...Muslims. Several extremist groups were made on basis of these concepts and they started to function the conflict through excessive use of power. The conflict exists between the Muslims but the difference is that it is very violent now which led the displacement of people, breakdown of local support system and brutalization of social attitudes. The state has failed to play an active role in peace building, stopping violence, providing relief and bringing criminals to justice. The relations between Shias and Sunnis are worse than ever and the underlying conflict has not been resolved. Conflict brings to the surface ideological forces with great mobilizing potential. We can say that it is wider phenomenon of movement between tectonic plates. Zia ul Haq’s era gave rise to this curse of sectarianism when he tried to legitimize his rule by Islamizing laws, institutions, economics, politics, morals and manners, as well as education which led to Sunnification of...
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...M. Adeel Sohail 14767 Assignment # 3 Analysis of Pakistani Industries Miss Sadia Mansoor Nationalization of Steel and Wheat Industry in Pakistan Nationalization In 1972, nationalization program was implemented by Mr. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto for the very first time in Pakistan. The aim of this process was to promote economic democracy, liberalization, and to put the country in state of progressivism. Ended in 1977, this program was again put forward in 1996 by Benazir Bhutto. Despite its success in the initial years, these programs left disastrous effects on Pakistan’s national economy. Impact on Wheat Industry In the third phase of nationalization (year 1976), around 2,000 cotton, ginning, and rice husking units came under the program. This caused huge chaos among the workers of the country, especially the farmers as the agricultural hub was being affected by the policy. The program eliminated the crucial role of middlemen. The first and second phase had already created resentment among investors and trading agents across the country. There were various implications that nationalization gave to Pakistan: hyper inflation, drastic fall in production & GDP growth which consequently led to low savings & tax collections, resulting in unemployment, loss of confidence in the investor sentiment, public sector overweighed, sick industries, fall in production and most importantly increase in corruption. Government socialist policies against the business elite was believed to...
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...British Indian Empire. Prior to that it was ruled in different periods by local kings and numerous imperial powers. The ancient history of the region comprising present-day Pakistan also includes some of the oldest empires of Indian Subcontinent[1] and some of its major civilizations.[2][3][4][5] By the 18th century the land was incorporated into British India. Pakistan's political history began with the birth of the All India Muslim League in 1906 to protect "Muslim interests, amid neglect and under-representation" and to oppose Congress and growing Indian nationalism in return the British Raj would decide to grant local self-rule. On 29 December 1930, philosopher Sir Muhammad Iqbal called for an autonomous new state in "northwestern India for Indian Muslims".[6] The League rose to popularity in the late 1930s. Muhammad Ali Jinnah espoused the Two Nation Theory and led the League to adopt the Lahore Resolution[7] of 1940, demanding the formation of independent states in the East and the West of British India. Eventually, a successful movement led by Jinnah resulted in the partition of India and independence from Britain, on 14 August 1947. On 12 March 1949, the second constituent assembly of Pakistan passed the Objectives Resolution which was proposed by the first Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan, proclaimed that the future constitution of Pakistan would not be modeled entirely on a European pattern, but on the ideology and democratic faith of Islam. The legislative elections in...
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...and brutal leaders. The main causes of the downfall of nations have been corruption and incompetent leadership. We can see that supper powers support the incompetent leadership only for their self interest. When we evaluate the history and comprising with Pakistan Strong and powerful have always exploited the weak in a crude and inhuman manner. While the deprived intoxicated by heavy doses of philosophies recommending to recognize their ordained fate have kept quite and suffered. Corruption imperfectly affected the value of governance. It is of different types. Political corruption, related to the politicians and luxurious corruption is connected with the high rank bureaucracy.When Pakistan came into being on14 August 1947, Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah has strongly condemned the presence of corruption. Islam explicitly condemns the existence of corruption in every form. The root causes of the rampant corruption in the country are lack of responsibility, lack of effective accountability, poor performance, unchecked and limitless power all play a very important role to produce the deteriorate law and order. Since the inception of Pakistan, many governments called the champions of democracy has become the victim of the widespread corruption, and continues corrupt practices badly damage the process of democracy. Poor and common peoples of Pakistan badly effected at each level and every field of life. Violation of merit at each level is common thing, postings and promotions are...
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...SEMESTER Ref No Name 1 ABDUL REHMAN 2 HESHAM NAEEM 3 SUMBAL EJAZ 4 MUHAMMAD ZAIN AKRAM 6 HAMMAD SHAHID 7 AWAIS-UL-HASSAN EJAZ 8 HASHIR ALI 9 MUHAMMAD SAAD SALEEM 10 NOUMAN FARRUKH 14 FARA SHABBIR 15 MUHAMMAD AHMAD LODHI 16 WAJID TALAL 17 MOHAMMAD SHAKIR KHAN 19 MOHSIN RIAZ 24 MAAZ NAZAR 25 MUHAMMAD SALMAN KHAN 27 ALI MAQSOOD 28 SEHBA FAYYAZ 30 SANA YAHYA 31 MUHAMMAD KAMRAN MANZOOR 32 HAFIZ JHANZAB ANJUM 33 ASLAM IRSHAD 34 MUHAMMAD SOHAIB ANWER 35 MUHAMMAD KHURRAM SAEED 42 HAMMAD SADDIQUE 43 SAAD DANIYAL MUSSADIQ 50 ABDUL WALEED BUTT 51 ZUBAIR TANVEER 52 SAJID KHALID 53 SULAIMAN DAWOOD 54 HUNAIN FAISAL 55 TAMOOR SADIQ 56 MUHAMMAD ABEER AZMAT 57 MUHAMMAD BILAL SAJJAD 58 HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ASHIR 61 MUHAMMAD MURAD NAWAZ 64 NAYAB MAZHAR 65 FAIZAN KHALID 66 ARBAAZ ALI KHAN 67 MUHAMMAD UZAIR UL HASSAN 68 KHISAL IFTIKHAR 70 HAMZA KHALID BUTT 74 FAREEHA NADEEM 75 ABAD HAYEE 78 NAMRA SOHAIL 79 ABEER JALEEL DAR 80 MUHAMMAD KHIZER ASHFAQ 81 USAMA AKMAL 85 TALAL QASIM 89 MUHAMMAD JUNAID 90 MUHAMMAD SAJID 92 MAHNOOR MURTAZA 93 YAMAN SHARIF 96 RASHID IQBAL 97 KHATIJA SHAFIQ 98 AMMAR 99 USMAN AZAM 101 SAYED MUHAMMAD ANAS ZAIDI 103 ABDUL RAHEEM QAZI 104 WAQAS NADEEM 107 AREEBA WASEEM 112 HAMID ALI 113 AYESHA SATTAR 115 JAHNZEB IQBAL 117 AIMAN 118 HUSSNAIN SAFDAR 120 DURRAB NADEEM 122 IRFAN SHAHID 125 SABA BAQAI 126 MUHAMMAD FARRUKH NAWAZ 127 ABDUL HASEEB 128 MUHAMMAD SOHAIB SHAFIQUE 130 AMINA BIBI 133 WALEED BIN KHALID 135 ROHMA...
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...Ujala Ashraf Muhammad Abdullah Waleed Muhammad Aftab Muhammad Essa Khalid Muhammad Khalid Hameed Muhammad Maqsood Khan Muhammad Shoaib Muhammad Waqar Murzooq Saleem Noor Nauman Altaf Roman Majeed Syed Ahmad Hassan Bukhari Waqar Ali Zain Qayyum Abdul Ghaffar ABDUL REHMAN Abdul Rehman ABDUL SHAKOOR Abrar Anwar ABRAR JAMIL ADEEL AHMED ADEEL IRSHAD ADNAN SHAUKAT Aftab Shaukat Ahmed Zeeshan Ahsan Mahmud AIMEN BASHIR ALI AUN ALI EHSAN MANJ ALI EJAZ ALI HAMED ALI MEHBOOB ALI USMAN BASHIR Allah Ditta Shahid Ameer Hamza ANAM ALVI ANAM MOOSA Anam Ullah Aneel Shahzad ANUM INTISAR ANUM JAVED ARSLAN RAZZAQ CNIC 3310226618167 3310114158887 3530374620369 3830212044729 3310246045471 3640282454573 3310068099318 3310208917468 3430126117362 3110248981000 3660180459853 3660119940117 3210224181181 3310054615453 3660215126755 3430288411671 3310221134839 3310286092337 3310267032475 3330104275587 3130374936045 3530220857361 3310031746769 3520130546281 3540489657861 3230412338735 3310206565785 3310425262179 3510288617907 3310002339509 3310271578631 3310330195673 3410434351359 3310694673473 3310266881555 3310094300496 3550103015009 3410316103425 3410254910063 3640240257955 3310280974795 3310365417863 3320230856293 3110429923229 3310491652158 3310223351140 3210393094829 3650223947235 3220390088246 3310066811652 3110129155513 FATHER Muhammad Naseeb Mirza Abid Munir Ahmed Basharat Mahboob Muhammad Ilyas muhammad iqbal shahid mehmood Muhammad Iftikhar muhammad yaseen Muhammad Ashraf Muhammad Yousaf Rao Noor...
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...Gender Discrimination: Abstract: Gender discrimination is a non-tradition security threat to Pakistan and it has implications for Pakistan security. Pakistani women are more than half of the total population, but women are treated inhumanly within their homes by their husbands or dominant males through different ways like Domestic Violence, Sawara, Vani, Karo Kari, Honour Killing, Acid Throwing, Forced Marriages etc. Gender discrimination is also deeply rooted in Pakistani society in education and employment sectors. The security of a state like Pakistan is connected with the security of whole population and a country cannot be considered secure until its whole population feel secure. For the progress and prosperity of a country there is needed to eliminate the discriminatory attitude of the society towards the women. There are multiple ways to improve gender balance in the country which will reduce gender discrimination. Key Words: Gender Discrimination, Education Sector, Employment Sector, Gender and Human Security. I. Introduction This study discusses gender discrimination as „non-traditional security‟ threat to the country. It argues that women are more than half of the population and the security of women is associated with state security. This is so because no country can be secure until its whole population feels secure. Pakistan needs to empower its women for the progress and prosperity of a country. Balance has been maintained by...
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...Source: McCormick Foundation Sheikh Yusuf Talal DeLorenzo Sheikh Yusuf Talal DeLorenzo is considered the leading authority on Shariah finance in the United States and one of the half-dozen best-known Shariah advisors internationally. Although he has carefully avoided making public statements in support of Jihad, his religious background, professional affiliations, his high praise of fellow Shariah authorities such as Usmani, and his experience prove beyond much doubt that he subscribes fully to the Islamist agenda. Background DeLorenzo was born in 1948 in Northfield, Massachusetts. Sheikh Talal DeLorenzo is the grandson of Italian immigrants from Sicily. He currently resides in Ashburn, Northern Virginia with his Pakistani wife and three children. Education DeLorenzo attended the secular Northfield-Mount Hernon Preparatory School in Northfield, Massachusetts. He then enrolled in the undergraduate program at Cornell University but dropped out. He studied Islamic sciences under prominent Deobandi scholars at madrassa Jamia Uloom Islamia, Binori Town, Karachi, Pakistan (see details below). DeLorenzo completed three years of doctoral studies on the Legal Rulingsof the Quran at Bahawalpur University, Pakistan, and allegedly studied in Egypt. DeLorenzo‟s professional experience and affiliations include teaching courses on “The Principles of Islamic Investment,” Dow Jones University. He is also the Director for the Master‟s Program for Imams, Graduate School of Islamic...
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...Saleem Khan, London Metropolitan University, Religious Nationalism and Sectarianism in Pakistan Introduction Since the American occupation of Iraq, intra-Muslim violence has become daily news but prior to 2003, Pakistan not Iraq was the global centre for violent conflict between different Muslim sects. In 1947, British India was divided on religious lines and two nation-states India and Pakistan emerged. The British educated founding fathers of Pakistan perceived a united India as being detrimental to Muslims because as a minority Muslims would be not be recognized as equals by the Hindu majority state which would also suppress their rights so the concept of Pakistan was formulated as a nation-state where some aspects of liberal democracy would be implanted so that fairness and non-interference would be the norm. In the 1970s partly because of violent challenges to the state by ethno-nationalist movements partly inspired by uneven economic development and the upheavals in the international arena due to the Cold War, there was a major shift away from pluralistic politics and a move towards greater Islamisation beginning with the narrowing of the definition of a Muslim by the state in which the state gave up its neutrality. Additional government legislation imposing uniform religious taxes widen sectarian differences between the Sunni majority and Shia minority. By not initially accommodating Shia collective demands the state had alienated many of them. The subsequent and...
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...ABSTRACT: This new age economy, with its attendant paradigm shifts in relation to the human capital, in terms of its acquisition, utilization, development and retention, has placed a heavy demand on today’s HR professionals. Today HR is expected to identify potential talent and also comprehend, conceptualize and implement relevant strategies to contribute effectively to achieve organizational objectives. Hence a serious concern of every HR manager in order to survive this ‘War for Talent’, is to fight against a limited and diminishing pool of qualified available candidates to replace valuable employees when they leave, dramatically underscoring the difficulty to attract, motivate and retain the best employees in an organization. Our project covers the introduction and importance of talent management. It is followed by the application of talent management in National Bank of Pakistan and recommendations for the bank to retain and improve its talent. LITERATURE REVIEW: A detailed survey of the concerned literature has been carried out based on various journals, reviews concerned magazines and internet and presented below: Any Organization needs to have a vision and a well defined strategy on hiring for the future. We should have the right talent to attract and retain the best available talent for which a number of measures for talent management are required. [KARTHIKEYAN, 2007]. Emphasis has been paid on initiatives that can be put in place to help organization to retain...
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...Beginning and Evolution of film industry in sub-continent Introduction:- Film is a term that encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. The origin of the name comes from the fact that photographic film has historically been the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion picture, including picture, picture show, and most commonly, movie. Additional terms for the field in general include the big screen, the silver screen, the cinema and the movies. Films are produced by recording actual people and objects with cameras, or by creating them using animation techniques and/or special effects. They comprise a series of individual frames, but when these images are shown rapidly in succession, the illusion of motion is given to the viewer. Flickering between frames is not seen due to an effect known as persistence of vision, whereby the eye retains a visual image for a fraction of a second after the source has been removed. Film-A true art-form:- Film is considered by many to be an important art form; films entertain, educate, enlighten and inspire audiences. The visual elements of cinema need no translation, giving the motion picture a universal power of communication. Any film can become a worldwide attraction, especially with the addition of dubbing or subtitles that translate the dialogue. Films are also artifacts created by specific cultures, which reflect...
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...1. ------------------------------------------------- Background US -Pak relations in the last six decades have been unstable and moved in a cyclic pattern with ups and downs, sometimes having close partnership and sometimes having sharp friction between the relations, which are set according to the global and regional geopolitics.US PAK relations have different aspects during different presidencies,e.g:-during the Eisenhower, Nixon and Regan they were not smooth but during the Kennedy,Johnson,Carter,Bush and Clinton administrations however, policies were significant. Pakistan came into existence just as the cold war was started between AMERICA and SOVIET UNION. There were two camps, Soviet and US camp. Infant Pakistan and India had to pick their camps. 2.1 ------------------------------------------------- Relations during Liquat Ali khan: In 1947 liquat Ali khan became the first prime minister of Pakistan; in 1949 two invitations were received to liquat Ali khan. In 1950, Liquat Ali khan (1st pm) of Pakistan was invited by soviets and Americans, and then he chose to visit United States that was the start of Pak-Us relations, and India joined the soviet camp. When liquat ali khan visited USA he was warmly welcomed by the US president TRUMAN, here Liquat ali khan delivered a speech and said that both USA and PAKISTABN have same past both were under the colonialism and liquat ali khan was pro west so liquat Ali khan joined American block. Liquat Ali khan supported USA...
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...Balochistan Issue Historical sequence 1947: At the time of Partition, Balochistan consisted of four princely states, namely Makran, Lasbela, Kharan and Kalat. The first three willingly joined Pakistan in 1947, while Ahmed Yaar Khan, the Khan of Kalat declared independence. April 1948: Pakistani army invaded Kalat and the Khan surrendered. His brother, Prince Abdul Karim, continued to resist with around 700 guerrillas but was soon crushed. 1954: Anti-One Unit movement in Balochistan turned violent. Nawab Mir Nauroz Khan Zarakzai, chief of Zehri tribe, led a resistance of 1,000 militia against the army. July 1960: Nauroz’s son was hanged after being convicted of treason. 1962: Nauroz died in Kohlu prison, becoming a symbol of Baloch resistance. July 1963: Insurgents operating from 22 camps in Marri, Mengal and Bugti areas started to bomb railway tracks and ambushed convoys. The Army retaliated by destroying vast areas of Marri tribe’s land. 1969: Baloch separatists agreed to a ceasefire. Yahya Khan abolished One Unit. 1970: Balochistan was recognised as the fourth province of the then West Pakistan. 1972: The first ever elected government comprising Baloch nationalists was formed with Attaullah Mengal as CM. 1973: President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto dismissed the elected Balochistan government; this led to protests and calls for Balochistan’s secession. April, 1973: Baloch militants began to ambush army convoys. Bhutto ordered sending more troops to the province. The fighting...
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...Arrival of Islam Islam arrived in the area of modern Pakistan in 711 CE, when the Umayyad dynasty sent a Muslim Arab army led by Muhammad bin Qasim against the ruler of Sindh, Raja Dahir. Muhammad Bin Qasim's army was defeated in his first three attempts. The Muslim army conquered the northwestern part of Indus Valley from Kashmir to the Arabian Sea. The arrival of the Arab Muslims to the provinces of Sindh and Punjab, along with subsequent Muslim dynasties, set the stage for the religious boundaries of South Asia that would lead to the development of the modern state of Pakistan as well as forming the foundation for Islamic rule which quickly spread across much of South Asia. Following the rule of various Islamic empires, including the Ghaznavid Empire, the Ghorid kingdom, and the Delhi Sultanate, the Mughals controlled the region from 1526 until 1739. Muslim technocrats, bureaucrats, soldiers, traders, scientists, architects, teachers, theologians and Sufis flocked from the rest of the Muslim world to Islamic Sultanate and Mughal Empire in South Asia and in the land that became Pakistan. Islam and the Pakistan movement The Muslim poet-philosopher Sir Allama Muhammad Iqbal first proposed the idea of a Muslim state in northwestern South Asia in his address to the Muslim League at Allahabad in 1930. His proposal referred to the four provinces of Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, and the NorthWest Frontier -- essentially what would became Pakistan. Iqbal's idea gave concrete form to...
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...International Political Economy Contents 1.0 Explanation of: 3 1.1 Free Market System 3 1.2 Command System 3 1.2 Mixed Economy System 4 1.4 Islamic Economic System 5 2.0 Introduction 6 3.0 Description of the Malaysian Economic System 7 4.0 What caused the failure of the Free Market System in Malaysia 10 5.0 How does the Government intervene? 11 Reference 13 1.0 Explanation of: 1.1 Free Market System Free market system is an economy where the question is answered by and controlled by the people. It is a market based economy that depends on the law of supply and demand. The values of properties and facilities are set by the participants in the market i.e. suppliers, vendors, businesses, and consumers, in which the government has no role in setting any rules or regulations of prices and resources. In other words, the government does not interfere. It can be often referred to as Barter Trading. Both parties voluntarily agree to exchange something for the other to which he holds value. Which goods are to be produced are defined by the demand and supply rule. In a free market the products chosen by the consumers survive, a deficiency happens at time when consumers need to obtaining more than manufacturers produce. A surplus happens while creators want to sell more than customers wish to buy. Unavailability of a manufactured goods commonly result in value growths in a market economy; surpluses typically consequence in cost reductions. The disadvantages...
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