...and procedures that are designed to generate and disseminate information and data that supports the activities of an organization” (International Graduate, 2011). Kudler Fine Foods is an organization specializing in providing domestic and imported sustenance to consumers. This paper clarifies an information system critical to their business process and examines how this system has an effect on the organization’s intricate structure. Information Systems Information systems used by organizations often follow a “traditional hierarchical structure” (Turban & Volonino, 2010. p.42). The structure commonly consists of seven functional types (1) Personal and Productivity Systems, (2) Transaction Processing Systems, (3) Functional and Management Information Systems, (4) Enterprise Systems, (5) Inter-organizational Systems, (6) Global Systems, and (7) Special Systems. Each category plays an essential role in the overall function of an organization when utilized. The development of an application program is used to execute or support a specific organization task or business process through the use of that information system. Although system types and applications can be independent of each other, most systems and programs are often reliant on each other and are broken down into smaller systems called sub-systems. These systems are all connected by means of a network. A local area network (LAN) allows an organization’s information system to communicate with each other through...
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...Globalization and the Information Economy: Challenges and Opportunities for Africa1 Derrick L. Cogburn, Ph.D. University of Michigan School of Information and Global Information Infrastructure Commission – Africa Catherine Nyaki Adeya, Ph.D. United Nations University Institute for New Technologies Prepared as a working paper for the African Development Forum '99 24-28 October 1999, United Nations Conference Centre United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 1 Copyright © 1999 Derrick L. Cogburn (dcogburn@umich.edu) and Catherine Nyaki Adeya (nyaki@intech.unu.edu). This paper reflects the opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of the institutions represented. Comments on the paper are welcome, and an updated version can be found at: www.si.umich.edu/~dcogburn/info_econ.htm. and www.intech.unu Derrick L. Cogburn and Catherine Nyaki Adeya ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank the officers and staff at the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa for their untiring patience and assistance on the st preparation of this paper. Special thanks to the team organising the 1 African Development Forum. Dr. Cogburn would like to thank his colleagues at the Global Information Infrastructure Commission for their assistance and support on the paper. Also, at the University of Michigan, he thanks his friends and colleagues at the School of Information, the Alliance for Community Technology, and the Centre for AfroAmerican...
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...40 Teachers. It is located in Wellawatte, Sri Lanka. The School is following the Management Information System. The students are taught all subjects in English; they include: Language Arts, Math’s, Science, Music, PE, Commerce, Accounting, Economics and Art. The school provides many facilities and activities for the students and in addition to a good all round education. SWOT Analysis 1.1 The School management is clearly segmented into three distinct layers. These layers are: top management, middle management and lower management. Management layers are shown below: Top Management Level Head Principal The Head Principal of the school is responsible for most areas of the school operations. The Head Principal also publicly represents the school; mediate conflicts among staff, students, parents, and community members. Vice principal The Vice Principal of the school assists the Head Principal to guide behavior management, budgeting, staff supervision, curriculum, and other areas. Middle Management Level Teachers Everyday students are subjected to a range of decisions made by teachers about grading, curriculum, behavior management, and relationships with students. Teachers are also responsible for executing others decisions. Accountant The Accountant of the school is responsible for all transactions taken place within the school. Lower Management Level Security Guard The Security Guard is on duty at the Main Gate of the school from...
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...deadlines. Working in teams comes with many benefits, such as building employee relationships and knowledge sharing. Unfortunately, teamwork has its negative aspects, such as tension or anxiety, which almost always derives from poor communication. Effective communication within an organization often determines an organizations fate. This article gives an overview of effective communication through knowledge sharing, effective and ineffective techniques, using effective techniques in a health care environment, and technological impacts. Effective Knowledge Sharing Techniques Knowledge is often seen as a rich form of information. This differentiation, however, is not terribly helpful. A more useful definition of knowledge is that it is about know-how and know-why. A metaphor is that of a cake. An analysis of its molecular constituents is data – for most purposes not very useful – one may not even be able to tell it were a cake. A list of ingredients is information – more useful – an experienced cook could probably make the cake – the data has been given context. The recipe though would be knowledge – written knowledge - explicit knowledge – it tells how to make the cake. An inexperienced cook however, even with the recipe might not make a good cake. A person, though, with relevant knowledge, experience, and skill – knowledge in their heads - not easily written down - tacit knowledge – would almost certainly make an excellent cake from the recipe (Gurteen, 1999). The know-why...
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...Knowledge management(KM) Utilizing Knowledge accumulated in an organization is a strategic way to acquire the competitive edge for an organization. Knowledge in organizations can be categorized into types : EXplicit or Tacit knowledge .Explicit Knowledge is easily captured and managed .Tacit knowledge is highly personal , available within the individual and difficult to manage. 90% of the knowledge accumulated in an organisation is tacit knowledge. Capturing the tacit knowledge of experienced individuals and getting them to share it ‘collectively’ is a daunting task for any organization. Knowledge management and competencies assessment framework: Douflo et al. (2004); Nyame- Asiamah (2009) and Al-Zhrani (2010) suggested that knowledge in an organisation can be used to determine what knowledge can be capitalized. Therefore, explicit knowledge can be handled through knowledge management using KM tools such as document management, while the tacit knowledge require some formalization. Recent research by Jackson and Webster (2007) offers some useful possibilities in addressing some of the problems of capturing tacit knowledge. They suggest using a combination of elicitation and mapping methodologies like “…business process modeling, the soft systems methodology, causal cognitive mapping and brainstorming…” to capture tacit, role-related and relationship knowledge from staff in organisations. Methods to capture organizational Knowledge · to elicit the most...
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...organizational goals every year Summary of practices 1. Safe, Healthy And Happy Workplace 2. Open Book Management Style 3. Performance Linked Bonuses 4. 360-Degree Performance Management Feedback System 5. Fair Evaluation System For Employees 6. Knowledge Sharing 7. Highlight Performers 8. Open House Discussions And Feedback Mechanisms 9. Reward Ceremonies 10. Delight Employees With The Unexpected [pic] 1. Safe, Healthy and Happy Workplace Creating a safe, healthy and happy workplace will ensure that your employees feel homely and stay with your organization for a very long time. Capture their pulse through employee surveys. [pic] 2. Open Book Management Style Sharing information about contracts, sales, new clients, management objectives, company policies, employee personal data etc. ensures that the employees are as enthusiastic about the business as the management. Through this open book process you can gradually create a culture of participative management and ignite the creative endeavor of your work force.. It involves making people an interested party to your strategic decisions, thus aligning them to your business objectives. Be as open as you can. It helps in building trust & motivates employees. Employee self service portal, Manager on-line etc. are the tools available today to the management to practice this style. [pic] 3. Performance linked Bonuses Paying out bonuses or having any kind of variable...
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...currently appears in U.S. workforce, interact very little. Question 1 Communities of practice, which tend to be technology-based can bridge the generation gap and allow knowledge sharing between the generations of employees at Xerox. This gap can be filled by thinking about why people learn and allow knowledge sharing? Does learning happen to improve job performance only or organizational commitment? Another problem that Xerox employees need to work on to bridge this gap and allow knowledge sharing is to think about faulty perceptions. Because faulty perceptions increase the gap between generations therefore it does not allow knowledge sharing. Other than faulty perceptions, decision making problems include limited information, stereotypes, faulty attributions and escalation of commitment. A few examples of communities of practice that can be used to bridge the generation gap is to use: • Online programs • Knowledge sharing workshops • Setting up meetings once or twice a month between generations of employees at Xerox so they can interact even after they move on to a different project. The most important way to bridge the generation gap and allow knowledge sharing is to create something called “Transfer of training”. (Coloquitt, Lepine & Wesson, 2009, p. 281). “Transfer of training occurs when the knowledge, skills, and behaviors used on the job are maintained by the learner once training ends and generalized to the workplace once learner returns to the job” (Coloquitt, Lepine...
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...learning, normally as expressed by the Army in terms of training, is generally seen as a deliberate, structured, and formal process through which individuals and groups acquire the skills, knowledge, and attitudes, necessary for individuals, small and large groups to carry-out their functions. However, in practice the learning environment within the Army is somewhat different. Not surprisingly, like their civilian counterparts, Army men and women acquire much of their professional understanding while in their normal place of work: in offices, workshops, the field training, on operational deployments and other workplaces. Whether the Army acknowledges it or not, workplace learning is becoming an increasingly more desirable and necessary component of learning and education in the 21st Century. A number of approaches to creating a taxonomy of forms of learning and knowledge have emerged within the discipline of androgogy. This paper will focus on following forms of work-place learning: experiential learning; collaborative inquiry, and work-based improvement initiative. Each of these approaches are used increasingly within the Army; but; as yet are under-utilised. These forms of learning will be discussed; through using the experiences of the writer; and in each case the forms of knowledge as outcomes of these forms of workplace learning will be identified. The situations in which the learning occurs will be examined to highlight positive and negative aspects from a human resource...
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...Running head: SkyDive Chicago Closing Case: CH 13 James Tabb Jr INFO 620: Management of Information System Jongbok Byun Ashford University Skydive Chicago is one of the best resorts present in the United States today. At the resorts they have decorated skydivers to assist you with making your jumps. This company is a provider of skydiving instructions with various competitions as any other business. The company needs to ensure that it keeps up with technology to stay competitive in the market and to expand and be prepared for the future. When discussing the information systems of the company. One must understand that these systems consist of the resources needed to deliver functions and information to this organization. The benefit of the information system is you will have central access, easy backup, distribution of information, record keeping, tax preparation, and assist the organization with identifying the customers and their traits. Summoned up; you can say that the information system provides the best information that a person needs to perform their tasks more efficiently. Along with the hardware, software, networks, and data management or information technology as we call it. With these things combined these components work together to achieve a common set of goals. All information systems are tailored for each organization to fit their specific needs. All information...
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...MANAGEMENT Leading & Collaborating in a Competitive World Foundations of Management • Managing • The External Environment and Organizational Culture • Managerial Decision Making Planning: Delivering Strategic Value • Planning and Strategic Management • Ethics and Corporate Responsibility • International Management • Entrepreneurship Strategy Implementation Organizing: Building a Dynamic Organization • Organization Structure • Organizational Agility • Human Resources Management • Managing the Diverse Workforce Leading: Mobilizing People • • • • Leadership Motivating for Performance Teamwork Communicating Controlling: Learning and Changing • Managerial Control • Managing Technology and Innovation • Creating and Managing Change PART ONE Foundations of Management The three chapters in Part One describe the foundations of management. Chapter 1 discusses the imperatives of managing in today’s business landscape and introduces the key functions, skills, and competitive goals of effective managers. In other words, it discusses what you need to do and accomplish to become a high-performing manager. Chapter 2 describes the external environment in which managers and their organizations operate— the context that both constrains and provides opportunities for managers. It also discusses what can be described as the organization’s internal environment: its culture. Chapter 3 discusses the most fundamental managerial activity: decision making. Because managers make...
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...1. Introduction ‘Knowledge is power’, an old saying from Francis Bacon, which is considered as a true statement that has been recognised for a long time (Greco, 1993; Nielsen and Rasmussen, 2011). Especially, in recent 20 years, the interest and importance of knowledge in organisations has been increased remarkably in both theoretically and practically (Cheema, 2010; Knight and Howes, 2003; Rasmussen and Nielsen, 2011). The reason is revealed by Migdadi (2009) and Politis (2005), in the new economy, the intangible resource, knowledge has become the foundation of organisational competitiveness compared to tangible assets. In other words, the traditional driving factors of production, including, land, labour and capital have turned into the secondary resources as knowledge become the primary source of power in production within the contemporary economy. The work of Rasmussen and Nielsen (2011) reveal that intangible resource is regarded as a typical feature of knowledge, which can build capabilities for both organisations and individuals, consequently, in this new economy, also can be called knowledge-based economy made knowledge become strategically important to provide sustain competitive advantage for enterprises, especially in high technology and bioengineering sectors (Niu, 2010). Knowledge therefore has emerged as a main source of power as well as core competency in today’s emerging economies. However, new possibilities and threads are constantly taken place to challenge...
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...much of one’s knowledge depends on interaction with other knowers? Most of a person’s knowledge comes from and depends upon the interaction with others. We simply cannot have knowledge if you are isolated from others. Take the example that you are alone, in a room, with no windows. In this situation the person in the room cannot possibly have any understanding of the outside world. They would also not know the most basic of information. Would one know that one was human or that there are other people beside oneself out there? How would one also think of things if there were no former knowledge of language? The person in the above example can be thought of as one of the humans that are living in the underground cave in the article that I have previously read titled, “The Allegory of the Cave.” Both the person in the room and the human in the cave have no prior knowledge of the outside world. Though the human has seen shadow, heard voices, and has had some interaction with others, he still does not know whether the things that he has seen or heard are in fact true. The person in the room does not have the luxury to leave the room like the human in the cave did to explore the world. Because the human was able to leave the cave, he gained new knowledge and learned that his previous knowledge was not correct. A way that we can gain knowledge from the interaction of others is through our parents or peers. As we are growing up, our parents help us gain knowledge of the world by...
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...wiki is a website where users can add, delete or modify its content. This process is achieved by using the syntax of a simple mark-up language through a Web browser (Dagka, Papadaki, Lepouras, & Costas, 2012). The first wiki software, WikiWikiWeb, was developed by Ward Cunningham. However, the most popular wiki software is Wikipedia, one of the most visited websites in the world. I have used Wikipedia mainly as a reader, but I have also input content on the website before. While studying journalism at Ohio University, I worked at Southeast Ohio Magazine. Along with the help of two fellow students, I helped create the Southeast Ohio Magazine Wikipedia page. I did not find creating the page difficult despite not having any knowledge of Web page development. Therefore, if wiki software was implemented into a business, extensive training would not be needed. A wiki is included in the category of second-generation interactive services referred to as Web 2.0 (Laudon & Laudon, 2012). Businesses are increasingly seeking these services as they Wiki 3 are relatively cheap, and they engage employees or customers in social participation. “Today’s businesses...
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...Portada Management information systems managing the digital firm Part One. Organizations, Management, and the Networked Enterprise ....1 Chapter 1. Managing the Digital Firm ....2 Opening Case: DaimlerChrysler's Agile Supply Chain ....3 1.1 Why Information Systems? ....4 Why Information Systems Matter 4 • How Much Does IT Matter? 6 • Why IT Now? Digital Convergence and the Changing Business Environment ....7 1.2 Perspectives on Information Systems ....13 What Is an Information System? ....13 Windows on Organizations: Cemex: A Digital Firm in the Making ....14 Window on Technology: UPS Competes Globally with Information Technology ....17 It Isn't Just Technology: A Business Perspective on Information Systems 18 • Dimensions of Information Systems ....20 1.3 Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems ....25 Technical Approach 26 • Behavioral Approach 26 • Approach of This Text: Sociotechnical Systems ....27 1.4 Learning to Use Information Systems: New Opportunities with Technology ....27 The Challenge of Information Systems: Key Management Issues 28 • Integrating Text with Technology: New Opportunities for Learning ....30 Make IT Your Business ....31 Summary, 31 • Key Terms, 32 • Review Questions, 32 • Discussion Questions, 33 • Application Software Exercise: Database Exercise: Adding Value to Information for Management Decision Making, 33 • Dirt Bikes USA: Preparing a Management Overview of the Company, 33 • Electronic Commerce Project: Analyzing...
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...Case Study 1. What are the challenges facing L’Oreal management? 2. Make a list of all the functionalities of M@sternet described in the video. What kind of a knowledge management system is M@sternet? 3. Why did L’Oreal say it chose the SharePoint platform? 4. What do you think are the ultimate benefits of M@sternet for L’Oreal? 5. What might be some limitations of SharePoint in this application? 1. L’Oreal is a large-sized and international enterprise with many branches all over the world, making it difficult to communicate immediately with other employees around the world as well as share information. It is important to have good mutual communication between each department. In order to overcome the obstacles of being in different places, they need a secure and instant knowledge management system such as M@sternet. 2. It is a powerful information system with various functions such as search engine and discussion forums which allows people to have control over information according to their needs and organizational roles to make management more efficient. 3. Share point helps people reach the information easy and quick. It also makes searching information within a huge database efficient. Moreover, the system can combine with Microsoft Word, Excel, and Power Point. It can also be modified via email. It is a user-friendly system. 4. I think that the ultimate benefits of M@sternet for L’Oreal are increasing the efficiency of information delivery, providing a safe...
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