...with institutionalized and inner-city youngsters, Dr. Maria Montessori was struck by how avidly the children absorbed knowledge from their surroundings. Given developmentally appropriate materials and the freedom to follow their interests, they joyfully taught themselves. Dr. Montessori observed the following, 1 "When the teachers were weary of my observations, they began to allow the children to do whatever they pleased. I saw children with their feet on the tables, or with their fingers in their noses, and no intervention was made to correct them. I saw others push their companions, and I saw dawn in the faces of these an expression of violence; and not the slightest attention on the part of the teacher. Then I had to intervene to show with what absolute rigor it is necessary to hinder, and little by little suppress, all those things which we must not do, so that the child may come to discern clearly between good and evil. " 2" A room in which all the children move about usefully, intelligently, and voluntarily, without committing any rough or rude act, would seem to me a classroom very well disciplined indeed." A disciplined classroom fosters a richer learning environment. The goal of Montessori education is to foster a child's natural inclination to learn. Montessori teachers guide rather than instruct, linking each student with activities that meet his interests, needs, and developmental level. The classroom is designed to allow movement and collaboration, as it also...
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...Lauren Bridgewaters HIST 310-01 March 25, 2015 Maria Montessori “It is the child who makes the man, and no man exists who was not made by the child he once was.” –Maria Montessori Maria Montessori was born on August 31, 1870 in Chiaravalle, Italy. She was well schooled and an avid reader since her mother came from a family who valued education and her father financial manager for a state-run industry. Education for Italian women was not very common at this time, so it was definitely seen as a gift. Maria was not only an Italian physician but also an educator and innovator. Maria opened the first Montessori school which was called the Casa dei Bambini or Children’s House. The school was built in Rome in 1907. Her educational methods were built on the way children naturally learned. Montessori learning differed from regular learning in the sense that Montessori learning used all five senses. In the beginning of her life, Maria grew up in Rome, which opened the doors to many libraries and museums. Rome also had many fine schools. Maria was a great, ambitious student and she refused, even at an early age, to let the expectations for women stop her. One example of this was Maria attending an all-boys school at age thirteen to become an engineer. After some time, she decided that engineering was not for her and she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. Maria applied at the University of Rome’s medical program only to find out that later, she would be rejected. Being...
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...Montessori: Evolving Toward a Public Secondary School in the 21st Century Nadia Bryden November 7, 2012 Abstract The educational community has long been familiar with the Montessori method for its international ability to remediate or engage children who are, for any number of reasons, not suited to traditional public schooling. This paper examines the basis of the need for alternative schooling, outlines the development and evolution of the Montessori method and philosophy, and validates the methodology in research, providing a side-by-side comparison for examination of relative strengths and weaknesses of the program. For 21st century school reformists seeking alternative methods of education or an individualized, child-centered curriculum, Montessori presents itself as an adaptive, hands-on, future-friendly option for the democratic community as it evolves toward offering a full preschool to secondary public program. Keywords: Montessori, constructivism, independence, Dewey, progressive, alternative education Montessori: Evolving Toward a Public Secondary School in the 21st Century Since the time of early philosophers such as Socrates, Aristotle and Plato, to whom we can trace the traditional subjects of the common core curriculum, there have been heated political and social debates surrounding the field of education. Rather than being discouraged by their recurrent nature, academic planners and developers must examine these questions anew to refresh our views...
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...Question: How is the child's exploration and orientation in his physical environment complimented by the Montessori materials and presentation? Dr. Maria Montessori, the revolutionary explorer in early childhood education in the 20th century discovered a world within the child. Her observations of the child, at Casa dei Bambini - the first Montessori Classroom - led her to discover the secrets of childhood. And the framework of Montessori Philosophy is based on three important discoveries; Tendencies, Absorbent Mind and Sensitive Periods. As Dr. Montessori said, the child has his own potential for life to develop. It is important for the adult to understand and allow the child build himself by his own experiences without the adult trying to fill their knowledge onto the child. Every child posses a pre-determined pattern of psychic unfold, which is not visible at birth but it is revealed when the child is exposed to the environment with freedom. When these two factors are provided, child’s psychic life will reach its potential and build his personality for his survival in the society. From birth and throughout the childhood, a child’s Absorbent Mind allows him to absorb impressions from his surrounding environment and directly store it into his psychic life. As an infant these impressions are absorbed unconsciously but gradually when the child has a conscious mind, he absorb impressions consciously and make language connections. There are blocks of time in early years...
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...caregiver to their independence is often facilitated through preschool. This paper will discuss this evolution through the social embryotic stage, some of the obstacles children need to surpass, the benefits of the right environment, the changing role of the teacher throughout this process and the optimum guidance for a child (Montessori 1966, 2007a, 2007b). There are three terms which require defining prior to understanding the role of a teacher. The first is the term “teacher” as Montessori’s expectations of a teacher are vastly different from what has and is expected. Secondly there are the deviations which hinder a child’s natural path. And the final term “normalisation” which suggests some sort of psychiatric reprogramming, but in fact is the exact opposite (Montessori, 2007a). A Montessori teacher must be a guardian for the child’s learning and care, a custodian to the favourable environment, an observer of each child’s nuances, a gentle hand that leads and an instructor to those in their care. When Montessori began her schools the teachers had to be untrained and taught how to teach by example, guide based on the individual needs/observations and exude patience and love (Montessori, 1966). The typical perception of a teacher is the director of the class. The teacher controls the content, schedule, volume and often tone of the classroom whilst insisting on a degree of subservience. Montessori teachers contradict many of these roles and follow the lead of the child, recognising...
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...Philosophers’ Matrix and Analysis Philosophers | Classroom Engagement | Teaching and Learning | Parent or Community Involvement | Student social or emotional support | Confucius(551-479 BCE) | Cultivation of character, through observation, study and reflective thought. | Rote learning and memorization. | Parents working with child in the home setting continuing the skills of rote learning at home. | Students work asa group, think as a group therefore gaining social and emotional support from one another. | John Locke(1632-1704) | Skills and knowledge are gained by examples and practicing. | Learning by example through motivation simulated by the teacher. Not learning just reading, writing and math, but also virtue and wisdom. | Parents and community leading by example through showing respect and values to all students. | Social and emotional support incorporated through parent and teacher involvement with students. | John Dewey(1859-1952) | Content must be presented in a way that allows the student to relate the information to prior experiences, thus deepening the connection with this new knowledge. | Focus on learning by implementing “hands-on” activities. Strongly emphasizes the teacher’s role as being a “facilitator or guide”. | Encouraged parents to be an active part in their children’s education. | Felt strongly that school itself was a social organization. | Maria Montessori(1870-1952) | Adapt the environment, to link the child through well-thought-out lessons...
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...MTE 501 Entire Course For more classes visit www.snaptutorial.com MTE 501 Entire Course MTE 501 Week 1 Individual Assignment Evolution of Education Timeline MTE 501 Week 2 Individual Assignment Educational Issues MTE 501 Week 2 Team Assignment Educational Learning Opportunities MTE 501 Week 3 Individual Assignment Philosophical and Educational Perspectives MTE 501 Week 3 Team Assignment Educator Philosophy Interview MTE 501 Week 4 Individual Assignment Classroom Observation MTE 501 Week 4 Individual Assignment Ethical Decisions Presentation MTE 501 Week 4 Individual Assignment Professional Expectations Brochure MTE 501 Week 4 Team Assignment Ethical Decisions Presentation ----------------------------------------------- MTE 501 Week 1 Individual Assignment Evolution of Education Timeline For more classes visit www.snaptutorial.com Watch all eight sections of "The History of Education" video. Reflect on how education has evolved in your own lifetime. Create a timeline or use a timeline maker, such as the one from the ReadWriteThink® website, to display how educational policies and practices have evolved throughout your lifetime. Include a minimum of eight entries. At least two of those entries must describe important government mandates that have made major contributions to the field of education. • All entries on your timeline must be supported by an explanation and citation. Develop a list of references used to create the timeline. Format your...
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...CHILD DEVELOPMENT ESSAY Sensitive Mothering is essential to the social and emotional development of the child. Discuss this statement in the context of relevant development theory. • Explain what is meant by the term Sensitive Mothering. Explain why sensitive mothering is important in building a positive emotional base. • Link this explanation to Bowlby’s attachment theory and Ainsworth’s studies. You will need to show an understanding of the internal working model of attachment and how sensitive mothering impacts the quality of attachment. • Links also need to be made to Erikson’s relevant psychological stages of personality development, emphasizing the importance of a supportive social environment. • Consider research that determines how early attachment impacts social and emotional development of three to five year olds and adults. Bowlby (1969 cited in Nicholls & Kirkland, 1996, p.55) states that an important element in the development of secure attachment is maternal sensitivity. This is necessary in order to engender an infant’s confidence in a mother's accessibility and responsiveness. Ainsworth et al (1978 cited in Barnes, 1995, p.14) opine that maternal sensitivity predicts the extent of attachment between mother and infant. “Mothers who are more sensitive, responsive, accessible and cooperative during their child’s first year are likely to have a child who develops a secure attachment”. Ainsworth et al, (1978 cited in Barnes, 1995...
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...MTE 501 Entire Course For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com MTE 501 Entire Course MTE 501 Week 1 Individual Assignment Evolution of Education Timeline MTE 501 Week 2 Individual Assignment Educational Issues MTE 501 Week 2 Team Assignment Educational Learning Opportunities MTE 501 Week 3 Individual Assignment Philosophical and Educational Perspectives MTE 501 Week 3 Team Assignment Educator Philosophy Interview MTE 501 Week 4 Individual Assignment Classroom Observation MTE 501 Week 4 Individual Assignment Ethical Decisions Presentation MTE 501 Week 4 Individual Assignment Professional Expectations Brochure ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MTE 501 Week 1 Individual Assignment Evolution of Education Timeline For more course tutorials visit www.tutorialrank.com Watch all eight sections of "The History of Education" video. Reflect on how education has evolved in your own lifetime. Create a timeline or use a timeline maker, such as the one from the ReadWriteThink® website, to display how educational policies and practices have evolved throughout your lifetime. Include a minimum of eight entries. At least two of those entries must describe important government mandates that have made major contributions to the field of education. • All entries on your timeline must be supported by an explanation and citation. Develop a list of references used to create the timeline. Format your citations...
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...Title of module: Early Care & Education Practice Module Code: 5N1770 Level: 5 Assessment Technique: Assignment 1 Assessment Weighting: 30% Date Brief Issued: 22nd September 2015 Assessment Submission Date: 3rd November 2015 Assignment title: Historical Perspective on the development of the ECCE sector in Ireland Introduction: Aim: My aim is to investigate and present a comprehensive and informative profile of the history of the Early Childhood Education and Care (ECCE) sector today in Ireland. Objectives: My objectives are to: * Present informative overview of the history of the ECCE provision in Ireland and the development of the ECCE sector. * Examine and provide a detailed description of the legal regulations and the rights of the child in the ECCE sector in Ireland today. * Present range of occupations of the ECCE sector in Ireland and their role. * Investigate the qualifications and experience necessary with one chosen occupation in the ECCE sector. * Investigate career opportunities that are available in the childcare sector. Rationale: It is important for me to have a good knowledge and the history of the ECCE provision in Ireland as this is my chosen career. It is very important for me to understand how the Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) has progressed over the years and also investigate the different range of occupations in the ECCE sector. As it’s my chosen career it is important for me to have a good...
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...ASSIGNMENT 10 PROJECT WORK a) Project for primary classroom THE TROPICAL RAINFOREST UNITOVERVIEW This primary unit takes across curricular approach involving language arts, math, science, and social studies. Art, music and movement education activities are also used to develop the concepts in this unit. Students will learn about the rainforest through a variety of activities to complete both on-line and in downloadable format for use in the classroom. In addition there is a resource bank of print and non-print resources included. Each lesson develops a particular focus and may take one class or several classes to complete. Extending activities are also provided as well as assessment and evaluation tools and templates. Foundational Objectives: Knowledge ! Students will increase their knowledge about the rainforest. Skills and habits * Learn about and practice the skills and strategies of effective listeners, speakers, readers, writers and representers. * Speak and write to express thoughts, information, feelings and experiences in a variety of forms for a variety of purposes and audiences. * Read and view a range of grade-level appropriate oral, print, and other media texts in a variety of situations for a variety of purposes. * Assess personal and group strengths...
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...Human Development and Counseling Approach Paper PSY 430A – Counseling Theory Professor Kimberly Anderson Warner Pacific College March 3, 2013 Human Development and Counseling Approach Paper My Beliefs When I think about human development I think about life and the steps we take in our developmental process. From conception to birth, through the early years, middle school, high school and college – then life, a job, spouse, the house and a family – from there you have established a life, and you deal with the ups and downs of what life hands you. We spend our whole life developing. Regardless of what we think or believe we are constant learners and constantly developing into our individual selves. Along the road of life there will be ups, downs, successes and failures, but through it all as individuals we are developing into the person we are supposed to be. Human development is that whole process, from birth to death and all that is in between. Everything we do, learn, and achieve has to do with our development. The role of development theorists are significant in knowing what we know today and the research performed from centuries earlier have guided others and inspired others to expand and continue to evolve the foundation of developmental theory into what it is today. Theorists such as Freud, Piaget and Vygotsky were the forefathers of development theory and their work was significant. However they provided the framework for other theorists to expand...
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...PRESCHOOL CLASSROOM Janelle Conlin Early Childhood Curriculum & Methods: ECE311 Instructor: Michael Walter August 10, 2012 PRESCHOOL CLASSROOM Preschool classroom’s fosters an exploratory play environment for children ages four to five to prepare students for private school kindergarten courses and utilizes North Carolina kindergarten standards to develop curriculum. Cumberland County public school system does not have the best reputation for educating students and has created a need for more private schools. Currently, we only offer a preschool program but plan to expand into the elementary school ages. As the new school year approaches I will be redesigning the classroom environment and curriculum by incorporating theories from Reggio Emilia, Creative Curriculum, and High Scope Curriculum along with including state standard activities to cover the main concepts for the core subjects to prepare for Kindergarten. Classroom environment and teaching strategies will incorporate philosophies and theories from Reggio Emilia, Creative Curriculum, High Scope Curriculum, and Piaget’s theory into a comprehensive curriculum design for preschoolers. When developing curriculum it is important for this age group to have several approaches. “Children ages 3–8 benefit from planned, teacher-guided, interactive small-group and large- group experiences” (NAEYC, 2009). “Reggio Emilia programs demonstrate how planning an environment is driven by respect for the rights of the...
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...Ever since the earliest hominid knew something he wanted to share, the human race has been in an eternal struggle to find slightly more effective ways of conveying knowledge and skills. Thousands of years of evolution, Ancient Greece society notwithstanding, culminated in the invention of the ruler, which was not only a tool to measure the dimension of various objects, but it also doubled as a form of negative reinforcement to incentivize poorly performing and troublesome students. In the western world, specifically the United States, people began to turn away from physically abusing students and began to look for more effective ways of educating the nation’s larval citizenry. It would be unfair to speak of education theories without mentioning Socrates, Plato and Aristotle, as they together were of the first to put forth an effort towards understanding, among many things, how people think and why. Roughly 2000 years later, there were a growing number of educated individuals beginning to take second look at everything we thought we knew about being human. Among these people, there was Ivan Pavlov, who began ringing a bell, and not only did Clarence get his wings, but what was learned through the well-known story of Pavlov and his dogs also served as the impetus for John Watson and B. F. Skinner and their ground-breaking notion of Behaviorism. Behaviorism, simplified, is the theory that a person is the product of their environment, and to change a person’s behavior,...
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...being used in kindergartens. This action research project explores the using of play and creative arts in a kindergarten classroom. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze how play and creative arts activities enhance and support children’s learning in literacy and numeracy lessons. Qualitative methods were used to gain data that reflect on the implementation of play and creative arts strategies and activities in teaching and the interpretation collected from participants. The three types of tools that used to collect data are observations, interviews and a reflective journal to ensure validity of results. After analyzing the data, two interrelated themes emerged. The first theme highlights the benefits of play and creative arts in early childhood. The second theme shows the benefits of using them can support literacy and numeracy development. Consequently play and creative arts seems to promote development in children’s learning processes and they also offer the learners’ confidence in their learning. To conclude, this study shows that play and creative arts may have positive effect in improving the children’s overall performance and attitudes. Play and creative arts are important aspects of children’s learning that are being used in kindergartens. This action research project explores the using of play and creative arts in a kindergarten classroom. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze how play and creative arts activities enhance and support children’s...
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