...1) I agreed with Pope Paul that "the world is sick." The sickness Pope Paul mentions is the disease of injustice. Injustice is seen in the those who face starvation, those without shelter, healthcare, those who are victims of war. The reading stated that injustice brings destruction and diminishment to millions and death to thousands. If those numbers continue in the future, I agree that it would be hard for the world to survive. It could be said that with this knowledge, it's our job to make the world healthy again and help the many that are suffering. 2) Injustice is a failure of moral imagination because in order to move move from injustice to justice, we have to reimagine the world. The conversion to justice demands that we are able and willing to see, think, and imagine differently. The lyrics to Imagine seem to agree with this premise. "Imagine there's no countries.... Nothing to kill or die for." This relates to the premise of the injustice of war and innocent victims. "Imagine no possessions......no need for greed or hunger." These are all injustices in the world and are things we can cure by reimagining the world as one. 3) Justice is the virtue or human togetherness and it governs our relations with others by ensuring we respect their dignity as persons and give them their due. Justice isn't something that begins by creating a bond between ourselves and others however. Instead it recognizes and honors that bond that is already there. Justice is there everyday...
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...suffering where they could and make spiritual meaning of it where they could not. When healing happened, the hand of God got the credit, and when healing failed, faith eased the loss. However, conflict was inevitable. One part of the religious-medical mindset is compassionate service, but another part is passive acceptance of divine will. Consequently, over the centuries as medical science has emerged, first in the rudimentary trials and errors of folk practitioners and then as an actual scientific endeavor, institutional Christianity has had mixed reactions. When push comes to shove, religion is designed to help us transcend our mortal condition in a world to come, not to help us overcome it in this one. Consequently, in religion-based healthcare the ultimate good is actually the health of the soul, as understood by a specific authoritarian tradition and set of practitioners. Suffering, in this view, may be a test, a punishment, or a way of cleansing sin. In any case trying to discern and obey God’s will is supremely important. Our lives belong to God. Contrast this with the worldview of medical science—that human suffering is a natural phenomenon; that our experience in this world is controlled by physical and biological laws; that by understanding these laws we have the power to prevent illness and cure it or to limit suffering when both of those are impossible. In medical science, it is the health of the body and the quality of this life that matters, and our lives are our...
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...Etymology[edit] The term Bioethics (Greek bios, life; ethos, behavior) was coined in 1926 by Fritz Jahr, who "anticipated many of the arguments and discussions now current in biological research involving animals" in an article about the "bioethical imperative," as he called it, regarding the scientific use of animals and plants.[1] In 1970, the American biochemist Van Rensselaer Potter also used the term with a broader meaning including solidarity towards the biosphere, thus generating a "global ethics," a discipline representing a link between biology, ecology, medicine and human values in order to attain the survival of both human beings and other animal species.[2][3] Purpose and scope[edit] The field of bioethics has addressed a broad swathe of human inquiry, ranging from debates over the boundaries of life (e.g. abortion, euthanasia), surrogacy, the allocation of scarce health care resources (e.g. organ donation, health care rationing) to the right to refuse medical care for religious or cultural reasons. Bioethicists often disagree among themselves over the precise limits of their discipline, debating whether the field should concern itself with the ethical evaluation of all questions involving biology and medicine, or only a subset of these questions.[4] Some bioethicists would narrow ethical evaluation only to the morality of medical treatments or technological innovations, and the timing of medical treatment of humans. Others would broaden the scope of ethical evaluation...
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...excited. I know from working in the medical field that many different and challenging situations arise and need to be addressed properly, that is where medical ethics comes into play. During this semester I learned about multiple different issues, thoughts, beliefs and reasons on how we should deal with certain situations. But, there were two things that struck me and make me think when I am at work dealing with patients and their families. Medical ethics is defined as a system of moral principles that apply values and judgments to the practice of medicine. As a learned discipline, medical ethics encompasses its everyday use in clinical settings as well as work on its history, philosophy, theology, and sociology. There are several moral principles and values that help to provide a framework for understanding conflicts. . If you look at each of them individually, one cannot survive without the other. Because of this each one helps to make the moral system effective. Of the three moral principles (autonomy, beneficence, justice), the one that seems the most important to me is autonomy. Autonomy is when a rational individual chooses to make an informed, un-coerced decision. It is important when it comes to respecting a person’s...
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...resist pests. There are different edible foods, which have been designed through the technology. The last century has recorded discoveries that have involved immense benefits on human lives. The findings involve the use of genes, which refer to the reason behind the different characteristics and features among different humans. However, the new technology involves knowledge, which facilitates an alteration of the human characteristics. Humans have benefited from the technology of designer babies by elimination of the harmful genes as experienced in 2001 in Los Angeles. Contrarily, religion nd the society continue to question the social and moral well-being of creating a child with the traits that the parents desire. The opponents of the technology argue that genetic technology is uncertain and contradicts the perfect nature of god. Despite the moral and social issues of designer babies, the technology is valuable in ensuring a peaceful and healthy society. The history of eugenics dates back to the 12000 BC when humans recorded the first genetic modification. The first practice involves the domestication of organism by human. History remains relevant for the topic of designer babies...
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...What Should a Christians Role in Politics Be? Student’s Name: Institutional affiliation: Christians have a very important and vital contribution to make towards present day political debate. 1Lets start by defining what a church is. A church means both the institutional entity and the individual believer (Christian) 2. In my opinion both the corporate body and individual have a role to play in the realm of politics. The combination of politics and Christianity has more that often resulted in explosive, fiery and intractable conflict not only in the contemporary world alone. During and after the struggles of European Christians in the 18th and 19th centuries, sensible Christian’s leaders and politicians alike came to conclude that major mutual tolerance was needed urgently for civilization. All powers of politics have been delegated by God. It is unconscionable and unreasonable for Christians to absent or excuse themselves from the public domain on such lame grounds that Christians and churches in general should not and never get involved in the matters of politics, when the holy bible they profess to trust and believe in tells them that power exclusively comes from the very and only God they worship. Politics is terribly vital. For ill or good, its ultimate effects on humanity, their well-being and conduct cannot be exaggerated. Politics is vital in determining whether people will live in peace or be at war. It also affects the...
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...methods of medical treatment will be discussed below, allowing the reader to better comprehend the complexities and intricacies of each different faith, with special consideration being paid to the way that each religion handles the use and practice of medical care and treatment. Abstract The worshiping of a higher power within the Jehovah Witnesses, Hinduism and Taoism are all very strong. The body is very sacred when death has occurred; many practices take place along with many rituals. The comparison between Christianity and the Baptist sect of the Christian faith is somewhat different, in a myriad of ways. Food is not such a priority within the Baptist religion and our values are prioritized in a different way. In this religion healthcare is respected in a way that the word from a physician is not doubted as much as the other religions. The past of medicine is not really accepted, we now consider what is the new, latest and greatest for our family members, whereas the other three religions value cultural rituals and elder’s knowledge for their own healing purposes. Introduction Within this paper, the primary topics of discussion concern themselves with three different religions, and the different ways they handle medical care and treatment. The three main religions that will be discussed include: Jehovah’s Witnesses, Hinduism, and Taoism. Although each religion contains a myriad of differences, several of them subscribe to similar methods of medical treatment and care...
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...Rachel Garcia Personal Worldview Inventory Grand Canyon University Spirituality in Healthcare HLT-310V Personal Worldview Inventory There are many different meanings to the word spirituality; spirituality is defined in several ways, as it pertains to different worldviews. Worldviews have been known to be a matter of the heart, cultural beliefs and traditions. A worldview is a commitment, fundamental orientation of the heart, that can be expressed as a story or in a set of presuppositions that we hold consciously or subconsciously, about the persons reality, and that provides the foundation on which we live and have our being,” (Sire, 2015). Pluralism Pluralism is a worldview where the members of minority groups structure their culture on acceptance and diversity. These common traits all strive for the common good of all and also realize there is some truth in other beliefs, (Pluralism, 2015). These types of theorists stress how important it is to be tolerant of other religions. However, these theorists do not tend to deviate from the beliefs of their people; they strive to maintain their independent cultural traditions. Cultural traditions that effect the person in their every day life. Scientism Scientism is a worldview that is based on the scientific method. “All that ‘is’ and all that ‘can be known’ is verifiable of falsifiable through the scientific method and that which cannot be measured is simply an opinion, belief or fantasy,” (Scientism, 2007)...
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...Week 5: Confidentiality and Bioethical Issues (Nov 20 - Nov 27) Welcome to Week 5! This week, we discuss issues related to bioethics. Since the time of Hippocrates, “First Do No Harm” has been the medical mandate. It is the basic concept that drives all of the codes of ethics for the health professions. The concept is one of the first you learn in school. From this comes the duty to make ethical decisions “in the best interest of the patient.” While all medical professionals would agree that this is the goal, not all would agree on exactly what IS the best interest of the patient in a given situation. Healthcare workers—and specifically physicians—work hard to save lives. Many times, death is seen as a medical failure. Health professionals go to great lengths to preserve life with the assumption that saving the life—at all costs—is in the best interest of all patients. In the past, if that left the patient paralyzed or in a vegetative coma, it was still success - they were alive. Today, this assumption is being reconsidered as patients themselves demand to decide for themselves what is in their own best interest. Of particular interest is Oregon law which states, "an adult who is capable and has been determined by the attending doctor to be suffering from a terminal disease, and who has voluntarily expressed his or her wish to die, may make a written request for medication for the purpose of ending his or her life in a humane and dignified manner." In short, the patient can...
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...Legalize Physician-Assisted Suicide Stacy L. Free Top of Form PHI103: Informal Logic (ACL1248D) Instructor: Stephen CarterBottom of Form January 14, 2013 Legalize Physician-Assisted Suicide “To be or not to be ” the infamous question brought about by Shakespeare in his famous play called Hamlet (No Sweat Shakespeare, 2004-2013) begged Hamlet to question whether to exist or not exist. As in the play, there are people who have struggled to answer this question throughout human history. In modern times a debate has sprung regarding the sickly who are terminally ill. Although some believe that physician-assisted suicide should not be legalized because it is a moral issue that they maintain is unnecessary and what it boils down to a lack of physician training that puts undue pressure on patients to opt for suicide, the procedure should be legalized because, when death is imminent, people should not be limited by laws that affect their basic human rights, forcing them to live in agonizing pain due to inadequate medical services, and allow them to die with dignity. If physician-assisted suicide were legalized then terminally ill people would be relieved from having to endure unnecessary pain and suffering when, even with medical intervention, the patient is forced to endure an agonizing demise. Assisting in more than 130 terminally ill patient suicides between 1990 and 1998, Dr. Jack Kevorkian believed that terminally ill patients should be allowed to determine...
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...History and Development of Hinduism * Hinduism is the oldest and perhaps the most complex of religious systems. It is difficult to provide adequate history of Hinduism because it has no specific founder or theology. * The earliest product of Indian literature, the Rig Veda, contains the songs of the Aryan invaders who were beginning to make a home in India. Thus, Hinduism is commonly regarded as the offspring of an Aryan religion, brought into India by invaders from the north and modified by contact with Dravidian civilization. (Elliot, 1921) * The literature of Vedic Aryans is relatively ancient and full and there is no available information about old Dravidians comparable with it. Yet, some argue that it is more correct to describe Indian religion as Dravidian religion modified by the ideas of the Aryan invaders. * This is accentuated by the fact that major deities of Hinduism (Siva, Krishna, Rama, Durga), and some of its core doctrines, are either totally unknown to the Veda or obscurely indicated in it. * The chief characteristics of mature Indian religion are characteristics of an area, not of a race, and they differ from those of other ancient religions in Persia, Greece, Egypt or other Aryan lands. (Mamandram.Org, 2011) * The word “Hindu” is an incorrect term given to a follower of the Vedas. The true name of the religion is “Sanatana Dharma”, meaning “the eternal religion”. * Ancient Arabians gave rise to the term as they were...
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...Nursing Ethics http://nej.sagepub.com/ Demarcation of the ethics of care as a discipline: Discussion article Klaartje Klaver, Eric van Elst and Andries J Baart Nurs Ethics published online 22 October 2013 DOI: 10.1177/0969733013500162 The online version of this article can be found at: http://nej.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/10/21/0969733013500162 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for Nursing Ethics can be found at: Email Alerts: http://nej.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://nej.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> OnlineFirst Version of Record - Oct 22, 2013 What is This? Downloaded from nej.sagepub.com at Tilburg University on October 24, 2013 Article Demarcation of the ethics of care as a discipline: Discussion article Nursing Ethics 1–11 ª The Author(s) 2013 Reprints and permission: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav 10.1177/0969733013500162 nej.sagepub.com Klaartje Klaver, Eric van Elst and Andries J Baart Tilburg University, The Netherlands Abstract This article aims to initiate a discussion on the demarcation of the ethics of care. This discussion is necessary because the ethics of care evolves by making use of insights from varying disciplines. As this involves the risk of contamination of the care ethical discipline, the challenge for care ethical...
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...Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World Law, Ethics, and Corporate Governance Professor Andrea Brvenik August 16, 2014 Stakeholders & PharmaCARE Stakeholders take on many forms and guises depending on the context of the business. Experts write personal definitions and musings on what they feel a stakeholder is, while others disagree and have their own, sometimes conflicting personal findings. It has been my experience that the terms ‘stakeholder’ and ‘stock/shareholder’ are often used as synonyms, but there is are important distinctions that must be made. According to Investopedia, a website dedicated to investing education, a shareholder is: “Any person, company or other institution that owns at least one share of a company’s stock. Shareholders are a company's owners. They have the potential to profit if the company does well, but that comes with the potential to lose if the company does poorly. A shareholder may also be referred to as a "stockholder" (Shareholder, 2014). For the purposes of this research paper, I will attempt to convey my understanding of a stakeholder through the lens of Gary Heerkens’ book, “Project Management”. Though the definitions vary, there are several ‘tenants’ that comprise the meaning of a stakeholder. Any of the following may make an individual a stakeholder: • Stands to gain or lose through the success or failure of the project • Provides funding for the project • Has invested resources...
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...Who Can Stem Cell Research Save? Human stem cell research is a widely controversial topic in the United States. Most controversy concerns are religious, moral, and legal contestations regarding human embryos. Research on human embryos have been approved in other countries such as Sweden, Finland, Belgium, Greece, Britain, Denmark, and the Netherlands, it remains a controversy issue in the United States. In the United States the States are split on whether it’s enforcing a complete ban or allowed funding in some States for stem cell research. President Clinton passed Dickey Amendment which cut off all Department of Health and Human Services and all federal funding for stem cell research on human embryos. Private funding was still aloud for the research. In 2001 President George Bush approved limited funding because of the great outcomes it could one day give us with cures for diseases and disorders. On the first issue, are these embryos human life? Well, one researcher told me he believes this five-day-old cluster of cells is not an embryo, not yet an individual but a pre-embryo. He argued that it has the potential for life, but it is not a life because it cannot develop on its own. An ethicist dismissed that as a callous attempt at rationalization. "Make no mistake," he told me, "that cluster of cells is the same way you and I, and all the rest of us, started our lives. One goes with a heavy heart if we use these," he said, "because we are dealing with the seeds of...
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...been mostly silent on these matters. As a result, this two-part paper focuses on a number of contemporary issues which might help inform the ethical discourse and resultant Mental Health nursing care of the person who is suicidal. Part one of this paper focuses on the issues: Whose life is it anyway? Harming of our bodies and the inconsistency in ethical responses and, Is suicide ever a reasonable thing to do? The authors find that this contemporary view within the suicidology academe and the corresponding legal position in most western (developed) countries is that the individual owns his/her own body. Yet given that contemporary mental healthcare policy and associated practice positions do not reflect view, this can easily lead to the scenario where a Mental Health nurse is faced with a major ethical dilemma, and the corresponding probability of moral distress. The authors also find that it is inaccurate to posit a simple positive...
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