...New Sources for Development Finance edited by A B Atkinson, Nuffield College, OXFORD Contents Chapter 1 Innovative Sources for Development Finance by A B Atkinson Over-Arching Issues By A B Atkinson Global Public Economics by J A Mirrlees National Taxation, Fiscal Federalism and Global Taxation by R Boadway* Environmental Taxation and Revenue for Development by A Sandmo* Revenue Potential of the Tobin Tax for Development Finance: A Critical Appraisal by M Nissanke* A Development-Focused Allocation of the Special Drawing Rights by E Aryeetey* The International Finance Facility Proposal by G Mavrotas* Private Donations for International Development by J Micklewright and A Wright* A Global Lottery and a Global Premium Bond by T Addison and A Chowdhury* Remittances by Emigrants: Issues and Evidence by A Solimano* The Way Forward by A B Atkinson Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 * These chapters are available on the WIDER website. Chapter 1 Innovative Sources for Development Finance 1 A B Atkinson, Nuffield College, Oxford Introduction 1 Innovative Sources to Meet a Global Challenge 2 New Development Finance: Innovative Sources 3 Origins of the Proposals 4 Political Economy 5 Criteria for Evaluation 6 Guide to the Contents of the Book Box 1 The Millennium Development Goals Box 2 Innovative Sources of Development Funding Considered Here Introduction Two powerful and divergent forces grip the...
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...Project Plan Proposal Part One PM/586 Project Quality Management January 20, 2014 James Aiken Project Plan Proposal Part One Introduction The selection process that this Georgia- based Head Start Program holds the focal point of this project proposal. As of the moment, selecting the beneficiaries of this project or program is based on a lottery system. In a circumstance where your child is selected, they are then permitted and encouraged to attend the head start program at no extra cost. On the contrary, if a child is not selected in the lottery, he could still join the program; but his family will be obliged to pay for the program at its own expense. This proposal aims to design a head start program that is all-inclusive and free. This points out to a program that involves all children in state of Georgia where it is originally headquartered. Project Approach and Methodology Used Essentially Project Management is characterized as a well- structured and planned approach towards efficient implementation of the set of activities intended for the entire project (Mutt, 2010). To be able to perform this paper, I prefer to utilize traditional approaches such as initiation, design or planning, execution, close monitoring and generalization after completion. Project Scope Many families claim that, no doubt, their children have the desire to attend the program but lack the financial potential to pay for it. It can be noted that kindergarten years serves as the...
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...attractive men and scantily clad women frolicking in the mountains drinking beer, can understand the popular association of coolness and fun with these activities. That is, until you recall the image of your friend vomiting at a party or constantly reeking of smoke. The marketing of games of chance, such as lotteries and casino games, is very similar. It often focuses on psychological tendencies and weakness as well as misconceptions, such as the possibility of rising from one’s current socio-economic state, internal and external loci of control, and counterfactual thinking, to attract customers to their business. From an economists standpoint, the choice to gamble has historically been somewhat disconcerting. According to standard theory, people will almost always choose to pay a premium, like insurance, to eliminate uncertain future outcomes. Yet gamblers regularly seek out opportunities to participate in gambles where the odds are overwhelmingly against them. In his May 1981 paper in the Quarterly Journal of Economics, Bruck [1] evaluates a modified utility curve to explain the apparent inconsistency with economic theory. The figure below, copied from Brucks paper, illustrates graphically how a rational person can take such enormous gambles. Rather than following the traditional risk-averse model, where the utility curve has a log or square root-like shape, the cubic utility curve allows the individual to gain a higher utility, marked by Un, by taking a gamble with...
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...Ever since the puritans established their Massachusetts Bay colony in the early 1600’s, gambling has been one of the biggest controversies that this country has had to deal with. As time passed and land based gambling became more and more regulated and legalized, the demand for gaming increased along with it. With the relatively recent creation and advancement of the Internet, this demand was soon transferred to Americas quickest growing craze… Online gambling. Online gambling and its legality have caused a great deal of controversy in the recent past. The industry is so profitable and the demand is so high, that despite government acts to make it illegal, people still find their way around it. There are those that argue that online gambling should be government regulated and taxed in the U.S., while there are also those who believe that legalizing it will only lead to an increase in addiction rates and be detrimental to our society. By legalizing online gambling in the United States, not only would the government amass a massive profit margin from the regulation and taxing of the industry, but also thousands of new jobs and businesses will be created, and it would make for a more safer and social gaming experience. As there are different forms of land based gambling, there is almost the exact same amount of games when it comes to online gambling. These games can be classified in two different categories, games of chance and games of skill. Any type of casino based game...
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...defense of their country. Along with their commitment to defense, these soldiers also committed themselves to be ethical professionals as well. The burden of being a member of the United States military is different than any other profession. Military members must maintain a high standard of ethics both on and off duty. Leaders in the United States military always enforce a high standard of both professionalism and ethics. Failure to maintain ethical standards and a high sense of professionalism may lead to a lack of trust within the command and the service. It may also lead to a lack of faith in the military by the general public. Ethics is the foundation that the United States military is built upon. Military Ethics Before a paper can be written on Military Ethics, one must define the following words: ethics, values and morals. Ethics are standards by which one should act based on values. Values are beliefs, such as, honor and integrity that motivate attitudes and actions. Lastly, morals are values which we attribute to a system of beliefs. Ethics, values and morals are formed as we mature and become adults. They are shaped by our families, teachers, friends and our environment. The military is represented by all aspects of society, which...
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...defense of their country. Along with their commitment to defense, these soldiers also committed themselves to be ethical professionals as well. The burden of being a member of the United States military is different than any other profession. Military members must maintain a high standard of ethics both on and off duty. Leaders in the United States military always enforce a high standard of both professionalism and ethics. Failure to maintain ethical standards and a high sense of professionalism may lead to a lack of trust within the command and the service. It may also lead to a lack of faith in the military by the general public. Ethics is the foundation that the United States military is built upon. Military Ethics Before a paper can be written on Military Ethics, one must define the following words: ethics, values and morals. Ethics are standards by which one should act based on values. Values are beliefs, such as, honor and integrity that motivate attitudes and actions. Lastly, morals are values which we attribute to a system of beliefs. Ethics, values and morals are formed as we mature and become adults. They are shaped by our families, teachers, friends and our environment. The military is represented by all aspects of society, which...
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...Privacy Snooper: IOT Arnab Kumar1 , Harishma Dayanidhi1 and Vijay Kumar KS1 {arnabk, hdayanid, vkanlanji}@andrew.cmu.edu 1 Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science, Pittsburgh, USA Abstract. In various ML-as-a-service cloud systems, the process of performing machine learning over the data is almost treated as a black box, where the user just feeds in their data, knows the model used and the system outputs required insights. In this work, we explore the idea of being able to predict sensitive attributes associated with the database given that the adversary would have access to a few quasi-identifiers associated with the database. We use inversion attack as the theoretical foundation for our attack, and implement the same for our database. We experiment this attack for di↵erent variants of classification algorithms, like classification tree and regression tree. We follow it up with analysing the accuracy of our attack for each of our classification based machine learning algorithms for di↵erent size of training datasets. We end our work by trying to figure out what we say is the ”most impactful attribute”, by selectively removing the data pertaining to an attribute and check what is the corresponding e↵ect on inversion attack. We hope our work in this domain pushes future batches of this class to explore this question even further, and too look into understanding if Di↵erential Privacy solves this problem. Keywords: Inversion Attack, Black Box, Classification Tree...
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...Prelude The Union Budget for 2012-13 (FY13) is to be presented in the Parliament on 16th March. As every year, the budget will be an event that would signal the direction set forth for the growth path of the economy. Global as well as the domestic investors would also be looking for signals. The attempt of the government to push for higher growth without sound economic fundamentals has further resulted in higher inflation, increased current account deficit, tighter inter-bank liquidity, and sub-optimal utilization of the tax payers’ money. The major expectations that surround the budget can be summarized as below: Sustainability in curbing government expenditure to check on the imbalances created by the fiscal deficit, without curbing consumption; Managing current account deficits and trade imbalances; Direction to catapult private investment, gross capital formation; Managing supply side constraints; and Empowering the under privileged with skills and knowledge for self-sustenance. A revival in investment cycle should be the way forward for the economy to drive a revival in productivity, rather than depending on consumption to drive productivity. Further, the supply side constraints, if exist for a prolonged period, would cripple the economy and the government would require greater fiscal and monetary...
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...women in the exact same occupation (Buckley, 2001). According to Statistics Canada, based on data collected from men and women aged 16 and over, men make an average of $68 500, whereas women make an average of only $45,500. Men employment rates are also significantly higher than women (Statistics Canada, 2009). * Sexual violence is a problem for college communities. The National College Women Sexual Victimization study estimates that one in five college women experience completed or attempted rape during their college years. (Fisher, Cullen, & Turner, 2000). Women have always faced significant challenges throughout their lives due to inequality between men and women. Stereotyping, lack of opportunity, pay differences, sexual harassment, gender-based violence and discrimination represent some of these challenges, which ultimately is disempowering women. This disempowerment has numerous consequences for society today. Times have changed and although unlike in the past, the thought of equality now does lie in the minds of most people, the actual effective significant change has yet to happen. This paper will define the inequalities that still exist between men and women, review the literature on sexism and inequality, and define ways to reduce and resolve it. Literature Review Sexism toward women is a damaging prejudice based in widespread social power...
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...Advances of Sonali Bank Limited Executive Summary This report is prepared as requirement of BBA program. This report focus three months working experiences in Agrani Balika Biddyalaya Branch, Sonali Bank Limited. This report will give a clear idea about Loan & Advance System of Sonali Bank Limited. The main object of the this report to know about the marketing policies Bank Limited. This Bank tries to provide higher quality services which leads to higher customer satisfaction. The information of the report has collected from secondary sources like books, published reports and website of the Sonali Bank Limited. It include source of existing/published data, such as: Operational manual, official website, banking journals. Research papers and account statement. From data analysis, I found that customer have chosen Sonali Bank Limited for its goodwill an d security, effective loan & advance system as will. Its most satisfied service is providing credits to the customers. Sonali Bank Limited should give more effort to make well establish market in the context of Bangladesh. Sonali Bank Limited should be more flexible to disburse loan & advance. The bank should be increased cash counter. Sonali Bank Limited provide loan in different sector. Background of the study: Internship is a prerequisite for completing the practical side to fulfill the BBA program. Theoretical session along cannot make a business student efficient and perfect in handling the real life business...
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...Executive Summary 3 Charlotte Bobcats Profile 4 A. Team History 4 Mission Statement and Objectives 5 A. Core Values 5 Charlotte Bobcats Event & Program Description 6 A. Venue Information 6 B. Arena Staff Contact Information 7 2013-2014 Charlotte Bobcats Schedule 8 Corporate Partnership Department12 Inventory of Assets & Benefits13 Capabilities & Past Experience Producing Events14 Compatibility with Sponsor's Image & Target Market15 Sponsorship16 Addendum17 Executive Summary of Sponsorship Proposal The Charlotte Bobcats are a professional basketball team based in Charlotte, NC. The team is a member of the Southeast Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Our organization was established in 2004, two years after the previous NBA franchise, the Charlotte Hornets, relocated to New Orleans. The Charlotte area and the Carolinas in general have long been associated with the thrill and excitement of basketball. During the days of the American Basketball Association (ABA), the Carolina Cougars were a region team who enjoyed enthusiastic support. From their inception in 1988 until the relocation in 2002, the Charlotte Hornets were one of the most exciting and well supported teams in the NBA, leading the league in attendance for 7 years during which time the team strung together...
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...A Survey of Electronic Cash, Electronic Banking and Internet Gaming 1 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE ..........................................................................................................................5 FOREWORD ..........................................................................................................................7 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 11 ELECTRONIC CASH .......................................................................................................... 15 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... SMART CARDS/STORED VALUE CARDS........................................................ The Basics ..................................................................................................... Stored-Value Card Issuers ............................................................................ COMPUTER E-CASH ............................................................................................ The Basics ..................................................................................................... E-Cash Issuers ............................................................................................... REGULATORY POLICY ......................................................................................... SUMMARY OF ELECTRONIC CASH...
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...3: The Arts sector …………………………………………………………. 30 Chapter 4: Publishing, Reading and Writing ………………………………………. 39 Chapter 5: The audio-visual sector ………………………………………………… 43 Chapter 6: Heritage Management and Promotion………………………………….. 47 Chapter 7: Mauritius, an Artistic and Cultural Island City- ACIC………………… 51 Chapter 8: Developing synergies…………………………………………………… 56 Chapter 9: Arts and Culture: the cement of our nation …………………………….. 61 Chapter 10: Conclusion - Arts and Culture make Mauritius a haven ……………...63 Message of the Prime Minister Culture is connecting with development and is poised to become a fundamental component of sustainable development. This White Paper sets the stage for a revival of arts and culture in Mauritius. My government sees arts and culture as an important lever of social integration and as an industry that can offer employment potential and wealth creation opportunities. While culture in the abstract is a set of mental constructs, it is rooted in a place at a moment in history and is always local. However, we often forget that it is a renewable...
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...A Report on “Pre-Budget discussion And its reflection in National Budget 2015-16” SUBMITTED TO Taher Jamil Course Instructor Business Taxation Course no: F-203 Lecturer Department of Finance Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka SUBMITTED BY group # Date of Submission: 11th August, 2015 Group Members Name | ID No. | Bodrun Nesa Ali | 20-008 | Pronab Saha | 20-110 | Ratila Haque | 20-124 | Tamanna Jahan Toma | 20-128 | Aleya Hossain Lima | 20-219 | Letter of Transmittal August 11, 2015 Taher Jamil, Lecturer & Course Teacher, Department of Finance, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka. Dear Sir, It is a great pleasure for us to submit the report on “Pre-Budget discussion And its reflection in National Budget 2015-16” , which is prepared as a fulfillment of the requirement of the course named “Business Taxation” of BBA program under ‘Department of Finance’ of the Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka. This study has given us the opportunity to learn the basics of tax and also given us the practical Knowledge through the discussion on budget. The analysis that we observed through this report will help us in our future, indeed. We would like to convey our special thanks and gratitude to you for patronizing our effort & for giving us proper guidance and valuable advice. You will be delighted to know that, we have tried our best to make this report more & more informative and factual. Sincerely Yours, Bodrun...
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...THE GROWTH OF AGENCY BANKING IN KENYA BY JOEL WANJOHI D63/73163/2012 A RESEARCH PROPOSAL SUBMITTED AS ASSIGNMENT FOR DFI 513: MASTER OF SCIENCE IN FINANCE, UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI NOVEMBER 2012 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this proposal is entirely my own composition. It has not been presented in any University or college for examination purposes. All references made to works of other persons have been duly acknowledged. Permission from the author or examining body should be sought before any part of this work is reproduced. Signed: __________________ …………………………………. Reg. No. D63/73163/2012 Date: 25/11/2012 ABSTRACT Agency banking is a new banking concept introduced in Kenya by the Central Bank (CBK). The main objective is to increase financial services outreach and to promote financial inclusion to the un-banked and under-banked population without risking the safety and soundness of the banking system. The concept is also geared towards encouraging financial institutions to use agents in the provision of banking services so as to reduce the cost of financial services and to foster financial inclusion, reach and depth. Commercial Banks worldwide offer similar kinds of services, but they could provide differences in terms of service quality. This paper analyzes past studies regarding service quality improvement in the agency banking sector. The continuing trend to a model of service quality improvement, from personnel...
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