...Movers and Shakers in Education Lee R. Whittlesey Grand Canyon University Movers and Shakers in Education Educating our children has been around for many years. In the middle of the seventeenth century, after the pilgrims arrived in the New Country, the first school where established. Since that time there have been many people and movements that have helped improve or made great contributions to the way education is today. Some of the great leaders and movements that have given growth in education have been Horace Mann, John Dewey, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), and the Nation at Risk Report. Horace Mann Often called the “Father of the Common School”, Horace Mann (1796-1859) began as a lawyer and legislator. In 1837 Mann was elected as the Secretary to the newly-created Massachusetts Board of Education. While in the position “He spearheaded the Common School Movement, ensuring that every child could receive a basic education funded by local taxes” (Horace Mann, n.d.). He insured that schools could provide all white children, no matter their social class, a free education. With his reform, each school would be systematized by grade levels and have standardized curriculum (Horace Mann Biography, n.d.). Within the next few years’ other states took his lead and implemented universal schooling. Mann was a significant part in developing teacher training in schools and one of the earliest efforts to professionalize teachers in our schools. Even though...
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...Movers and Shakers in Education The purpose of this paper is to evaluation and identifies the efforts and inspirations of four important individuals in history who facilitated to shape the American educational system. However the four people deliberated in this paper are definitely not the only ones who left a permanent mark upon the history of our American educational system we have in the present day, their works and morals that laid the groundwork upon which our educational system today was built. Common School Movement Horace Mann is recognized with creating the first state board of education in 1837, whereby schools were managed by a state system. He was a leader in the Common School Movement and believed that teaching standards were in great need of improvement and that instructors should be paid better. He brought a great deal of focus onto current school conditions and prompted discussions on ways to improve them. Because of him, school conditions were improved and better prepared. Mr. Horace Mann was essential in helping to prompt teacher training organizations (known as normal schools) and significantly successful in raising the standards of not just schools, but universities as well. He has been referred to as “The Father of American Education”, (gcumedia.com, 2012). His way of life was conditional upon the state to make sure all children were provided the opportunity to receive an education(www.ait.net). The...
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...The Law of 1647 required that towns of fifty families hire a schoolmaster who would teach children to read and write. Towns of a hundred families must have a grammar schoolmaster who could prepare children to attend Harvard College. (Amy L. Matzat ) Education became more of a social responsibility as teachers were formally hired for the sole purpose of teaching the nation's young people. Perhaps even more surprising in the light of previous practice is that they were paid to do so, either by the government or individual parents and guardians. School was becoming more of a priority. Another institution that made its appearance on the educational stage was something called a "Dame" school. These schools were set up in the homes (most often the kitchens) of women in the community who had both the time and inclination to teach students in a tutoring capacity and in exchange for their services the women received some meager allowance. (Amy L. Matzat ) | | | The public school as we know it was born in the mid-nineteenth century. Its founders called it the “common” school. Common schools were funded by local property taxes, charged no tuition, were open to all white children, were governed by local school committees, and were subject to a modest amount of state regulation. (http://www.pbs.org/kcet/publicschool/photo_gallery/photo1.html). Today’s system of public education is a result of a political and social movement that began in the early 19th century. Public education...
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...Education Evolution Education is and always has been under continuous reform. Throughout history, the change of the educational system can be seen through numerous defining moments. Quality education is always the common goal but the approach has never been the same at achieving that goal. The government involvement, curriculum, and pedagogy have all been questioned over time. The common school movement began the step towards public school systems, Horace Mann and John Dewey brought new approaches towards curriculum, and the Nation at Risk report used government involvement to the highest degree in its time to reform education. The Common School Movement is responsible for creating the public school system structure we still use today. The idea behind the common school movement was to educate the general public in order to lower poverty rates and teach immigrant children the American ways (Hunt, 2002). In addition, the common school advocates suggested that while money may be spent on educating the poor, the benefits of educated moral citizens would pay off (Hunt, 2002). The common school movement was advocating education to be available for a growing diverse population in America. Hunt (2002), explains that prior to the common school, education was privately governed and was only for the wealthy. The movement advocated state and local involvement of the schools as well as public funding in order to provide free education (Webb, Metha, & Jordan, 2010). A structured...
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...Shawn Ray EDU-210 October 3rd, 2015 Tara Armstead Movers and Shakers in Education From 470 to 399 B.C. Socrates lived a life of questions. Every day he questioned people and engaged them in philosophical conversation. This earned him both many student followers and many enemies who eventually had him condemned to death. "To all the philosophers that came after him, Socrates not only left the example of his life but also a new sort of inquiry (that is, social inquiry) and a new way of pursuing that inquiry, namely through the use of the Socratic method of question and answer." (Satris, 2015). Many different schools arose after Socrates death and claimed that they followed his examples, which is one reason why Socrates remains a giant in philosophy today. The Socratic Method can be used by those who are less wise than Socrates ever was himself, thus it could be said that Socrates had a mission that proved successful on the direction of philosophy which has had an effect that can never be undone. This ultimately has an effect on how philosophy is taught and how philosophers think in our present day lives and educational careers. The common school movement began to take place in the 1830's where a more state sponsored compulsory education for the masses set the foundation for what eventually becomes the educational system we have now in our everyday lives. There were schools for the poor, pauper...
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...Ugolini, Crystal EDU-210 June 23, 2013 Ms. Amy DeSylvester The Evolution of Academic Curriculum Educating the population was not a primary focus of America’s founding fathers. It soon became evident to them that formal education was necessary. Initially, the concentration was on teaching children to read so that they might be able to read the Bible and therefore become better citizens. It wasn’t too much later that this idea evolved. The general population needed to be able to read and comprehend the regulations being set forth. Then, there was the idea that the youth of this new country would eventually be the ones to uphold the Constitution and Bill of Rights, as well as make laws to govern the new society. In order to do this effectively, children would need to be educated. What they were to be educated in became an issue to be argued and developed even to this day. Dame School where younger children were taught in a woman's kitchen. Dame School where younger children were taught in a woman's kitchen. The first introduction to the idea of a curriculum came with the Massachusetts Law of 1642. This law required parents and masters (owners) of children to teach the children to read and write. Children who were not taught the basics in reading and writing could be removed from the person in charge of them, (Mass Moments, 2013). Not only did this new law require children to be taught these two fundamental subjects, it made not teaching them an offense that was punishable...
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...Jennifer Grimes EDU- 210 October 25, 2014 Nancy Winship Movers and Shakers in Education Socrates is an education method that came about in between the years of( 470-399 BC). Socrates had their own way of learning." The Socrates believed that the purpose of education was to teach people how to reason and produce a society of "rational" citizens". ( Pearson, (2012) pg.104,paragraph 5). Socrates did not believe that when providing an education to other people that he take any money for his services he thought it was better to provide it for free. Socrates also did not believe that you received an education for the better of the world but for you to have more knowledge. He also believed that gaining knowledge for the purpose of gaining power was not a moral thing to do. He believed that the knowledge of all men was something that needed to gained and achieved by all. Socrates believed that schools were only as good as its society and that the education of one should be to gain full knowledge of what the society was all about. In between the years of (1466- 1536) Desiderius Erasmus was a Christian Philosopher of the Renaissance who believed that anyone who should choose to teach should also have an elite education and have clear knowledge of what it is exactly that they plan on teaching children in education. He also believed that it was very important that Latin and Greek be taught. In part for...
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...Movers and Shakers in Education In today’s education system there have been many individuals and acts that have helped develop, advance, and reform the education system to what it is today. The American education system has come a long way from the one room school house to parents having a choice to whom or where they send their child to school. A few of the influential people or acts are Horace Mann, John Dewey, Maria Montessori, and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. [pic] Horace Mann was an education reformist. He was a politician from Massachusetts that served in the state House of Representatives and Senate. In 1937, he served as Secretary of the Massachusetts State Board of Education. Mann is credited with being the “Father of the Common School Movement” (Good, 2008). Most states have adopted the version of the school system that Massachusetts had especially for the normal school to train educators. Horace Mann while he was Secretary of the Board of Education in Massachusetts he traveled to every school in the state. In 1838, Mann created the Common School Journal and it targeted public schools and its problems. He had “six main principles (a) the public schools and its problems, (b) education should be paid for, controlled, and sustained by the public, (c) education will be best provided in schools that embrace a variety of backgrounds, (d) education is non-sectarian, (e) education must be taught by the spirit, methods, and discipline...
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...Movers and Shakers in Education Julia Ann Bonner Grand Canyon University Philosophical and Social Issues in Education EDU-576 Professor George McGee August 08, 2012 Movers and Shakers in Education The purpose of this paper is to review and acknowledge the efforts and contributions of four significant people in history who helped to shape the American educational system. Though the four people discussed in this paper are certainly not the only ones who left a permanent mark upon the history of our American educational system we have today, their efforts and philosophies laid the foundation upon which our educational system today was built. Horace Mann Horace Mann is credited with creating the first state board of education in 1837, whereby schools were managed by a state system. He was a leader in the Common School Movement and believed that teaching standards were in great need of improvement and that teachers should be paid better. He brought a great deal of focus onto current school conditions and prompted discussions on ways to improve them. Because of him, school conditions were improved and better equipped. Mr. Mann was fundamental in helping to instigate teacher training institutions (known as normal schools) and considerably successful in raising the standards of not just schools, but colleges as well. He has been referred to as “The Father of American Education”, (gcumedia.com, 2012). His philosophy was that...
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...Movers And Shakers In Education There are individuals and happenings both in the near and far past that have molded the current tutoring system. The arrangement has had conversions in an endeavor towards the finest condition. The individuals made imperative steps in this effort. The events had both unwanted and desirable consequences on education. To have an enhanced perspective on the arrangement, one has to assess the milestones that have in wholesome totaled up to the current outlook of the education scheme. This essay will describe some of the undertakings and individuals who instigated the milestones that have had a noteworthy bearing on US education system. The Meriam Report The report was emanated in 1928, and it gave insight into the devastating existence circumstances of Natives during that period. Most importantly the educational challenges facing the group were addressed, and it was starting point for the matters related to learning for the community to be prioritized (Webb et al., 2010). Besides schooling, the said report also gathered information on other aspects of the health of the Indians, family and community life, legal issues, missionary activities among Indians and the economic facet. It gave insight into all aspects of their life, and it’s the reports’ recommendations that instigated educational transformations for them as well as other beneficial policies for the community. The effect therefore of the report was the furtherance of educational contexts...
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...Samantha Browning EDU-210 Instr. Gammill 10 January 2013 Movers and Shakers in Education There have been many people and events that have shaped our education system in America. Some have had more impact than others. John Dewey, A Nation at Risk, No Child Left Behind and The Common Core State Standard Initiative. These people and events have had a significant impact on the evolution of American Education. John Dewey helped to form that classroom and its settings. He taught that education is a social and interactive process. He also said that social reform should take place in a social institution, which a school is considered a social institution, therefore a school is not only a place to gain knowledge but to also gain life skills. Dewey also made a point to explain that the knowledge a student will gain depends upon that student as well as the teacher. The teacher should be able to relay information to a student in a way that will help them realize the connection between the information and their experiences that will allow the student to retain the information. Teachers should be a guide for the student. The most famous line of the widely publicized report declared that "the educational foundations of our society are presently being eroded by a rising tide of mediocrity that threatens our very future as a Nation and a people" (U.S. Department of Education, 1983). A Nation at Risk is a report that was released by Terrel H. Bell. This report showed that the majority...
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...Movers and Shakers in America Priscilla Sanchez Grand Canyon University: EDU-576 3/26/14 Movers and Shakers in America From the virtual timeline I chose the following four people or events that have molded our educational system in America. The first individual I will describe is John Dewey: John Dewey had the most impactful influence to the growth of enlightening discerning in the twentieth century. Dewey's theoretical practicality, concern with collaboration, experience, reflection as well as interest in the community and democracy, were conveyed mutually to form an exceedingly evocative educational system. He believed that education should engross with and enlarge experience with informal education practice. He also believed in authentic education and stated that there was but one way that a child can become mindful of his social custom by empowering him to perform those essential kinds of activities which make civilization what it is. To add, he believed that schools should offer children with that base so as a result they would make significant influences to the society. Subsequently, they will have the capacity to use their mind as a prevailing instrument to help themselves and the civilization in which they reside in. Dewey’s perspective was that an old-fashioned education is to guide the youngster to play a submissive, approachable part in the instructive development. In fact all students are distinctive, full of impulsiveness and ideas. Their thoughts...
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...Margie Browning EDU 210 November 25, 2012 Heather Tetmyer Movers and Shakers in Education In the next few paragraphs I will discuss the Common School Movement, Brown v. Board of Education, No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), and Common Core State Standards Initiative. I will give a brief summary of each event and how they each impacted the history of education. [pic] The Reformers of the Common School Movement vision was that of schools being the cornerstones of the community. The schools were to be free and opened to everyone. They were to be the place where every student could come together on equal terms, where the high achiever and the low achiever could learn in the same class, use the same text books, and be taught by the same teachers. The common school would have a relationship with the community and its surroundings. They would be controlled, funded, and maintained by the people of the community who took interest and pride in their progress and accomplishments. Public schools today are controlled by the local government and the Federal government and not by the communities in which they are located. Standardized testing and the curriculum in public schools today are controlled by the state and how well a school performs in those areas are determined by the federal government. Local control is a thing of the pass and so is the Common School Movement (Baines & Foster, 2006). [pic] Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka was one of the main events...
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...Ebony Williams EDU-210 January 18, 2015 Thomas Christner Movers and Shakers in Education What is Education? Why is it so important to our world? When thinking about how far we have come in education reform, it is also important to reflect on how it all started. Education is a form of learning that usually takes place in a school institution where one who is experienced and has obtained a degree in Education teaches to his/ her students. Education develops one’s intellect, knowledge, and beliefs in which prepares us for the real world upon our completion of high school. Under any circumstance where one’s thoughts and feelings are consumed, that could be considered an educational and learning experience as well. Education has evolved so much over time, and is providing our kids with the tools to help them to be successful individuals. The concept of Education goes back farther than most of us could ever imagine. School has been formatted into four stages which is Elementary, Middle School, High School, and College. In this paper, I will discuss the four people and events that had a great affect on the evolution of American education. Born in 470 BC in Athens, Greece, Socrates was a Greek philosopher who had a great influence on ancient and modern philosophy. Socrates believed that philosophy should achieve practical results for the greater well being of society. Little was known about his life in which what was, was told through the dialogue between his students...
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...Movers and Shakers in Education Anna Santana GCU: EDU 576 April 7, 2014 Education has been a concept of the most rudimentary from far back to times we cannot even comprehend to our more modern idea of education. Every aspect of American education was founded or molded by another country’s education system or some influential person’s philosophy. Along those paths, people, ideas, concepts, etc. have been more influential than most. Many United States citizens do not know the impact of the Kalamazoo case. United States citizens know some of the taxes they pay to the various entities (local, city, district, state, etc.) help to fund their local schools, from elementary schools to public universities. What they do not know is this case not only allowed for taxes to fund public schooling, it started a whole revolution of change in young children’s education. (Webb, 2013) Not only did the Kalamazoo case allow for more public funding, the case set the precedent for mandatory attendance for school aged children. This allowed the precedence for child labor laws. Because of this increase in students attending school, the literacy rate increased, but still varied by region, especially amongst those students who were non-white. As “[b]lacks had the highest illiteracy rate: 30.4% in 1910.” (Webb, 2013) In 1954, the U.S. Supreme court heard one of the most influential cases. This case would impact the future of not only the civil right movement, but also, the equal...
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