...The Evolution of FinTech: A New Post-Crisis Paradigm? Douglas W. Arner* Jànos Barberis** Ross P. Buckley*** Abstract: “Financial technology” or “FinTech” refers to technology enabled financial solutions. FinTech is often seen today as the new marriage of financial services and information technology. However, the interlinkage of finance and technology has a long history and has evolved over three distinct eras. FinTech 1.0, from 1866 to 1987, was the first period of financial globalization supported by technological infrastructure such as transatlantic transmission cables. This was followed by FinTech 2.0, from 1987-2008, during which financial services firms increasingly digitized their processes. Since 2008 a new era of FinTech has emerged in both the developed and developing world. This era is defined not by the financial products or services delivered but by who delivers them. This latest evolution of FinTech, led by start-ups, poses challenges for regulators and market participants alike, particularly in balancing the potential benefits of innovation with the possible risks of new approaches. * Professor, Co-Director, Duke-HKU Asia America Institute in Transnational Law, and Member, Board of Management, Asian Institute of International Financial Law, Faculty of Law, University of Hong Kong. ** Senior Research Fellow, Asian Institute of International Financial Law, Faculty of Law, University of Hong Kong; and Founder, FinTech HK. *** CIFR King...
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...Journal of Economic Literature 2010, 48:4, 935–963 http:www.aeaweb.org/articles.php?doi=10.1257/jel.48.4.935 Quality Disclosure and Certification: Theory and Practice David Dranove and Ginger Zhe Jin* This essay reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on quality disclosure and certification. After comparing quality disclosure with other quality assurance mechanisms and describing a brief history of quality disclosure, we address two sets of theoretical issues. First, why don’t sellers voluntarily disclose through a process of “unraveling” and, given the lack of unraveling, is it desirable to mandate seller disclosure? Second, when we rely on certifiers to act as the intermediary of quality disclosure, do certifiers necessarily report unbiased and accurate information? We further review empirical evidence on these issues, with a particular focus on healthcare, education, and finance. The empirical review covers quality measurement, the effect of third-party disclosure on consumer choice and seller behavior, as well as the economics of certifiers. ( JEL D18, K32, L15, M31) 1. Introduction A young couple expecting their first child might consult healthgrades.com hospital rankings to help choose where to deliver their baby. A year later, the couple decides they need an SUV and consults performance specifications provided by manufacturers and reads Consumer Reports to learn about reliability. Soon thereafter, the couple ...
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...robin blackburn THE SUBPRIME CRISIS I n the summer of 2007 many leading banks in the us and Europe were hit by a collapse in the value of mortgage-backed securities which they had themselves been responsible for packaging.* To the surprise of many, the poisonous securities turned out to constitute a major portion of their ultimate asset base. The defaults fostered a credit crunch as all financial institutions hoarded cash and required ever widening premiums before lending to one another. The Wall Street investment banks and brokerages haemorrhaged $175 billion of capital in the period July 2007 to March 2008, and Bear Stearns, the fifth largest, was ‘rescued’ in March, at a fire-sale price, by JP Morgan Chase with the help of $29 billion of guarantees from the Federal Reserve. Many of the rest only survived by selling huge chunks of preferred stock, with guaranteed premium rates of return, to a string of ‘sovereign funds’, owned by the governments of Abu Dhabi, Singapore, South Korea and China, among others. By the end of January 2008, $75 billion of new capital had been injected into the banks, but it was not enough. In the uk the sharply rising cost of liquidity destroyed the business model of a large mortgage house, leading to the first bank run in the uk for 150 years and obliging the British Chancellor first to extend nearly £60 billion in loans and guarantees to its depositors and then to take the concern, Northern Rock, into public ownership. In late January Société...
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...Business Plans Handbook Business Plans A COMPILATION OF BUSINESS PLANS DEVELOPED BY INDIVIDUALS NORTH THROUGHOUT AMERICA Handbook VOLUME 16 Lynn M. Pearce, Project Editor Business Plans Handbook, Volume 16 Project Editor: Lynn M. Pearce Product Manager: Jenai Drouillard Product Design: Jennifer Wahi Composition and Electronic Prepress: Evi Seoud Manufacturing: Rita Wimberley Editorial: Erin Braun ª 2010 Gale, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other applicable laws. The authors and editors of this work have added value to the underlying factual material herein through one or more of the following: unique and original selection, coordination, expression, arrangement, and classification of the information. For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Gale Customer Support, 1-800-877-4253. For permission to use material...
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...thomas a . meyer How Great companies Get Started in terrible times Innovate! Innovate! How Great Companies Get Started in Terrible Times THOMAS A. MEYER John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 2010 by Thomas A. Meyer. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose...
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...& SingTel Annual Report 2014 This Year's Report CoNTENTS overview an overview of our business, providing details on how we performed, key events and achievements from the past year, as well as our strategy moving forward Our Vision and Mission Our Mobile Reach What Differentiates Us Our Strategy An Exciting Year Chairman's Statement GCEO Review 01 02 04 05 06 08 10 12 buSineSS review insight into each of our business units SuSTainabiliTy and governance information on our organisation structure, management team, corporate governance, risk management and sustainability efforts 16 24 30 36 Board of Directors Organisation Structure Management Committee Senior Management Sustainability and Governance Philosophy Corporate Governance Investor Relations Risk Management Philosophy and Approach Sustainability 39 44 45 48 49 50 70 72 80 Group Consumer Group Enterprise Group Digital L!fe Key Awards and Accolades performance our performance at a glance financialS audited financial statements for the year ended 31 march 2014 89 91 92 Directors’ Report Statement of Directors Independent Auditors’ Report Consolidated Income Statement Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income Statements of Financial Position Statements of Changes in Equity Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Notes to the Financial Statements 102 110 111 112 113 114 116 120 123 addiTional informaTion Shareholder and corporate information, as well as contact points for our offices worldwide...
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...Chapter 1 — Business Combinations: America's Most Popular Business Activity, Bringing an End to the Controversy MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. An a. b. c. d. economic advantage of a business combination includes Utilizing duplicative assets. Creating separate management teams. Coordinated marketing campaigns. Horizontally combining levels within the marketing chain. C DIF: E OBJ: 1 ANS: 2. A tax advantage of business combination can occur when the existing owner of a company sells out and receives: a. cash to defer the taxable gain as a "tax-free reorganization." b. stock to defer the taxable gain as a "tax-free reorganization." c. cash to create a taxable gain. d. stock to create a taxable gain. ANS: B DIF: E OBJ: 1 3. A controlling interest in a company implies that the parent company a. owns all of the subsidiary's stock. b. has influence over a majority of the subsidiary's assets. c. has paid cash for a majority of the subsidiary's stock. d. has transferred common stock for a majority of the subsidiary's outstanding bonds and debentures. ANS: B DIF: M OBJ: 2 4. Which of the following is a potential abuse that may arise when a business combination is accounted for as a pooling of interests? a. Assets of the buyer may be overvalued when the price paid by the investor is allocated among specific assets. b. Earnings of the pooled entity may be increased because of the combination only and not as a result of efficient operations. c. Liabilities may be undervalued when the price...
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