...2005/004 New issues in attendance demand: The case of the English football league Simmons, Rob and Forrest, David The Department of Economics Lancaster University Management School Lancaster LA1 4YX UK ©Simmons Rob and Forrest David All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission, provided that full acknowledgement is given. The LUMS Working Papers series can be accessed at http://www.lums.co.uk/publications/ LUMS home page: http://www.lums.lancs.ac.uk/ NEW ISSUES IN ATTENDANCE DEMAND: THE CASE OF THE ENGLISH FOOTBALL LEAGUE David Forrest* University of Salford Rob Simmons** Lancaster University November 2004 *School of Accounting, Economics and Management Science, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, e-mail: d.k.forrest@salford.ac.uk. Phone: 0044 (0)161 295 3674, Fax: 0044 (0)161 295 2130. **(Corresponding author) Department of Economics, The Management School, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YX, e-mail: r.simmons@lancaster.ac.uk. Phone 0044 (0)1524 594234, Fax 0044 (0)1524 594244. Acknowledgement We are grateful to two referees, Tunde Buraimo and participants at the Applied Econometrics Association, Football’s Econometrics Conference, in Patras, Greece, for helpful comments on an earlier draft. 1 ABSTRACT This paper uses an attendance demand model with panel data on over 4,000 games to examine economic problems of fixture congestion in English Football League schedules. We find that televised midweek...
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...Head to Head Collisions: A Real Knock Out Audience- All football players and their parents. Also those fans of the NFL who believe the new rules are taking away from the game. Purpose- Address the recent changes in the NFL concerning the rules against helmet to helmet collisions, and make those involved aware of the dangers of footballs most common and most dangerous injury. Matt Gfeller was the average teenager living in a small suburb town in North Carolina. He grew up loving the game of football and dreamed of the day he would start on the high school varsity team. On August 22, 2008, during the fourth quarter of his first varsity game, Matthew suffered a severe helmet to helmet collision while making a tackle at outside linebacker. This accident caused a fatal traumatic brain injury, putting Matthew into a coma. Matthew never regained consciousness and died two days later on Sunday, August 24, 2008. Tragically, events similar to this happen all too often in the fast-paced, hard hitting game of football. The National Football League has recently taken steps to keep its players safer on the field by making all helmet to helmet hits illegal. Many players and fans alike claim it is taking away from the game, but many ex-NFL players and parents of younger players such as Matthews’ would disagree. They believe that the new reals regarding helmet to helmet impacts should be enforced and helmet standards should be raised to further protect the athletes. The NFL and other...
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...Chick-Fil-A Case Study Isael Cartagena Eastern University This paper was prepared for BUS 300, taught by This case study is about how Chick-fil-A has become an industry leader and in my opinion changed the way we look at fast food. They have found the balance between the financial objectives and the desire to be ethical in business. They are rich with religious values and have no problem showing this. They show this by being closed on Sunday as a way of honoring God and trying to direct their attention to more important things than business. They also show this by having a very extensive corporate giving program. The company has helped thousands of restaurant employees, foster children, and other young people through the WinShape foundation that they established in 1984 to help “shape winners”. They also offer housing, scholarships, summer camps, marriage counseling. Chick-fil-A also has very unique marketing strategies. It’s “Eat Mor Chikin” campaign is one of the longest-running advertising campaigns in the United States. The campaign started with one billboard and since then has grown to clothing, merchandise, tv advertisements, and an annually produced calendars. Chick-fil-A also sponsor collegiate sports with such things As the Chick-fil-A Bowl in college football which also builds its brand. Chick-fil-A has grown since its opening to $3 billion in sales by 2010. It also has grown in size as far as locations with ribbon cutting ceremonies...
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...Warning Concerning Copyright Restrictions The Copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyright material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or reproduction not be "used for any purposes other than private study, scholarship, or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or reproduction for purposes in excess of "fair use," that user may be liable for copyright infringement. How to Say Nothing in 500 Words Paul Roberts Paul Roberts (1917-1967) was a linguist, a teacher, and a writer at San Jose State College from 1946 to 1960 and at Cornell University from 1962 to 1964. His books on writing, including English Syntax (1954) and Patterns of English (1956), have helped generations of high school and college students become better writers. "How to Say Nothing in 500 Words" is taken from his best-known book, Understanding English (1958). Although written almost fifty years ago, the essay is still relevant for student writers today. Good writing, Roberts tells us, is not simply a matter of filling up a page; rather, the words have to hold the reader's interest, and they must say something. In this essay, Roberts uses lively prose and a step-by-step process to guide the student from the blank page to the finished essay...
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...September 2014 Injustice On the night of June 12, 1994, just after midnight, Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman were discovered, brutally murdered outside the front courtyard of Nicole Simpson's Brentwood condominium. Nicole Simpson was the estranged wife of the famous football player and T.V. star O.J. Simpson. Ron Goldman was an acquaintance of Nicole and worked at the Mezulla Restaurant near Nicole’s’ condo. He was believed to have been returning a pair of glasses Nicole’s mother had left at the restaurant earlier that evening. Even though O.J. Simpson was found not guilty in the crime of murder, the large amount of evidence, including DNA evidence, undoubtedly proved guilt, and a murderer walked free. Judge Lance Ito was appointed to hear the case which was widely broadcasted and televised. The prosecution was led by lawyers, Marcia Clark and Christopher Darden and the defense was lead by “The Dream Team”, lawyers, Johnnie Cochran, Robert Shapiro and Robert Blasier. The case was filed in the downtown district of Los Angeles where a more racially diverse jury would be appointed. Keep in mind; this was only two years prior to the Los Angeles riots following the beating and trial of Rodney King. Racial tension was high and treatment of minorities was becoming a huge concern. Prosecutors also decided not to seek the death penalty, a costly mistake that would have otherwise gave them the advantage of having a “death qualified jury”, which studies have shown would have been...
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...franchises fold or relocate because their overall presence didn’t fit their location. For example we have seen Atlanta fail to support a National Hockey League (NHL) team twice, the Flames and Thrashers. Both teams relocated to Canada. This has happened in all of the major sports leagues. But, is a city or region necessarily dependent on these sports franchises to boost their economy? Has Atlanta’s economy declined since the Thrashers left? No. Also, let’s make sure that we don’t leave division one college football and basketball programs out of the discussion. Now, we’ll take a deeper look to see if college and professional sports teams make as big of an impact on their regions economy as we might think they do. The National Football League (NFL) is the biggest sporting draw in the United States. There is activity related to the NFL going on in fifteen cities around the United States on a Sunday at any given time during the season (30 teams play each other). Monday night is also a large draw for the NFL. Because of the massive attendance numbers and money that is spent on anything related to that game, the league provides cities around the country with continuous incoming revenue. According to USA Today’s Paul Wiseman, the NFL supports about 110,000 jobs in NFL cities, which include occupations like hotel workers and bartenders. Wiseman also says that the NFL adds over $5 billion to the economies where NFL franchises are located. As it seems, Wiseman...
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...PANITIA BAHASA INGGERIS SK (FELDA) REDONG, SEGAMAT MODUL TRIUMPH REDONG VOL.1 NO UNIT CONTENTS PAGE 1 - 2 Unit 1 Articles 3 3 Unit 2 Nouns 7 4 Unit 3 Proper Nouns 10 5 Unit 4 Countable & Uncountable Nouns 11 6 Unit 5 Collective Nouns 12 7 Unit 6 Pronouns 15 8 Unit 7 Reflexive Pronouns 20 9 Unit 8 Demonstrative Pronouns 22 10 Unit 9 Verbs 23 11 Unit 10 Subject Verb Agreement 25 12 Unit 11 Auxiliary Verbs / Modals 29 13 Unit 12 Verb To Be 33 14 Unit 13 Simple Present Tense 36 15 Unit 14 Simple Past Tense 39 16 Unit 15 Simple Future Tense 48 17 Unit 16 Progressive Tense – Past & Present 51 18 Unit 17 Past Progressive Tense 53 19 Unit 18 Present Progressive 55 20 Unit 19 Prepositions 57 21 Unit 20 Adverbs 63 22 Unit 21 Adjectives 67 23 Unit 22 Questions Tag 74 24 Unit 23 Wh-Questions 77 25 Unit 24 Conjunctions 80 26 Unit 25 Punctuation 86 27 BONUS 100 Questions Grammar Practice 95 Contents 2|Modul Triumph Redong Vol. 1 – Mia Antasha UNIT 1 : ARTICLES These are the words a, an and the which usually comes before the nouns or adjectives. 1. Definite article – the This refers to something specific or definite. The usually means ‘You know...
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...Downloaded by [University of Ottawa] at 14:44 24 March 2014 Football, Violence and Social Identity Downloaded by [University of Ottawa] at 14:44 24 March 2014 As the 1994 World Cup competition in the USA again demonstrates, football is one of the most popular participant and spectator sports around the world. The fortunes of teams can have great significance for the communities they represent at both local and national levels. Social and cultural analysts have only recently started to investigate the wide variety of customs, values and social patterns that surround the game in different societies. This volume contributes to the widening focus of research by presenting new data and explanations of football-related violence. Episodes of violence associated with football are relatively infrequent, but the occasional violent events which attract great media attention have their roots in the rituals of the matches, the loyalties and identities of players and crowds and the wider cultures and politics of the host societies. This book provides a unique cross-national examination of patterns of order and conflict surrounding football matches from this perspective with examples provided by expert contributors from Scotland, England, Norway, the Netherlands, Italy, Argentina and the USA. This book will be of interest to an international readership of informed soccer and sport enthusiasts and students of sport, leisure, society, deviance and culture. Richard Giulianotti, Norman...
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...Jim Albert and Ruud H. Koning (eds.) Statistical Thinking in Sports CRC PRESS Boca Raton Ann Arbor London Tokyo Contents 1 Introduction Jim Albert and Ruud H. Koning 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Patterns of world records in sports (2 articles) . . . . . . . 1.1.2 Competition, rankings and betting in soccer (3 articles) . . 1.1.3 An investigation into some popular baseball myths (3 articles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 Uncertainty of attendance at sports events (2 articles) . . . 1.1.5 Home advantage, myths in tennis, drafting in hockey pools, American football . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modelling the development of world records in running Gerard H. Kuper and Elmer Sterken 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Modelling world records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 Cross-sectional approach . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.2 Fitting the individual curves . . . . . . . . 2.3 Selection of the functional form . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Candidate functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2 Theoretical selection of curves . . . . . . . 2.3.3 Fitting the models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.4 The Gompertz curve in more detail...
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...The Assignment BUS 520 Meaning of action: semantic vs pragmatic. The importance of language : How we speak about action; what are the specific circumstances between actors. Language creates new meanings. New linguistic meanings create new possibilities and social realities. And language and action inform each other. Example: the statement “Jump from the window!” can mean many things. The statement can be “reinterpreted in many ways” and “different kinds of actions” are compatible/triggered by that statement, other than the literal interpretation and action that reflects the literal meaning. Semantics views action as propositional sentences. Seen as statements that someone makes to someone about something; they refer to events in the world (mere descriptions of things). Theory of action: from what? To Why? To who? (the agent). Focusing too much on What? and Why? and losing track of Who? (The who? Is ultimately needed for understand action from an ethical perspective.) We need to understand action related to an agent (not just a logical agent but a self). Attribution (of predicates) to a logical subject is not the same as: Ascription to a self where the agent can self-designate himself in the action he performed (or better yet, that he has not yet performed). Imputation (of moral value to an action) is an improvement over attribution but it is not enough. We must distinguish between event vs. action, knowing how vs. knowing that. Action can...
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...Cambridge From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the city in England. For other uses, see Cambridge (disambiguation). City of Cambridge | — City & non-metropolitan district — | King's College Chapel, seen from the Backs | Coat of Arms of the City Council | | Cambridge shown within Cambridgeshire | Coordinates: 52.205°N 0.119°E | Sovereign state | United Kingdom | Constituent country | England | Region | East of England | Ceremonial county | Cambridgeshire | Admin HQ | Cambridge Guildhall | Founded | 1st century | City status | 1951 | Government | • Type | Non-metropolitan district, city | • Governing body | Cambridge City Council | • Mayor | Sheila Stuart[1] | • MPs: | Julian Huppert (LD) Andrew Lansley (C) | Area | • Total | 44.65 sq mi (115.65 km2) | Elevation | 20 ft (6 m) | Population (2011 est.) | • Total | 123,900 (ranked 171st) | • County | 752,900 | • Ethnicity[2] | 73.8% White British 1.3% White Irish 9.8% White Other 2.2% Mixed Race 5.5% Asian 5.1% Chinese and other 2.3% Black | Time zone | Greenwich Mean Time (UTC+0) | • Summer (DST) | BST (UTC+1) | Postcode | CB1 – CB5 | Area code(s) | 01223 | ONS code | 12UB (ONS) E07000008 (GSS) | OS grid reference | TL450588 | Website | www.cambridge.gov.uk | Cambridge in 1575 The city of Cambridge (i/ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒ/ KAYM-brij) is a university town and the administrative centre of the county...
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...didn't fail was English. Holden tells the readers that he had come back to Agerstown, Pennsylvania though he was traveling with his team for a fencing contest, he lost all of the foils in a New York Subway, and so the match was cancelled instead. Holden even mentioned that on the way home his mates treated him to silence and he found this very amusing. Though there was a football game going on, Holden didn't go down and watch it, instead he went to visit his old history teacher, Mr. Spencer. Mr. Spencer is a very old man who wants to help Caulfield in his studies (since Holden has also been expelled in a few other schools as well) and at some point Mr. Spencer even read out Holden's examination paper and the little note that Holden had written in the end saying that if Mr. Spencer would like to flunk him then he'd be all right with it, Holden explained to the readers that the purpose of this note was not to irritate Mr. Spencer but so that Mr. Spencer would not feel bad about failing him. After this, Holden leaves Mr. Spencer's house and goes to his dorm. The dorm at this time is very quiet due to the football game where everyone is. Holden then just wears this red hunting hat with a peak that he bought in New York City for a buck and started to read again 'Out...
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...|Internal Control and Accounting Systems (AQ2013) | |For use in the AAT Accounting Qualification | |A to Z Vehicle hire |Assessment book | Time allowed: Four months |AAT Level 4 Diploma in Accounting |QCF qual ref |SCQF qual ref |QCF unit ref |SCQF unit ref | |Internal Control and Accounting Systems |600/6892/9 |R324 04 |F/504/3353 |UD65 04 | |Notice to candidates | |All candidates must adhere to the terms and conditions specified for this assessment. | | | |Your report must be typed, completed and submitted for formal assessment within four months. Your assessment start date was recorded onto the assessment | |platform when you accepted the terms and conditions...
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...Land and Climate Area (sq. mi.): 2,988,902 Area (sq. km.): 7,741,220 Australia is the sixth largest country in the world. It is just smaller than Brazil and about four-and-a-half times the size of the U.S. state of Alaska. Australia is the only country that occupies a complete continent. It is also the driest inhabited continent in the world. About one-third of its land is desert and another third is composed of poor-quality land. A long chain of mountains, the Great Dividing Range, runs along the Pacific coast. Fertile farmland lies east of the Great Dividing Range, in the southwestern corner of Western Australia, and in the island state of Tasmania. Cattle stations (ranches) reach the edge of the barren interior desert. The famed Australian Outback is an undefined region that encompasses all remote, undeveloped areas. The Outback is seen as a mystical heartland or frontier—a symbol of Australia's strength and independence—where the climate is hot, life is hard, and people are tough, independent, and few. CultureGramsTMWorld Edition 2015 | Commonwealth of Australia | BACKGROUND include the emu, cockatoo, and kookaburra. Australia's snakes are among the most venomous in the world. BACKGROUND include the emu, cockatoo, and kookaburra. Australia's snakes are among the most venomous in the world. Among Australia's natural wonders is the Great Barrier Reef, a system of coral reefs that extends more than 1,250 miles (2,000 kilometers) near Australia's northeast coast...
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...JWCL165_c09_396-443.qxd 8/4/09 9:39 PM Page 396 Chapter 9 Plant Assets, Natural Resources, and Intangible Assets STUDY OBJECTIVES After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1 Describe how the cost principle applies to plant assets. 2 Explain the concept of depreciation. 3 Compute periodic depreciation using different methods. 4 Describe the procedure for revising periodic depreciation. 5 Distinguish between revenue and capital expenditures, and explain the entries for each. 6 Explain how to account for the disposal of a plant asset. 7 Compute periodic depletion of natural resources. 8 Explain the basic issues related to accounting for intangible assets. 9 Indicate how plant assets, natural resources, and intangible assets are The Navigator reported. ✓ The Navigator Scan Study Objectives Read Feature Story Read Preview Read text and answer p. 402 ■ ■ ■ ■ p. 409 ■ Do it! p. 412 Do it! ■ p. 417 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Work Comprehensive p. 421 p. 422 Review Summary of Study Objectives Answer Self-Study Questions Complete Assignments ✓ Feature Story HOW MUCH FOR A RIDE TO THE BEACH? It’s spring break. Your plane has landed, you’ve finally found your bags, and you’re dying to hit the beach—but first you need a “vehicular unit” to get 396 JWCL165_c09_396-443.qxd 7/31/09 4:20 PM Page 397 you there. As you turn away from baggage claim you see a long row of rental agency booths. Many are names you are familiar...
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