...So Near, So Far: Kabul’s Music in Exile Summary of Content John Baily uses the example of Afghani refugees in two different locations to show how cultural performances that are created in situations of exile can shape cultural practices at home. His paper is largely based on his own fieldwork conducted in the two sites of Afghan settlement in exile: Peshawar, Pakistan and Freemont, California in the United States. As his article largely focuses on Afghan music culture after the communist coup of 1978, Baily first offers a description of Afghan music as it was before the 23 years’ war, and describes trends between music and migration. He describes three categories of music in Afghanistan and focuses on the latter two: regional folk songs, which are characteristic of various regions and ethnic groups; popular music that was created and promoted by Afghanistan’s only radio station, called Radio Afghanistan; and art music that was created in the musician’s quarter of the old city in Kabul (Kabul’s Kucheh Kharabat). Baily also notes an important social distinction between professional (kesbi) musicians for whom a musical profession is hereditary, and amateur (shauqi) musicians who were typically from educated middle-class or even upper-class families and whose attitudes toward music were more liberal. Hereditary professional musicians tended to regard playing music as an occupation that was in their own tradition and right. Knowledge of Indian music theory and specific performance...
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...The Influence of the Electric Guitar on The Evolution of Music In the history of civilization, music has had a profound impact on cultural development. Over the course of human history, human creativity has produced a plethora of different instruments and musical styles. But amidst the vast expanse of musical expression, the guitar has emerged as a versatile instrument that has revolutionized music. Although its definite origins are uncertain, the first six-string guitar is said to have originated during the 1700s (Heck). Structurally influenced by the lute, the first guitar was rudimentary compared to what would follow. As is the case with any development, the invention of the modern day electric guitar took time. In the 19th century, steel...
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...Contrinia Gee HUM 211 Section 0901 Comparison Report There is many characteristics of early Christian art and music. Christian art and music became an important instrument of theology. Christian sculpture was second to painting and mosaics. Small-scale relief work was done on stone sarcophagi (coffins) and ivory panels. The subjects depicted were drawn from the Old and New Testaments. The earliest paintings of Christian art were done in catacombs. Christian music roots itself in Jewish worship. There were two kinds of music which were responsorial and antiphonal. Musical accompaniment of any kind was prohibited. Islamic art was not the art of one particular group of people or that of one country. It was associated with the life of one person, Muhammad, and the teachings of one book, the Quran. Islamic art and music was a fusion of many different cultures. The most influential were Turkish, Persian, and Arabic. At first, art was not encouraged due to the fact that Islam opposes idol worship. Palaces and mosques were built in the late seventh century. They were rectangular in plan, with an open court, and a fountain in the center used for purification. There were covered walkways, with flat roofs supported on columns and arches. They led to the side, on which is located the mihrab, a small niche indicating the side facing Mecca. Decoration was made of tile and stucco and either modeled in low relief or is built up in layers that are often cut away to create the effect of...
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...Running head: MUSIC AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO OVERALL INTELLECT !1 ! ! ! ! ! Music And its Relationship To Overall Intellect Kymberlie Joy Hurd College of Southern Nevada ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Author Note This research paper was done for Psychology 240, Section 4001, taught by Professor Mason MUSIC AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO OVERALL INTELLECT Abstract A review of previous studies was conducted to test and measure the correlation of music and its influence on various levels of intellect. Subjects range in age from 9 to 67 and education from elementary school to undergraduate and beyond. Analysis included studies of subjects who listened to music and subjects that have varying levels of musical training. While some studies found significant results in some areas of cognition, intelligence and memory, they were inconsistent and concluded that further testing was needed. This review examines further the question of causation with music as a variable with a direct effect to a subject’s intellect as addressed by Schellenberg (2011). To understand if there is a direct relationship between music and intellect, further research of a subject’s background and mentality is required. !2 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! MUSIC AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO OVERALL INTELLECT Title of Paper Here Many studies have sought to provide a significant and reliable relationship between music as a factor of a subject’s intelligence or memory retention. The results are often conflicting within each experiment...
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...Effect of Classical Music on the Reading Comprehension of Iranian Students Nasser Rashidi Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Email: Nrashidi@rose.shirazu.ac.ir Farman Faham Shiraz University, Iran Abstract—The influence of music on language learning and performance has been the subject of study for many years. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of classical music (Mozart Sonata) on the reading comprehension performance of two groups of Iranian students in an English institute in Iran. To this end, the study compared two groups of Iranian English students (N=60) over a period of three months: one was taught reading comprehension with a music background and the other with no music background whatsoever. The results of the study showed a significant difference between the performance of the group exposed to music and the performance of the other group not exposed to music. The group taught reading comprehension with a music background outperformed the other taught it with no music background. Index Terms—reading comprehension, music, background music, classical music, Mozart sonata I. INTRODUCTION The use of music as a tool by language teachers to teach foreign languages has been the center of attention to researchers for many years. That is why in the literature we can see different, but mostly positive comments concerning the effectiveness of music in language learning and performance. It has been stated that music can contribute to acquiring...
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...Example of Concert Review Essay [This was a paper written by an actual student in the Popular Music in America class. It is not offered as an award-winning review nor is it compositionally error-free. It did, however, receive an A for this assignment and is an example of the level of writing and analysis that is required to receive an A. Please do not, however, begin your paper in exactly the same way or attempt to copy “buzz words” or phrases. Write your own paper!] On February 17, 2005, the Jazz Ensemble at Tarleton State University had their first concert of the spring semester with special guest trumpeter, Daryl White. The jazz ensembles collectively performed thirteen pieces during the concert. “Fly Me to the Moon”, “Waltz for Debby” and “Ancient Memories” were three stylistically different pieces that allowed the audience to experience the various sounds of jazz music. Jazz music, like all music, tells a story and here are the stories of “Fly Me to the Moon”, “Waltz for Debby” and “Ancient Memories”. “Fly Me to the Moon”, written by Bart Howard and arranged by Sammy Nestico, is an upbeat standard sung most famously by Frank Sinatra. In the instrumental version of this song, a Latin-inspired sounding consonance set the romantic mood at the beginning of this song. A piano and saxophone then alternated the melody of the song as though they were dancing like two lovers flying to the moon. As the passion of the song heated up, the texture changed within...
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...ife without music would be as boring as a T.V. that only shows one color or a house that has only one room. In other words life without music would be dull. If there were a choice to have music in our lives and not have music in our lives I would definitely choose to have music in my life. I would choose to have music in my life for many reasons: to have something to enjoy whenever I want to, it can prepare me for anything, and I can turn it off whenever I want to. My first reason to keep music in our lives was because I can have something to enjoy whenever I want to. I am saying this because much of the time I am in my room and I am on my computer, and it is nice to have some music playing while surfing the web or just talking to some of my friends through instant messages. Not only that but sometimes when I am going on a trip to a place that is hundreds of miles away, I have nothing to do for a countless number of hours, so I always bring my music playing device so that I can pass time and never be bored, and sometimes it also helps me fall asleep when I want to on the car when there are tons of noises going on. Secondly, music is a great method to get me pumped up before a sports game, whenever I have a basketball game I always like to listen to something energetic, so when I go on the court I am energetic as well, but listening to music before a game always gets me extremely concentrated and coordinated, because everything in my body is in sync with the music I am listening...
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...Sound Tracks to My Life I wonder if there is such a thing as a good addiction, because I’m sure as hell addicted to music. When I think of music I think of an escape. I can be doing anything at any given moment and put in a pair of head phones and be completely in another world. Without music, my day is completely empty and boring. I wake up to music; I go to school listening to music and even eat to it. Music is a source of joy, stress, tears, camaraderie and fulfillment for me. What would life be without music? The world would be a very quiet place. Music for me is a reminder of how things once were an indication of how things are, and a view of where society is headed. Music is a direct reflection of the picture of society. Music can be a way to deliver messages, a poetic medium, a fine art, or nothing more than a source of entertainment. No matter what it is used for, music is the perfect art and my life would be that much less complete without it. Two songs come to mind when I think about all these sources of completeness for myself. First is “Proud to Be an American” by Lee Greenwood and “You and Me” by Soldier of Jah Army. I often think of the words of Lee Greenwood’s song “God Bless the USA” in which he states:”And I’m proud to be an American where at least I know I’m free....” I wholeheartedly agree. My heart swells with gratitude to God and this wonderful land where, regardless of whom I am or what my goals are, I have that priceless gift of freedom. Freedom to...
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...Digital Media Matthew McCormick Course # Com/225 May 20, 2013 Maurice Nelson Digital Media Technology has molded the electronic and digital industry into what it is today. Society is dependent and addicted to technology and the potential to make life easier through it. Research for school projects is no longer spent with hours in the library, reading and taking notes, or combing through dictionaries and encyclopedias. Students now have the internet, where with one click they have access to a whole world of information, and they can do it anywhere in the world. Road trips are traveled by GPS not through hours of route planning in a map. Television is sought at more now than ever by kids in place of playing outside. Photography has made major improvements when discussing technology. In 1826, Joseph Niepce, a French inventor, discovered the first way to capture images. Using a pewter plate and some light sensitive materials, he was able to capture the first picture. It took 8 hours of sun light exposure to capture the first picture, the courtyard of his home (Karwatka, 2007). Today, you can take a high quality digital picture instantly, virtually anywhere, with almost any electronic device. Recording sound has also had to evolve with technology. Thomas Edison invented the first recording device in 1877. He named his device the phonograph, meaning sound writer (Lerner, 2008). He used a cylinder wrapped in tinfoil that rotated as someone shouted into a funnel...
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...Gardener. Mentor. Friend. This is not a direct sequel to “Best Gift, Ever!”, but it almost is. I got so many positive comments and questions after that particular blog-post that I started to imagine my future celebrity book-signings, huge six-figure (even seven-figure) royalties. Why, I was even already on Oprah, to talk about my latest book and how well it’s doing on New York’s bestseller list. Dr. Phil was recommending it as well. Just before it became recommended reading for every child-psychology course in the US and Canada. Translated into fifty different languages, many hospitals were already talking of putting it in every new parent’s hands. Wonderful! Amen, somebody! But coming back down to earth, the immediate questions that faced me were, if you indeed want to give your child or ward the best gift ever, how would you go about it? How would you help your child become independent in this world, and have the ability to navigate this world as she pleases? How do you prepare her for a world that does not yet exist? One of the very best analogies I’ve found, for how to bring the best out of your growing child, is the art (yes, art) of growing a plant. Well, you don’t expect your child to remain rooted to one spot his whole life but the similarities are many. Scientists have long talked about “Nature vs Nurture”. Which has the strongest pull on how well a child does physically and mentally? Is the child a successful musician because the genes are there, or because he was...
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...live and work in Berlin, Germany and often do art works together. Cardiff's "Forty Part Motet" won the National Gallery of Canada's Millennium Prize in 2001. This installation was a reworking of the renaissance choral music "Spem in Alium" by the English composer Thomas Tallis (1514 - 1585) the 40-part choir was designed to mark the 40th birthday of Queen Elizabeth I. The forty voices are grouped into eight choirs of five voices. Each voice was recorded separately and is played back through 40 separate single loudspeakers. This brilliant sound sculpture was positioned specifically throughout the space. . Janet Cardiff is one of Canada's most important artists. Her sound installations have been shown across Canadian places such as in the NGC’s Rideau Chapel, it’s originally showing at Newcastle and also in a large gymnasium at the Trinity-St. Paul’s Centre and around the world. Janet Cardiff said "Most people experience this piece now in their living rooms in front of only two speakers, even in a live concert the audience is separated from the individual voices. Only the performers are able to hear the person standing next to them singing a different harmony. I wanted to be able to climb inside the music." The work allows the audience to get inside the music and experience it almost tangibly as the voices weave in and out of each other. The visitors could listen to each of the voices one by one walking closer to the individual ‘people’- the speakers or to all of them together...
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...The MOBILE MEDIA tours were an initiative of the Ontario Arts Council (OAC) to help build audiences in northern and regional communities of Ontario for independently produced, artist-driven film and video. In 2005, the tour took place over four weekends in April and went to four communities Peterborough, North Bay, Thunder Bay and Sudbury). Each community had a 90-minute screening and a half-day workshop. A promotional poster and program guide, in both official languages, were made available free of charge by OAC to presenters and the public. The program guide included a critical essay contextualizing the MOBILE MEDIA tour within Ontario’s contemporary media arts practice. The practical and comprehensive workshop following each screening was facilitated by a group of media artists, the tour coordinator (Annette Mangaard) and an OAC granting officer. In 2006, the tour was expanded to 11 communities (Attawapiskat, Fort Albany, Guelph, Hamilton, Moose Factory, Moosonee, North Bay, Sault Ste. Marie, Sudbury, Timmins, Whitefish Lake First Nation). The screenings consisted of two 30-minute programs, curated through an open call to programmers, and one 30-minute program of work by local artists. The tour was co-presented by local individuals or organizations who provided the venue, screening equipment and volunteer labour and promoted the event to their community. Once again, a promotional poster and program guide were provided by the OAC. Filmmakers, programmers,...
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...Professor Andreana Binder English 1301 20 July 2011 In Pursuit of Music What is music? Dictionary.com defines it as “an art of sound in time that expresses ideas and emotions in significant forms through the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, and color.” Music is all around us each and every day. Whether it be a three note jingle on a television station, or to the tracks you listen to in your car. I believe music is an integral part of our lives and to the human experience. It crosses cultures, boundaries, and races; life, death and everything in between. The fact that music can be so powerful continues to inspire and motivate me to pursue a career in the field of music. We’ve all had times when you hear a song and it seems to invoke some kind of feeling or emotion inside of you. You may experience the feeling of “goose bumps” throughout your skin. The song playing might even take you back to another time. I’ve always found things like this intriguing about music. To be able to portray and convey, or even bring out any emotion; thru sound or music; is a pretty powerful thing. As in all art forms there is a sense of creation. Essentially creating something from nothing, in effect, keeps us coming back for more. From an artistic point of view, an art is a form of creation that allows the artist to express oneself freely. That is a gratifying experience in itself. One of the most profound things I find about music is that it has the ability to bring people together in a sense...
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...The influences of music in a child's life. Music comes in all shapes and forms. When most people think of music they think of what you hear on the radio but music is all around us. From a young age we have learned what music is, from hearing the sounds of our mothers voice, to hearing pots and pans bang in the kitchen while dinner is being prepared. When I looked up the definition of music it said "The art of arranging sounds in time so as to produce a continuous, unified, and evocative composition, as through melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre." Which means that music can pretty much be made out of everything we can get our hands on. How does this effect children, you may ask? How does it not effect children! Some benefits of music are it Stimulates the brain, "Music simply stimulates parts of the brain that are related to reading, math, and emotional development.", improve memory "Further research has shown that participation in music at an early age can help improve a child's learning ability and memory by stimulating different patterns of brain development," helps them socially by teaching them how to work together (in a band, choir, ect.) is a confidence builder, teaches patience, teaches discipline, fosters creativity and so much more. It is a shock to me that due to budget cuts, music class is the first to be cut in most schools. In my opinion music class should be just as important as math science or English. "Schools with music programs have significantly...
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