...Bharti Airtel Limited Annual Report 2010-11 Board of directors Sunil Bharti Mittal Akhil Gupta Chua Sock Koong N. Kumar Ajay Lal Craig Ehrlich Pulak Prasad Rakesh Bharti Mittal Tan Yong Choo Evan Mervyn Davies Rajan Bharti Mittal Hui Weng Cheong Nikesh Arora Salim Ahmed Salim Tsun-yan Hsieh Manoj Kohli Table of contents Corporate information Performance at a glance rformance Chairman's message airman's CEO (International) & JMD's message O (Internation onal) on CEO (India & South Asia)'s message O (India dia Corporate social responsibility rporate po Directors' report rectors' e Management discussio & analysis nage agement discussion ssio ssion Report on corporate governance governance port ver ve Secretarial audit report report cretarial o Standalone financial stateme with Aud ors' report Auditors' ndalone a statements ments me e uditors r Consolidated financial statements with Auditors' report nsolidated financial statements w i nt with t 2 3 4 6 8 10 0 1 14 24 30 47 48 103 1 Bharti Airtel Annual Report 2010-11 Corporate information Board of directors Mr. Sunil Bharti Mittal Chairman & Managing Director Mr. Manoj Kohli CEO (International) & Joint Managing Director Non-executive directors Mr. Ajay Lal Mr. Akhil Gupta Ms. Chua Sock Koong Mr. Craig Ehrlich Lord Evan Mervyn Davies Mr. Hui Weng Cheong Mr. N. Kumar Mr. Nikesh Arora Mr. Pulak Prasad Mr. Rajan Bharti Mittal Mr. Rakesh Bharti Mittal H.E. Dr. Salim Ahmed...
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...starvation. In Africa most Africans are farmers; small farmers live life with less choice because he has less money. He has to always shop on a budget and buy what he can afford at the time. A big farmer has more of a choice to spend as he likes. The question is how can markets be developed in Africa? Over two decades ago the government of Africa said that the market must be liberalized. Liberalized meaning remove or loosen restrictions on. The food import bills have doubled more than what it was 20 years ago. Africa’s market problem is Africa’s market challenge. The prices of crops in Africa are the highest in the world. Africa is learning that markets don’t happen by themselves. The Chicago board of exchange was a big organization that farmers would use to exchange goods through the market. Common exchanges went down between the farmers. If farmers were to go make a trade and nobody was to be found farmers would lose money because they wouldn’t want to return home with the product that they arrived with. The ECEX which was established April 2008, which means the Ethiopia Commodity exchange. It was formed to ensure the development of an efficient modern trading system, which would protect the rights and benefits of sellers, buyers, intermediaries and the general public. The peace mill approach does not work. The government feels that the company may not be ready for full technology trading. Eleni feels and believes that Ethiopia can change Africa. In class...
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...indeed economic and social forces of globalization has changed the world of art. “There is a vast and varied literature on the social and economic impact of the globalization. Several analysts argue that globalization has fundamentally altered the nature of cultural processes, political dynamics and social interaction.” (Stoller 209) After reflecting on this statement, I believe that the Western World interpretation of the art may have predicted the way in which people interacted with African Art. Because African Artists, in most cases, did not have the chance share their story, the true sense of the arts was lost. The purpose of African art was not to satisfy the people themselves but it was meant to be spiritually engaging. “In West Africa religious crossroads are place stepped in religious significance… The crossroads is a metaphor that...
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...Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? presents a world where Earth has been completely ravaged by war, destroying both the natural environment and the vast quantity of animals that once populated the world. This drastic change to the natural world creates a situation where animals mean a great deal more than they do in our own world, and play a more central role in the lives and minds of everyone. As is the case when most things become scarcer, animals have become far more precious, valuable, and important in this new world. There are certainly a large number of animal lovers today, in the present day, and even some who refuse to kill animals such as ants or spiders, but nothing compared to the society in the novel. Animals are seemingly sacred, and to kill an animal, even a tiny bug, is almost unthinkable. Animals have become a status symbol, and to not own an animal is just not an option. People have to resort to fake electric animals to fit in and not stand out. The relationship between animals and humans has become something more than simply a companionship. As is shown in many of the questions on the Voigt-Kampff test, the main attribute of being human is empathy. This manifests itself in humans first as empathy towards other humans and, not far behind, as empathy towards animals. Not having an animal or not treating all animals with the utmost respect is akin to being an android - close to human but missing that crucial final component. Humans need their humanity, and...
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...own people when they stop playing politics at the expense of human misery. The major focus of the piece was primarily on how these leaders protect each other, no matter the circumstances and call it ‘the principle of state sovereignty’. Although Theodore T. Hodge was extremely uncharitable with his choice of words in a diplomatic sense I strongly believe he dealt with the pertinent issues he wanted to focus on. A little over a week ago, Ghana came out to join other nations in giving recognition to the National Transitional Council (NTC) of Libya and to accord them due diplomatic recognition following Muammar Gaddafi’s overthrow. When I heard this news, I felt Ghana-an oasis of peace- was brewing troubles already across the rest of Africa. And I heard a lot of comments from different quarters on why they thought Ghana should have remain silent and not rush into giving recognition to the NTC backed by the rebels. A prominent Ghanaian lecturer of international relation even said, ‘nobody would have beaten us’ if we did not recognize the NTC. Am sure he would not say that in the lecture hall. And a lot of others also opined that it was too early and premature on the part of the country and that maybe-yes maybe- it was some long hand somewhere shrouded in mystery that coerced us into making such a “hasty” decision. Try as I may, am not going to draw any conclusions here. I am not too sure which side of the coin I belong to myself. But methinks instead of sitting down and folding...
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...prominent and successful authors was James Mercer Langston Hughes. “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” was written by Hughes at the tender age of 19. This poem is reflective of four central topics: African-American ancestry, racial pride, slavery and spirituality. The most obvious use of literary art, symbolism, plays a tremendous role in this poem and is effortlessly laced throughout the seams of this intricate ode. “I've known rivers: I've known rivers ancient as the world and older than the flow of human blood in human veins.” According to the most widely accepted theories on the origins of man, homo sapiens’ appear to have originated in Great Rift Valley in Africa. Above the “rivers” can be interpreted as ancient African ancestry. The writer knows from handed down accounts the story of his people’s lineage. If Africa is home to all of our births then this would explain the words chosen to describe the ancestors like “ancient as the world” and “older than the flow of human blood…” While using the Bible as a reference, it tells us that there are four rivers that originally flowed from the Garden of Eden. One of these rivers, the Perath River, is Hebrew for Euphrates. For this reason, I imagine the Euphrates River was purposefully placed as...
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...HIV prevention in Africa A continuing rise in the number of HIV infected people is not inevitable. There is growing evidence that prevention efforts can be effective, and this includes initiatives in some of the most heavily affected countries. One new study in Zambia has shown success in prevention efforts. The study reported that urban men and women are less sexually active, that fewer had multiple partners and that condoms were used more consistently. This is in line with findings that HIV prevalence has declined significantly among 15-29 year-old urban women (down to 24.1% in 1999 from 28.3% in 1996). Although these rates are still unacceptably high, this drop has prompted a hope that, if Zambia continues this response, it could become the second African country to reverse a devastating epidemic. This suggests that awareness campaigns and prevention programs are now starting to work. But a major challenge is to sustain and build on such uncertain success. What form should AIDS education take? Peer education A social form of education without classrooms or notebooks, where people are educated outside a 'school' environment but still have the opportunity to ask questions. Most peer education focuses on providing information about HIV transmission, answering questions and handing out condoms to people in a workplace, perhaps in a bar, or where a group of women gather to wash clothes. Most peer educators make contact with their target audience at least...
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...causing a decentering of their own culture. During the twentieth century such things as fashion, music, traditions, media, communication, and technology began to change and modernize to the times. Technology and communication has had an overwhelming growth since the nineteenth century. Some cultures such as music and literature has been passed down from generation to generation. There are many cultures that suffered decentering, such as Africa. The impact that the European culture had on Africa was devastating, as families and villages began to fall as men were sold or traded as slaves The African culture had many of their own traditions and their region flourished prior to the Europeans. The African nation lived quietly in large villages made up primarily of families, with each village having one leader. Art, music, and dance were a big part of the African culture. Part of their traditions was to dance at “stages of human development, the passing of the seasons or stages of the agricultural year” (Sayre, 2010, p. 253). In the earlier century Africa was once a prosperous nation. Ghana controlled all of the...
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...that the color “Black” has negative meanings, there was a strong belief which was that black was dirty, ugly, evil and a symbol of the devil. He suggests that maybe because white men came to know black men around the same time they encountered the great ape that these men believed that there was a connection between the two. This came about because Africa served as a good habitat for apes (gorillas, monkeys). They also felt that black men were sexually aggressive as were apes in Africa. Jordan also noted that Thomas Jefferson felt that black and white men were human beings that were created equal, but he also questioned the black man’s intelligence, but why did he still own slaves. In the beginning the Englishmen found that African’s were very different from them. Due to their skin color and features “Negros looked different to Englishmen”. They felt because of their supposed likeness to the apes and their savage behavior, this convinced the British that the Africans were more like animals than humans. This brought them to the conclusion that like animals the Africans should be captured and contained. Slave traders in Africa handled Negros the same way men in England handled beast, herding, examining and buying, as with any other animals which were products of commerce. African’s were not only startling, but extremely puzzling (157), to the English men. It was thought that the Negro’s skin color and wooly hair was caused by the sun. This theory could not be proven...
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...In reading the first three chapters of Booker T. Washington’s Up From Slavery, I was very moved by his depiction of his life in Virginia. His writing stirred up emotions within me. I was surprised at the sympathy he and other slaves had for their masters. It was also endearing when he told the story of a time when a slave was getting lashed and the young white children begged for his mercy. We are all human beings and belong to the same race, and even then the human spirit was alive among them. The detail of his writing I found to be very engaging. I can picture the cabin he so eloquently described as his families living quarters on the plantation. I found it surprising that they did not hold grudges or have ill feelings toward the white people. Because as I was reading I felt ashamed of how people could actually think they own a person. It is a concept that it is hard for me to accept as part of American history. Ambition and bravery are two words that come to mind while reading about Booker T. Washington. His drive to get an education is so moving. It is funny to me that people are people and some things do not change. For instance, when he first began school all the children wore hats or caps. He felt out of place, so his mother made him a hat out of two pieces of cloth. The children made fun of his hat, as like today with bullying in our schools. Children want to be accepted and fit in whether it be the 1800’s or the 21st century. One of my favorite...
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...In analyzing the efforts to alleviate global poverty in Sudan, Kiva stands out as a unique organization that is an enabler of value creation to microfinance operations. By partnering MFIs with individual investors, Kiva will continue to make its impact in Sudan by bypassing an unreliable government, raising low-cost capital, and raising awareness. Kiva connects individual investors with entrepreneurs in developing countries Kiva has achieved a strong position in a previously neglected area of the social investing value chain. By allowing individual investors to connect directly with entrepreneurs in developing countries, Kiva provides a new level of transparency and involvement in the effort to eliminate global poverty. Kiva has partnered with 89 MFIs representing 42 countries to reach out to poor entrepreneurs to help them create a sustainable living for themselves. Although lenders receive no actual financial return while assuming all the risk of default, Kiva remains successful because of the intense emotional return that is deeply embedded in every transaction. Kiva creates value by leveraging their partners’ strengths Kiva has developed its marketing strategy by partnering with some of the most prominent online advertising and networking websites, including Google, Yahoo!, YouTube, Facebook, and MySpace. Through these social networks, as well as through blogs and online merchandising, Kiva has been able to spread its message and brand image to countries all over the...
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...Gustavas Vassa was an African man was shipped to the Americas in shackles from Africa only to experience a more brutal form of slavery when he arrived. Gustavas Vassa did the best he could as a slave but often wished he would die, or be put to death rather than live in the condition in which he found himself. With the dream of being free, he believed it was never going to happen. At times he wished he could return to Africa, and be near his family, and the treatment of slaves wasn’t so brutal. He was fascinated by the way his captors did things and paid very close attention to their ways even though he disliked them. Gustavas Vassa had a hard time adjusting to slavery in America, the slave owners were hypocrites in his opinion and had no remorse for what they did. Yet they continued to treat them in an inhumane way. They pushed Christianity and in the next action, beat them within inches of death for no reason. Gustavas knew no other way of life except to be enslaved. The natives were impressed with the weapons the Europeans had they had never seen anything like it. They were very naive to what the Europeans were about and were not expecting what they did to them. The Europeans took complete advantage of the peaceful and calm nature of the natives. The Europeans took complete advantage and gained land, crops, slaves and animals, and left the natives completely bare. The only negative outcome for the Europeans that was bad was they were exposed to Syphilis. The Columbian...
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...always been a topic of great discussions and equal controversies. Although, the goal of these theories is to explain and prove where man came from and how he came to be, we have found that the basis of each theory is completely different from the next. The basis of the scientific theory is science and the discovery of fossils, and on the other hand, the basis of theology is creation and existence of God. Shown on the cover of the News week magazine is photo of an African man Adam and woman Eve in what appears to be the Garden of Eden. The cover of this magazine not only conforms to the ideology that the first man was African and thus, all other races came from the black man, but it also suggests that Eden was in fact located somewhere in Africa, man’s original place of birth. As we continue to examine the articles presented several Articles really struck a chord with me. “The Earth from Birth”, “Skulls in Ethiopia Is Linked To Earliest Man”, and “Fossils May Be Earliest Human Link”. In the Article” The Earth from Birth”, it describes the development of the earth into five lengths of time, the Archeozoic era, Ptoterzoic era, the Paleozoic era, the Mesozoic era and the Cenozoic era. Each of these eras played an important role with how the earth became populated with Microorganisms to large animals and reptiles. After reading this article a few questions came to mind, the first question is where did these organism come from? Did they always existed, and if they did, then if they were...
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...pueblos de antiguos y hace poco, las leyes chocan con nuestros conceptosacerca de los nuestros derechos..Havian muchas condenas a pena de muerte,eso no era tabu era comocualquier otro metodo ademas de la carcel para castigar a los criminales de esos tiempos. Havian diferentes formas de ejecución y castigos, así como la mutilación, la cárcel, los trabajos forzados y, sobre todo, el azote y la muerte. Luego ense~are los tipos de pena muerte que existian mas detalladamente La horca Este método, conocido en la antigüedad por hebreos, griegos y romanos, fue difundido en toda Europa por los germanos durante la Edad Media. Es de origen inglés y fue utilizado en el Reino Unido hasta la abolición de la pena de muerte, en 1969. También se ha empleado con asiduidad en países como Francia, donde fue sustituida por la guillotina; España, que la reemplazó por el garrote; Holanda, Austria, Alemania, Yugoslavia o Canadá. En la actualidad sigue aplicándose en algunos estados norteamericanos y varios países asiáticos, africanos y de Oriente Medio. La decapitación Es uno de los procedimientos de ejecución más antiguos; en los tiempos modernos la decapitación se ha llevado a cabo mediante la guillotina, invento nacido con la Revolución francesa y vigente en Francia desde 1791 hasta 1981, año de la abolición formal de la pena de muerte en este país. Actualmente se mantiene como método de ejecución en Madagascar, Laos, Camerún y Guayana. También era el método vigente antes de la abolición en países...
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...Success Factors Naturally, the leadership of Nike indicates at a great successful company in its strategic expansion into new global markets. Analysis of Nike’s success, it is possible to single out several factors contributed to the company’s progress. First of all, the most important factors of Nike’s success in its expansion in international markets wasthe shift of production to Asia. In fact, nowadays almost all the company products of Nike manufactured in Asian countries, such as Taiwan, China, Indonesia, Thailand and South Korea. It is noteworthy that, according to some experts, 99% of the 90 million shoes Nike sales produced in Asia every year had been done by a contractor workforce over 75000. Obviously, such a change has a positive economic impact of the development of Nike company manufactures its products in Asian countries, where labor was significantly higher than U.S, Europe, or Japan cheaper. For example, when Nike first moved to South Korea and Taiwan production of local wage $ 1 one hour in as little as one-tenth of the United States. No wonder in 1991, “a pair of Nike sports shoes priced at $ 150, women in the United States are paid by the Indonesian equivalent of 58 cents a day”. The situation has been undergone a tremendous change in these recent years. As a result, the company has been successful in reducing the cost of production, not only to maintain but doubled or tripled revenue compared to last until 1996. Besides that, Nike is very committed...
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