...Administration Course Name: Legal Aspects of Business Faculty: Prof. Name: Roll: 2014PGPMX Submission Date: 15th July 2015 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Conceptual Discussion & implementation of the existing system 4 2.1 Vehicular pollutants and their health/environmental effects 4 2.2 Vehicular pollutants and climate changes 4 2.3 Vehicular Pollution Control Measures in India 6 2.4 Vehicular Emission Standards 7 2.5 Emission standards for controlling pollution from new vehicles in India 8 2.6 Road map for Vehicular Emission norms for new vehicles 8 2.7 Inspection & Maintenance (I/M) Practice in India 9 2.8 Pollution Under Control (PUC) Certification system 10 2.9 Noise Standards for Vehicles 12 2.10 Improvement in Fuel Quality 13 2.11 Indian Initiative for Alternate Fuels 13 3. Data Analysis and Interpretation 15 3.1 Environment Protection Act, 1986 15 3.2 The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 16 3.3 The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 17 3.4 Global Environmental Interaction 19 4. CONCLUSIONS 20 1. Introduction “Nature is the source of all material things: the Maker, the means of making, and the things made. All actions take place in time by the intervening of the forces of Nature; but the man, lost in selfish delusion thinks that he himself is the actor.” (Isha Upanishad) “Environmental conservation is about negotiating the transition from past to future in such a way as to secure the transfer of maximum...
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...3 type of driving license A commercial driver license · A class A license - permits drving commercial vehicles such as large trucks and semi tractors. · A Class C license permits driving non-commercial vehicles suck as cras pickup trucks, SUVs and vans. · A class M license for drving motorcycles or mopeds. The minimum age to qualify for a Class C license is 18 years of age. a driver who is 16 years old and has completed an approved driver education course also qualifies. Test- vision-driving test Point system = points are assessed to moving traffic violation convictions.Once the conviction has been added to the driver record, points will be assigned and will remain on the driver record for a period od three years. Points are assigned as follows: 2 points for a texas or out -of-state mocing violation, and 3 points for a texas or out-ofstates moving conviction that resuleted in a crash. 20 miles per hour must be able to come to a complete stop within 25 feet. 30k to cover the injury or death of one people 60k to cover the injury or death of two people 25k to cover damage to the property of any other person to comply with the safety responsibility act, all drivers muct provide evidence of financial responsibility when: · applying for driver license · refistering a motor vehicle · obtaining a motor vehicle inspection certificate driver must be given 175 to 350 Question 1: Your driver license may be suspended for causing: Correct: One serious...
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...Findings (1000-1300) (with at least 7 references) Conclusion (100-150) Recommendations (100-150) Bibliography (length variable) Appendix Approximate total length should be 1500 words +/- 10% including bibliography, but excluding any appendix. The appendix is not compulsory. THE FINDINGS MUST INCLUDE A SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE COMPANY IN QUESTION Note – the word lengths of each section above are approximate and for guidance only. CONTENTS IN DETAIL Title page: Full title of report Author Date Illustration which reflects the content. Table of Contents Title The full names of sections and sub-sections and their page numbers (sub-sections/divisions should be indented). TABLE OF CONTENTS Terms of Reference (20-30 words) Procedure (20-30) Findings (1000-1300) (with at least 7 references) Conclusion (100-150) Recommendations (100-150) Bibliography (length variable) Terms of Reference (20-30 words) Procedure (20-30) Findings (1000-1300) (with at least 7 references) Conclusion (100-150) Recommendations (100-150) Bibliography (length variable) Terms of Reference 2 Procedure 2 Findings 2 Reasons of downfall 2 Analysis of present position 4 Conclusion 8 Recommendations 8 Appendix 9 648877 What steered to the extreme decline and later great profitability of General Motors? Terms of Reference General Motors once a...
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........... 4 3. Conclusion ................................................................................................................................................. 9 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 10 Table 1: Collected data (World data bank, 2008) ......................................................................................... 3 Table 2: Results of single and multiple regressions ...................................................................................... 7 Figure 2: Second single regression between the GDP and motor vehicles per 1,000 people ...................... 5 Figure 1: First single regression between the GDP and CO2 emissions per capita ...................................... 5 Figure 3: Third single regression between the GDP and urban population percentage .............................. 6 1 Introduction There are many factors which affect the gross domestic product of...
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...106 India Infrastructure Report 2006 6 URBAN TRANSPORT O. P. Agarwal Growth in number of vehicles The increased travel demand has resulted in rapid growth in the number of motor vehicles in the cities. In the six major metropolises of India, growth in motor vehicles has outpaced population growth. On an average, while the population in India’s six major metropolises increased 1.89 times during 1981 to 2001, the number of registered vehicles went up 7.75 times during the same period (Figure 6.2). Thus the growth of motor vehicles was almost four times faster than the growth of population. Cities without good mass transit systems, like Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad and Bangalore, showed a higher 60 50 40 30 20 10 Congestion is an outcome of twin factors, (a) growth in number of vehicles on road, (b) limitations to expansion of road space. Views expressed in the chapter are of the author. Cy cle s 2wh ee ler s IP T C Ca rs Sl ow t Fa s ns po B lic Tr a Congestion Pu b ISSUES IN URBAN TRANSPORT IN INDIA IP T rt 0 W alk T he burgeoning urban population of India is engaging in a variety of economic activities in rapidly expanding cities, which are, therefore, encountering fast escalations in urban travel demand. A variety of transport modes, such as, walking, cycling, two-wheelers, para-transit, public transport, cars, etc. are used to meet these travel needs. Travel demand is determined by a number of factors, the primary one being the size of the population. Other...
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...are made differently than other cars, they perform differently than other cars and they are more efficient than other cars. How does a hybrid car work? What is it that a hybrid car is so much more efficient than a normal car, and is it really better for the environment because the gas mileage is so much better? In this essay I want to explain how this amazing technology called hybrid car works. What makes a car a hybrid car? Every vehicle is a hybrid when it uses two or more energy sources. In fact, a lot of people have owned or still own a hybrid. For example, an electronic bike is a hybrid because it combines the power of an engine with the force that comes from people using the pedals. Hybrid vehicles are everywhere around us. A lot of diesel locomotives pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids. In cities like Seattle, they use diesel-electric busses. These busses use power from an overhead power cable and when these cables are not around, they use a diesel engine. Gigantic mine trucks are generally diesel-electric hybrids as well. Any vehicle that uses two or more energy sources, directly or indirectly to provide propulsion can be named a hybrid. The gasoline-electric hybrid car is like that, it is a combination between a gasoline powered...
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...Commercial Vehicle Industry at both Global and Indian scenario? Which are the top 5 countries for CV Industry. Indian Scenario- Indian Commercial Vehicle industry can be mainly segmented into * LCV and * M&HCV industry. LCV consist of three wheelers and four wheelers up to 1 ton capacity. Tata, Bajaj, Mahindra, Force motors and Piaggio are the major players of LCV industry. M&HCV consist of four wheelers such as medium sized pickups, single axle and multi axle buses and trucks. Tata, Mahindra & Mahindra, Eicher, Volvo and Swaraj Mazda are major the players of M&HCV industry. Also, two wheelers, passenger cars and SUV’s were also used for freight transport. Non motorized vehicle sector included bullock carts, bicycle rickshaw, horse drawn carriages, and manual pull carts. The size of the non motorized section was large but undocumented. After many successful years, In India commercial vehicle industry is going through a bad patch due to following reasons- • Economic slowdown • Delay in infrastructure facilities i.e.-Roads Medium and high commercial vehicle industry has seen significant slowdown while LCV industry is still experiencing growth. To overcome the slowdown OEMs have started investing in more research in technology, design, innovation, increasing the reach and increasing the standard of aftersales service instead of investing in expansion of output facilities. Some international OEMs like Daimler (Bharat Benz), MAN motors, VE motors...
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...Title: What Drivers Need to Know about Virginia Traffic Laws Body: Virginia designates laws to keep drivers and property safe on an around its roadways. Violators of these laws may receiver felony or misdemeanor charges or points. The Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles adds all vehicle violations to a driver’s record. Virginia places drivers who collect 12 demerit points in a twelve month period on probation for six months. A violation during probation will result in a 90 day license suspension. Drug Related Offenses In Virginia it is illegal to operate motor vehicles with an alcohol or narcotic level above .08 percent (.02 percent for drivers under 21 years old). If an officer suspects a driver of operating a motor vehicle while intoxicated,...
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...Standards) and Non Technical Measures(like prevention of Fuel Adulteration) 4. Fuel Economy Standards and phasing out old Vehicles. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS: This research paper is limited in the sense that it tries to study the pollution caused to the environment by the vehicular traffic. Pollution is a broad and extensive topic but this topic tries to limit itself to such pollution caused by the environment and not all other kinds of pollution. METHOD OF WRITING: This paper has largely been written in an investigative and an analytical style. SOURCES OF DATA: The researcher has primarily referred to secondary sources such as books and articles while writing this research paper. MODE OF CITATION: A uniform mode of citation has been used throughout this research paper which is based loosely on the style prescribed in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation(Columbia Law Review Ass’n et al. eds., 17th ed. 2000). Table of Contents Sr No | Topic | Page No | 1 | Introduction | 3,4 | 2 | Pollution | 4 | 3 | Kinds of Pollution | 4 | 4 | Vehicular Pollution | 5 | 5 | Major vehicle/fuel pollutants | 6 | 6 | Health and environmental effects of vehicular pollutants | 6 | 7 | Various pollutants and its effects on Human health | 7 | 8 | Emission standards for Vehicles | 8 | 9 | Emission Standard for controlling pollution from new vehicles in India | 9 | 10 | Noise Standards for...
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...Eicher Motors Ltd. Investor Presentation In this Presentation 1 Eicher Motors Limited - Journey So far... Eicher Motors Limited Overview India’s Economic Growth and Opportunities for Commercial Vehicles Volvo Eicher Commercial Vehicles Limited 2 3 4 Eicher Trucks & Buses Volvo Trucks India Eicher Engineering Components & Eicher Engineering Solutions Heavy Duty Breakthrough Medium Duty Engine Project 5 6 Royal Enfield Financials Investor Presentation 2 Eicher Motors Limited – Journey so far… India’s first tractor rolls out of Eicher factory in Faridabad Forms JV with AB Royal Enfield motorcycles acquired Enters HD trucks segment Volvo of Sweden; transfers CV business to the JV 1959 1984 JV with Mitsubishi Motors to make ‘Canter’ trucks 1991 1993 JV with Mitsubishi ended, enters MD bus segment 2002 2005 Divests tractor and allied businesses to focus on CV and motorcycle businesses 2008 Investor Presentation 3 Moving forward... 1 Eicher Motors Limited - Journey So far... 2 3 4 Eicher Motors Limited Overview India’s Economic Growth and Opportunities for Commercial Vehicles Volvo Eicher Commercial Vehicles Limited Eicher Trucks & Buses Volvo Trucks India Eicher Engineering Components & Eicher Engineering Solutions Heavy Duty Breakthrough Medium Duty Engine Project 5 6 Royal Enfield Financials Investor Presentation 4 Eicher Motors Limited Overview Retail...
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...Ans-1 The global commercial vehicle industry witnessed negative growth during 2006-2011; however, over 2012-2017, it is forecast to experience moderate growth and is estimated to reach $521.5 billion by 2017.The global commercial vehicle industry consists of the production of light commercial vehicles (LCVs), heavy trucks, and buses and coaches. It focuses on the freight and Transportation sector as its major customers. India will become the third largest market in the world after China and the US for light vehicles, including passenger cars and light commercial vehicles (LCVs), by 2020, according to market research firm JD Power Asia Pacific. The country, however, will have to improve its infrastructure, as well as resolve component supply chain issues, in order to realise its huge potential. “Our forecast is that by 2020, India will become the third biggest market for light vehicles, that includes passenger cars and LCVs, with total sales of nearly 12 million units,” the JD Power Asia-Pacific Executive Director, Mr Mohit Arora, told PTI. In a report — ‘India Automotive 2020: The Next Giant from Asia’ — the firm said India would have jumped from sixth place at present to be slotted after China and the US by 2020, with total sales of 11.9 million light vehicles. In 2010, 2.7 million light vehicles were sold in India, up from just 700,000 light vehicles in 2000. By 2020, China’s light vehicles market is expected to reach 35 million units, while that of the US will rise to 17...
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...Vol. 1, No. 2 International Journal of Economics and Finance How to be Competitive in Chinese Automobile Industry Jianhan Zhao Shanghai University of Finance&Economics, Finance Engineering Shanghai, 200433, China E-mail: dorazhaojh@hotmail.com Lei Gao Liaoning Shihua University, School of Mechanical Engineering Abstract Chinese market has a great demand for foreign cars, and a great many foreign automobile companies are competing for their market shares here. The most representative ones are Volkswagen and Honda, they adoped different market strategies and they both suffered some success and failures With so many competitions, the future of Chinese automobile industry is hard to predict. Keywords: Market structure, Industry structure, External challenges, Three joys, Source and supply chain 1. History background After the reform and open policy, China’s economy has been increased rapidly, and there was a great demand for cars. But the domestic automobile industry was not that developed at that time and could not meet with such a great demand. So in the 1980s, Chinese automobile industry started to join hands with the foreign companies and improve the technology. Among all the foreign companies, the most typical and successful ones are Volkswagen and Honda. The Volkswagen Company started to enter the Chinese market in 1984 with production base in Shanghai. It is one of the earliest manufactures set up business in China. And it set up another joint...
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...Term Project Electrical Vehicle: The car of a future Olga Ozhereleva Professor Di Credico RHYS 1132 December 3, 2013 Electrical Vehicle: The car of a future In all times and among all nations transport have been playing extremely important role. Today, the existence of any country is impossible without transport network. In the twentieth century, especially in the second half, huge changes have occurred in all countries of the. Population growth, increased consumption of material resources, urbanization, technological revolution, and natural- geographic, economic, political, social, and other fundamental factors have led to the fact that the transport network of the world has received unprecedented growth. Along with the growth of the numbers of vehicles produced, conventional forms of transport undergo radical reconstruction: speed was increased, design was changed, efficiency enhanced, more cars became available for people with different financial positions. At the same time some transport problems have emerged. These problems caused mostly by excessive development the automotive industry. Hypertrophied fleet of large cities in Europe, Asia and America is causing constant traffic jams on the streets. Moreover, these problems deprives citizens of the advantages of fast and maneuverable way of moving. The most important aspect of rapidly grooving production of vehicles seriously degrades the environment. Transport as a particularly dynamic system has always...
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...SHARMA-10BSPHH010936 * SUNIL Kr. YADAV-10BSPHH011074 * SAURABH TRIVEDI-10BSPHH011076 * NILABH-10BSPHH011081 * SHAUNAK GOSWAMI-10BSPHH010718 INDIAN AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY (A MACRO AND MICRO ANALYSIS) With a Focus on TATA Motors | FINAL REPORT (Business Strategy) | IBS-2011 BS-SEC I (Group-3) SHINY ACHARYA-10BSPHH010733 SHWETABH SRIVASTAVA-10BSPHH010766 SUNIL Kr. YADAV-10BSPHH011074 SAURABH TRIVEDI-10BSPHH011076 NILABH-10BSPHH011081 RAGHINI SHARMA-10BSPHH010936 SHAUNAK GOSWAMI- | Table of Contents Indian Automobile Industry: An Overview 3 A. Macro analysis of Indian Automobile Sector 3 1. PESTEL Analysis 3 I. Political and Legal Factors 3 II. Economic Factors: 4 III. Social Factors: 5 IV. Technological Factors 6 V. Environmental Factors 6 2. Key Drivers of Growth and Change 6 3. Porter’s Diamond 7 I. Factor Conditions 7 II. Demand Conditions 7 III. Related and Supporting Industries 8 IV. Firm Strategy, structure and rivalry 8 B. Micro-analysis of Automobile Industry 9 1. Porter’s 5 Force Framework 9 2. Dynamics of Competition 9 C. Competitors & Markets 10 1. Strategic Groups 10 2. Market Segments 13 3. Identifying Strategic Customer 16 D. Strategic Gaps 17 E. Tata Motors 19 1. Introduction 19 Mission Statement 19 Vision Statement 19 Goal 19 Core Values 19 Market share 19 Revenue and profits 20 Domestic growth 20 2. SWOT Analysis 22 3. Strategies 24 4. Projection of...
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...the product/ organization. 3. Make use of Quantitative data & its analysis. 4. Make use of Secondary Research 5. Give your Suggestions & Recommendations. 6. Mention all References/Bibliography Maruti Udyog INTRODUCTION OF THE MARUTI UDYOG: * Maruti Suzuki India Ltd., formerly known as Maruti Udyog, is the one of the oldest car manufacturers in India. The company has written 28 years old history in the rich Indian heritage. * Maruti Suzuki India Limited is a partial subsidiary of Suzuki Motor Corporation of Japan, is India's largest passenger car company, accounting for over 45% of the domestic car market. The company offers a complete range of cars from entry level Maruti-800 and Alto, to stylish hatchback Ritz, A star, Swift, Wagon-R, Estillo and sedans DZire, SX4 and Sports Utility vehicle Grand Vitara. * Maruti Udyog’s inception came in the country in 1981 under the provisions of the Indian Companies Act, 1956. During this era, scooters or two-wheelers had a long waiting as industrial production was low in numbers. There were only two car models in the name of Indian car industry, Hindustan Ambassador and Fiat Padmini. Later, Maruti Suzuki made a successful move with its ever running Maruti 800 in 1983. With the launch of Maruti 80, Indian manufacturing and car industry saw a new dawn. * It was the first company in India to mass-produce and sell more than a million...
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