mean: a. | there are only a limited number of consumers who would be interested in purchasing goods. | b. | the human desire for goods exceeds the available supply of time, goods and resources. | c. | most people in poorer countries do not have enough goods. | d. | goods are so expensive that only the rich can afford it. | ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Full: 3 | Mic: 3 TOP: Scarcity TYP: RE 2. When economists say goods are scarce, they mean: a. | consumers are too poor to afford the goods and services available. | b. | consumers are unwilling to buy goods unless they have very low prices. | c. | goods are generally freely available from nature in most countries. | d. | the desire for goods and services exceeds our ability to produce them with the limited resources available. | ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: Full: 3 | Mic: 3 TOP: Scarcity TYP: SA 3. Scarcity is a problem: a. | measured by the amount of goods available. | b. | of the poor, but not the rich. | c. | because human wants are unlimited while resources are limited. | d. | only in industrialized economies. | ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: Full: 3 | Mic: 3 TOP: Scarcity TYP: RE 4. Scarcity can be eliminated if: a. | people satisfy needs rather than wants. | ...
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...FORMULATION OF ACCOUNTING THEORY: PURPOSE AND APPROACHES A TERM PAPER (2) ON ADVANCED ACCOUNTING THEORY (ACC 821) PRESENTED BY EKERIA, Victor IKYUME, Chiahemba James OGBOLE, Philip Osemudiamen SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR A.E. OKOYE DEPARTMENT OF ACCOUNTING COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMEN SUDIES IGBINEDION UNIVERSITY, OKADA MARCH, 2015 Abstract As tasks of accounting became more difficult and focus shifted to users’ needs, a theory became necessary. Existence of a need for information for decision making (decision usefulness) in face of information asymmetry led to development of means, tools and techniques for satisfying decision making needs (formulation of accounting theories) This paper briefly discusses the purpose/importance for accounting theory and various approaches to the formulation of an accounting theory under two headings, namely: (1) traditional approaches, and (2) new approaches. The paper finally highlights the critiques of the accounting theory approaches Table of Content 1.0.0. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………… 1 2.0.0. Meaning of Accounting Theory………………………………………………………… 2 2.1.0. Needs and Purpose for Accounting Theory…………………………………………….. 3 3.0.0. Early Attempts at Accounting Theory……………………………………………………...3 4.0.0. Approaches to the for Formulation of Accounting Theory……………………………….5 4.1.0. 4.1.0. The Traditional Approaches………………………………………………………..5 4.1.1. Non – Theoretical, Practical, or Pragmatic (Informal) Approaches……...
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...helped us in completing the project in time. Whatever we have learnt from her and this project report has put indelible impression on our minds and it is our conviction that this learning experience will always be a source of help in our practical life and professional career. Finally, yet importantly, we would like to express our heartfelt thanks to our beloved parents, for cooperation, help, kindness and blessings, our family and friends for their help and wishes for the successful completion of the work. Table of Contents 1. Executive summary…………………………………………………….. 1 2. Introduction…………………………………………………………….. 2 3. APPLE Inc………………………………………………………………3 4. Vision Statemen………………………………………………………... 4 5. Mission Statement……………………………………………………… 4 6....
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...Sample Statement of Purpose: MBA The term “globalism” has become overused, and often misused. In fact, we might say that it has actually been devalued to the level of the everyday language of buzzword-brandishing marketing pundits. Such freewheeling usage has perhaps prompted many a CEO (or future CEO) to launch into a global plan or strategy without proper consideration of the demands and dynamics of the international marketplace. Many would-be globetrotters neglect the acquisition of language skills, knowledge of foreign trade and tax laws, accounting standards, etc., all of which are necessary to effectively “go global.” Superficial knowledge only leads to failure. This has, indeed, happened, and while there is no doubt that neglecting to capture the gains achievable in overseas markets is equally suicidal, misguided attempts at competing globally (along with rapidly developing opportunities in the global marketplace) have placed a dramatic premium on individuals who take the time to properly train themselves in international business. For me, the Columbia MBA is a significant component of this training. I foresee my own career moving in the direction of European/American business, initially from an advisory perspective (i.e. investment banking or consulting) and ultimately from a leadership role within a manufacturing entity, preferably a start-up venture. This prophecy, in part, has evolved from my past experiences in western and eastern Europe which, in turn, have formed...
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...identification process can be done using different types of models depending on the type of organization being analyzed (Chapman, 1996). Dr. Kallman a professor of risk management, has several techniques which he has discussed regarding the risk management which will be compared with other techniques recommended by other authors like Victoria Duff. Understand the risk According to Dr. Kallman on risk management, he has given the following techniques to be used. Dr. Kallman says that before giving the mitigation techniques to the risk, there must be identification of the risks. A risk manager should understand the type of risks which are likely to face a firm and list them down. This is what we call risk identification. For one to know this, there must be clear understanding of the companies’ goals, mission and objective. From these factors, the risk that is likely to face an organization can be identified easily. When the risks have been identified, they can be categorized to three distinct groups such as, operational, strategic and economic. Strategic risks include those risks with long term varied effects on the firm and they are composed of factors like, the reputational risk, quality risk and brand risk. The next set of risk is operational risks which include things like the hazards which expose the business to various outcomes like property destruction and others (Chapman, 1996). While economic risk entails economic related factors like the exchange rate risks variation...
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...| Business Leadership and Human Values Seminar2 CreditsBU 131.601.F5Summer Session 2016Wednesdays 1:30-4:30pm -- June 8 – July 27 Harbor East Room 230 | Instructor Rick Milter, Ph.D. Contact Information Phone Number: 410.234.9422 milter@jhu.edu Office Hours Typically before class session or by appointment. Required Learning Materials This course is a series of thematic conversations about human values and your responsibilities as an emerging/aspiring business leader. There is no traditional textbook, but there is much reading. You are required to read The Moral Compass: Leadership for a Free World, a workbook by Lindsay Thompson available online as a PDF in Course Documents. You will find details about required learning materials in the Bibliography and Theme Briefs sections of the Syllabus. Course Description and Overview This course explores ethical leadership as a framework for enterprise value creation in a complex environment of competing economic and moral claims. Students examine the intrinsic ethical challenges of leadership and the concept of a moral compass as a foundation for responding effectively to the ethical challenges of corporate citizenship and value creation in a competitive global economy. (2 credits) Syllabus Table of Contents Page Topic 2 Bibliography & Learning Resources 6 Calendar, Seminar Structure, Theme Briefs, Content 42 Seminar Preparation Toolkit 48 Learning Objectives, Graded Assignments...
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...Exam Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which of the following statements is correct? A) By and large, managerial decisions are not affected by either microeconomic or macroeconomic forces. B) Managerial decisions are affected primarily by macroeconomic forces. C) Managerial decisions are affected by both microeconomic and macroeconomic forces. D) Managerial decisions are affected primarily by microeconomic forces. 1) 2) Walmartʹs decision in 1994 to continue operating stores in specific cities in Mexico when other firms were pulling out would be best classified as: A) a microeconomic decision. B) a macroeconomic decision. C) both a microeconomic and a macroeconomic decision. D) neither a microeconomic nor a macroeconomic decision. 2) 3) Which of the following would be considered an example of a macroeconomic problem? A) Should Microsoft reduce the price of its Windows operating system? B) Should JP Morgan Chase increase the interest rate it charges its credit card customers? C) Should Mitsubishi eliminate one of its production shifts? D) Should the federal government extend the eligibility period for unemployment benefits? 3) 4) Walmartʹs entry into the market in Mexico had the effect of: A) reducing competition and raising the prices of many of the goods it sells. B) increasing competition and raising the prices of many of the goods it sells...
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...require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2011 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Licensed to: CengageBrain User Economics for Today © 2012 Cengage Learning Australia Pty Limited 4th Edition Allan Layton Copyright Notice Tim Robinson This Work is copyright. No part of this Work may be reproduced, Irvin B. Tucker stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission of the Publisher. Except as Publishing manager: Alison Green permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, for example any fair dealing Publishing editor: Michelle Aarons for the purposes of private study, research, criticism or review, subject Senior project editor: Nathan Katz to certain limitations. These limitations include: Restricting the copying...
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...analyse this statement with reference to the literature and to your experience of entrepreneurship. This essay aims to evaluate the various traits identified with entrepreneurs, and then establish whether entrepreneurs are born with these traits, or whether, they are shaped and developed through their life experiences. Put simply the purpose of this essay is to establish whether entrepreneurs are ‘born or made’. This essay focuses on two distinct schools of researchers in the field of entrepreneurship: The more traditional group of researchers has focused on the personality characteristics of the individual, the internal factors, whilst a second group of researchers have taken a social cognitive approach. They look at the relationship between an individual and his or her environment. The external factors include culture, role models, work experience, education, and environment. This essay looks at the early definitions of an entrepreneur, evaluates the literature which supports the theory that entrepreneurs are ‘born’, and also evaluates the proposal that there is a relationship between the individual entrepreneur and their social environment, that is, entrepreneurs are ‘made’. Cantillon (1756) defined the entrepreneur as engaging in business without an assurance of profits; thus the bearing of risk being the distinguishing feature of an entrepreneur. Jean Baptiste Say expanded on this by making the entrepreneur the pivot of the economy, and a catalyst for economic change and...
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...Personal statement Since my first classes of IT in Portugal, I knew that IT would be more than subject for me it is going to be my way of showing the world my capacities and IT knowledge. I am planning to do IT (System support) level 3 in order to obtain BTEC Extended Level 3 Diploma in IT studies, after that I want to go into university and after that I want to work in the business career. My ultimate goal after the course and university is to own a lucrative business where I can help my country by providing a good service, a good products and create jobs but in order to achieve that I might work for number of years as a private sector employee to gain an experience and make good saving so I will start my career working in real estate sector where I can learn the concepts, the methods and the secrets of it. I admire this successful Bill gates businessman who I consider a role model to me, who made a big fortune from investing in this sector whose name is William Henry Gates his success inspired me to aspire reaching his level and in terms of investments this field tends to be low in risk and everlasting in maintaining wealth. The reason why I am studying IT is to pursue a career that helps me to expand my knowledge about the market and how to be able to acquire wealth and gain an experience that will raise my value in the job market. Why am I studying in the UK? I have noticed that studying in the UK gives me a great opportunity to receive my business education in one of the...
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...Role of Power in Financial Statement Fraud Schemes Chad Albrecht • Daniel Holland • Ricardo Malaguen˜o • Simon Dolan • Shay Tzafrir Received: 24 June 2011 / Accepted: 12 December 2013 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 Abstract In this paper, we investigate a large-scale financial statement fraud to better understand the process by which individuals are recruited to participate in financial statement fraud schemes. The case reveals that perpetrators often use power to recruit others to participate in fraudulent acts. To illustrate how power is used, we propose a model, based upon the classical French and Raven taxonomy of power, that explains how one individual influences another individual to participate in financial statement fraud. We also provide propositions for future research. Keywords Financial statement fraud Organizational corruption Recruitment Collusion Power and influence Introduction In recent years, fraud and other forms of unethical behavior in organizations have received significant attention in the business ethics literature (Uddin and Gillet 2002; Elias 2002; Rockness and Rockness 2005; Robison and Santore 2011), investment circles (Pujas 2003; Albrecht et al. 2011), and regulator communities (Farber 2005; Ferrell and Ferrell 2011). Scandals at Enron, WorldCom, Xerox, Quest, Tyco, HealthSouth, and other companies created a loss of confidence in the integrity of the American business (Carson 2003) and even caused...
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...Freidman perspectives surrounding corporate social responsibility by summarizing their respective articles titled: “Stakeholder Theory and The Corporate Objective Revisited” and “The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits”. By examining their articles, I will provide a personal opinion of which of their economic models should be the leading model when it comes to business and corporate social responsibility. Summary of Articles Author R. Edward Freeman’s article “Stakeholder Theory and The Corporate Objective Revisited,” emphasized a response to a piece put out by Sundaram and Inkpen titled “The Corporate Objective Revisited” by clarifying misconceptions about stakeholder theory and concluding that truth and freedom are best served by seeing business and ethics as connected (Freeman, Wicks, & Parmar, 2004). Freeman supports the above statement by providing the following three main critiques: 1) the mischaracterization of stakeholder theory; 2) the primacy of creating value for stakeholders, and; 3) the real issues of economic and political freedom (Freeman, Wicks, & Parmar, 2004). In response to social responsibility, Freeman clarifies that stakeholder theory claims that no matter what the ultimate mission of the corporations or any form of business activity, managers and owners must take into account the legitimate interest of those groups and individuals that can affect their activities (Freeman, Wicks, & Parmar, 2004). The importance of creating value...
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...Behavioral Aspect of Accounting: The Need to Emphasize on Ethics ------------------------------------------------- Ahmad Zubair Chedi ------------------------------------------------- Abstract Accounting plays a vital role in providing information that permit economic decision, therefore the information has influence on its users. The financial statements that serve the basis for the economic decision are drawn up, not by the users, but by the enterprise’s accountants under the authority and control of the enterprise’s management. Ideally the preparers should take as their objective the fulfillment, (to the best of their ability) of the users’ needs. However the preparers have their own objectives, which often are quite different from those of the users. The financial statements can play a very important role in helping the enterprise’s management to achieve its objective. If the accounts show that the enterprise is doing well, the shareholders will be happy also the market price of the company’s shares will remain high. Since the accounts are prepared under the direction of the management there is a temptation for the management not to present the full truth about the enterprise in the financial statements, particularly when the company is doing badly. The paper examines the behavioral aspect of accounting with emphasis on the need of ethics; the methodology used is purely content analysis, using secondary data. The study reveals that unethical behavior is less prevalence...
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