In the late 90s of last century in Moldova, since then part of the former Soviet Union, grew up a democratic and national liberation movement, which ends on 27 August 1991 with the independence of Republic of Moldova. After the failed coup attempt in Moscow, Republic of Moldova became, on 27 August 1991, the seventh Soviet republic which is separated from the Soviet Union. Moldova's independence has been recognized at international level by becoming a member of several prestigious international organizations, primarily the United Nations (1992). Declaration of Independence represents aspirations for freedom, independence, and national unity. Thus, through the laws and decisions of the Moldovan Parliament were adopted establishment of Romanian as the official language and the reintroduction of the Latin alphabet - 31 August 1989, the state flag - 27April 1990, the coat of arms - on 3 November 1990 and the change of the official name of the state - on 23May 1990. After independence, Republic of Moldova followed other documents aimed at strengthening of the independence of the country. Thus, on 3September 1991 was created National Army of the Republic of Moldova, and in 1994 adopted the Constitution, under which human rights, freedoms, free development of human personality, justice and political pluralism represent supreme values and are guaranteed by the state. Moldova's political system during the 24 years of independence has been amended twice: mixed system (1994-2000) in which the president was directly elected, and since 2000 till now prevailing parliamentary republic system. On 2 March 1992 war broke out in Transnistria, the eastern part of Republic of Moldova, in which Moldova had to fight to maintain sovereignty over the territory of Transnistria. Separatist forces were supported from Russia. On 21 July 1992 the conflict was froze by an agreement signed between Moldova and the Russian Federation. However, despite of agreement signed the Russian military forces are still there having a peace keeping mission. Taking about the presidents first president of Republic of Moldova Mircea Snegur 3 September 1990 – 15 January 1997, second Petru Lucinschi 15 January 1997 – 7 April 2001. During the mandates of both presidents conduct a policy based on democratic values. Vladimir Voronin was the third president 7 April 2001 – 11 September 2009, being the leader of Communist Party. In 2009 was formed a political alliance for European Integration. Alliance attempted to elect the president; the only candidate for president was Marian Lupu, the president of Democratic Party of Moldova. Communist Party did not submit a candidate. There were two attempts to elect a president and both boycotted by the Communist Party and the impossibility failure resulting in accumulation of 3/5 of votes for candidate. It followed three interim periods for the position of head of state Mihai Ghimpu (2009-2010), Vlad Filat (2010), Marian Lupu (2010-2012). The Alliance in March 2012 reaches a common denominator for the President, an apolitical person, the magistrate Nicolae Timofti.