...Nutrient data base). It has potential lipid lowering and antioxidant activity. Cucumbers are believed to have originated in Southern Asia. Its cultivation in western Asia at least 3,000 years. Phytosterols of the cucumber fruit include plant sterols and stanols. In most of the diet especially in vegetable oils the plant sterols are present. Phytosterols are effective in lowering plasma total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol from the small intestine (Uzodike et al, 2009). A comparative study on the nutritive value and physiochemical principles of cucumber was done and explored that cucumber reduces cholesterol; a compound called sterols in cucumber helps to reduce bad cholesterol. Cucumber is very...
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...ISSN: 0975-8585 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Cholesterol: Genetic, Clinical and Natural Implications Tanwi Priya1, Shashank Maurya2, Kishwar Hayat Khan3* 1, 2 3. School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India. Assistant Professor (Senior), Medical Biotechnology Division, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India. ABSTRACT Cholesterol is a lipid that has multiple functions. It is of great importance for cell membrane structure and function in vertebrates. Metabolites of cholesterol viz. bile salts, steroid hormones and oxysterols, fulfill important biological functions. Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. It is caused by an imbalance between cholesterol secretions into the blood and its uptake. This article is totally based on literature survey. The authors clearly explained the types of cholesterol, their functions and actions. They explored the cholesterol at molecular level by considering genes that regulate it. A number of diseases related to cholesterol were also highlighted. Plants products which can reduce the level of cholesterol were also explored. Moreover drugs that reduce cholesterol were also focused upon and the plant products which can act as their alternative were explained. Control of cholesterol through gene expression was also discussed. The aim of writing this article is to create...
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...body parts are composed of cells, named hyphae. The group of hyphae sets the fungus body is termed the mycelium. The mycelium is mainly subterranean and it can be very large nevertheless diffuse The visible fungus is usually the reproductive structure, or fruiting body 2-Fungi ultrastructure: All fungi have typical eukaryotic morphology. Their cell wall is rigid and composed of chitin, layered with glucans, mannans and other polysaccharides associated with polypeptides. Some fungi have cellulose in the cell wall. Some fungi like yeast are made of Histoplasma capsulatum have polysaccharide capsules that help them to avoid phagocytosis. Inner of the cell wall is the plasma membrane that is a bi-layered membrane plus the presence of sterols. The membrane of Fungal have ergosterol contrary to the cholesterol found in mammalian cells. The cytoplasm formed of various organelles such as mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, microtubules and a membrane wrapping nucleus. A single property of nuclear membrane is that it can persist during the metaphase of mitosis dissimilar to the animal cells and plant where it dissolves and restore. The nucleus have paired chromosomes. B) Sexual reproduction: https://mb0804mycology.wordpress.com/2008/07/29/reproduction-of-fungi/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8099/ The fungi choose the sexual reproduction when the environment’s conditions are unfavorable. Sexual reproduction is the alternation of haploid...
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...Aloe Vera: History, Science, and Medicinal Uses Presented by www.HealingAloe.com Many people are looking to nature for answers to their present health challenges. Aloe has never been more popular as a natural and holistic approach to many of today‟s modern diseases. People across the world with Diabetes, Arthritis, Gout, Psoriasis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Ulcers, Inflammation, and other conditions are looking to Liquid Aloe Vera for help. Even more people believe “an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure”, and numerous scientific studies on Aloe Vera are demonstrating its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, immune modulating and anti-tumor activities as well as antiviral, anti-bacterial, and antifungal properties. Aloe‟s medicinal properties can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the combined nutritional elements producing a more powerful effect than the individual components. This book will serve to educate and inform you as you decide to make Aloe part of your daily health program. CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Historical Information Early Medicinal Uses Preparation for Use Nutritional Overview of Aloe Medicinal Benefits External Healing Internal Healing Maximize Your Benefits What‟s Next? References 2 2 3 5 7 8 8 11 11 12 www.HealingAloe.com 1 1. Historical Information Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) is a specific species of Aloe. There are over 400 species of Aloe Vera plants in the Lily Family. Aloe plants tend to grow...
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...LIPIDS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LIPIDS Lipids are a group of substances made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen but in different ratios from those of carbohydrates. Lipids have more carbohydrates and hydrogen in proportion to their oxygen. The lower the amount of oxygen in relation to carbon and hydrogen results in fats being a more concentrated source of energy than carbohydrates. Most of the energy from fats is provided by a class of lipids called triglycerides. These are lipids that are made up of two components i.e. Glycerol (a trihydric alcohol and fatty acid). Fatty Acids Almost all naturally occurring lipids yield fatty acids on hydrolysis. Some yield only one fatty acid per molecule while others may yield as many as three fatty acids. In other words, fatty acids are the building blocks of lipids. Fatty acids are compounds that are composed of an even numbered carbon chain of from about 4-20 carbon atoms in the length. They have a single carboxyl group and a long hydro-carbon chain which is the one responsible for the oily nature of the lipids. The long hydrocarbon chain is said to be hydrophobic because of its non-polar characteristics while the carboxyl end is said to be hydrophilic because it is polar (negatively charged). Fatty acids with no double bonds in their structural are called Saturated fatty acids and they include: Butryric acid (Butatonoic acid C-4) Caproic acid (Hexanoic C-6) Capric acid (Octanoic acid C-8) Fatty acids are named on...
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...| | |[pic] | |RE: Physical Activity | |Professor Reiterman [pic] | |7/16/2014 8:45:21 PM | | | | | |Mary, you are not alone...I'm sure many of us can attest to feeling the same way. What do you think would be a more successful jump start | |to your "healthier living" regimen: making healthier food choices and incorporating regular exercise, beginning an exercise program that | |motivates you to want to eat healthier, or begin to do BOTH at the same time? There is no right or wrong answer, just "food for thought" | |for anyone wanting to think about it. ...
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...(Abstract) The present study was carried out keeping in view the recently emerging concern of the adulteration of the natural milk with the synthetic milk. Synthetic milk is prepared by emulsifying vegetable oils with appropriate amount of detergent and urea. Samples of the natural milk with synthetic milk were analyzed for concentration of urea and detergent and their effect is assayed through survey in different population in Uttar Pradesh, India. Children’s had different range of intake of milk. Children of age group 1-5 years consumes about 50-250 mg of milk daily, while of age group 6-18 years of children consumes about 250-1000 ml milk/day and children’s of age group 19-22 consumes milk about 500-1000 ml milk /day. Addition of synthetic milk is on large scale in Meerut district of U.P. and mostly urea in such milk creating huge problem of headache, eyesight and diarrhea in children. Keywords: Milk adulteration; Synthetic milk, detection, urea 1. Research Scholar, Faculty of H.Sc, Sri. A.K.A.P.G. Collage Varanasi. 2. Head, Department of Food & Nutrition, Sri. Agrasen Kanya Autonomous P.G. College. Parmanandpur, Varanasi. 3. School of Biochemical Engineering, Institule of Technology B.H.U. Varanasi. Corresponding Author Email: sheel_bhu@yahoo.co.in 1 Introduction Liquid milk is an essential nutritional food for infants as well as the aged. Adulteration of natural milk with a chemically synthesized milky liquid (synthetic milk) is a matter of serious concern. The dairy industry...
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...Garden Book) The “marigold” (Calendula officinalis) also called “ruddles”, common marigold, garden marigold, English marigold, or Scottish marigold is a plant in the genus Calendula of the family Asteraceae. It is probably native to southern Europe, though its long history of cultivation makes its precise origin unknown, and it may possibly be of garden origin. It is also widely naturalized further north in Europe (north to southern England) and elsewhere in warm temperate regions of the world. “Marigold” is well known as a wound-healing, antiseptic and stimulating remedy, but in fact modern herbalists rely upon this plant for a wide range of uses. Only Marigold's flower heads are used medicinally. The bright petals contain powerful natural chemicals that give the herb its' amazing healing properties, so always ensure that you use the most vibrant orange flowers available. Mindy Green in her book Calendula, has compiled an impressive list of some of Marigold's other potential...
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...AHS 210 Study Guide for unit test #2 * A Glycemic Index is a method of classifying foods according to their potential for raising blood glucose. Selecting foods with a low glycemic index is a practical way to improve glucose control. So it is better to choose food with a low glycemic index. Some low glycemic foods are: Peanuts, Soybeans, Cashews, Butter beans. Some high glycemic foods are: whitebeard, baked potatoes, Cornflakes. *Added Sugars are sugars and syrups used as an ingredient in the processing and preparation of foods such as bread, cakes, beverages, jellies, and ice cream as well as sugars eaten separately or added to foods at the table. Some other names for added sugars are: sucrose, invert sugar, corn sugar, corn syrups and solids, high-fructose corn syrup, and honey. * The DRI suggests that no more than 25% of the diet should come from added sugars, while the WHO and FDA suggest that no more than 10% of the diet should come from added sugars. *High-fiber foods-especially whole grains-plays a key role in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes. When soluble fibers trap nutrients and delay their transit through the GI tract, glucose absorption is slowed, which helps to prevent the glucose surge and rebound that seem to be associated with diabetes onset. *Increasing Dietary Fiber- 1. Increase fiber gradually over several weeks to gives the GI tract time to adapt. 2. Drink plenty of liquids to soften the fiber as it moves through the GI tract. 3. Select fiber-rich...
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...THE STUDY OF THE PRESERVATIVE EFFECT OF A BLEND OF Tamarindus indica and Ziziphus abyssinica EXTRACTS IN EXTENDING THE SHELF- LIFE OF MEAT BALLS ABSTRACT The study is aimed at finding out if combining the two herbs would result in a more effective preservative than when each herb is used independently.Preservation using natural products is associated with the presence of antioxidants,antimicrobial,antifungal or dehydrating properties. Fresh meatballs are made from meats that have not been previously cured,they are made from ground meat,either pork,beef or veal. Meatballs are however susceptible to microbial spoilage and auto-oxidation. The artificial chemical preservatives used in meatball preservation.eg sodium metabisulphite may be replaced by natural extracts such as Tamarind and Ziziphus extracts which have both antimicrobial and anti-oxidant properties. The extracts will be obtained from Tamarind andZiziphusseeds.The seeds will be dried and ground into powder followed by liquid/liquid extraction. The extraction was carried out by 400ml ethyl acetate and water for 100grams from each sample. The fresh meatballs will be processed in the JKUAT meat workshop using the correct recipe. Fresh meatballs batch with no preservative will act as the control. Another batch with sodium metabisulphite and finally with the seed extracts. The processed fresh meatballs will be stored at 40c and at 250c and the samples analyzed within a staggered period of 4 weeks for auto-oxidation,microbial...
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...Euphorbia Hirta or "tawa-tawa" Tawa Tawa or Gatas Gatas (Euphorbia Hirt) The Mindoro Post, within its article entitled "Dengue Fever Cure using Tawa tawa" (released The month of January 2010, utilized July 2010), creates, "many individuals understand and also have attested in order to the truth that these people and many more happen to be healed associated with dengue using a simple grass. This particular grass is known as Gatas Gatas within the land associated with Leyte. However in Butuan and Cagayan de Oro these people call this “Tawa Tawa” · At the same time, a wesite upon Filipino therapeutic grass offers the organic category associated with Tawa Tawa grass as well as explains which, "its blossoms tend to be several, each about 5 to 8 cm across. Sepals as well as petals tend to be obovate-oblong, yellowish-green, as well as protected along with big, reddish-brown smears” The effectiveness of Tawa Tawa Plant · One of the studies proving Tawa Tawa's efficacy is an investigatory project entitled "The Effectivity of Euphorbia hirta L. (Tawa-tawa), Prepared in Teabag Form, on Increasing Platelet Levels in Mus musculus (White Mice)." The said science project won the Student Research Presentation sponsored by the College of Agriculture atXavier University - Ateneo de Cagayan in thePhilippines. · The said project, as the title suggests, probes on increasing blood platelet levels using Tawa Tawa plant. For the...
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...ARTICLE IN PRESS Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology 59 (2007) 105–114 www.elsevier.de/etp Comparative ultrastructural analyses of platelets and fibrin networks using the murine model of asthma E. PretoriusÃ, O.E. Ekpo, E. Smit Department of Anatomy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, BMW Building, P.O. Box 2034, Pretoria 0001, South Africa Received 10 October 2006; accepted 13 February 2007 Abstract The murine Balb/c asthma model has been used successfully for a number of in vivo immunological applications and for testing novel therapeutics, and it is a reliable, clinically relevant facsimile of the human disease. Here we investigate whether this model can be used to study other components of the human body, e.g. ultrastrucure. In particular, we investigate the effect of the phytomedicine Euphorbia hirta (used to treat asthma), on the ultrastructure of fibrin as well as platelets, cellular structures that both play an important role in the coagulation process. Hydrocortisone is used as positive control. Ultrastructure of the fibrin networks and platelets of control mice were compared to mice that were asthmatic, treated with two concentrations of hydrocortisone and one concentration of the plant material. Results indicate control mice possess major, thick fibers and minor thin fibers as well as tight round platelet aggregates with typical pseudopodia formation. Minor fibers of asthmatic mice have a netlike appearance covering...
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...Biologic Effects Of Aloe Vera Gel http://www.ispub.com/journal/the-internet-journal-of-microbiology/volume-9-number-2/biologic-effects-of-aloe-vera-gel.html Nidhi KathuriaSenior Lecturer, Dept. of Prosthodontics, PDM Dental College And Research Institute Neelam GuptaReader, Dept. of Prosthodontics, PDM Dental College And Research Institute ManishaSenior Lecturer, Dept. of Prosthodontics, PDM Dental College And Research Institute Rahul PrasadSenior Lecturer, Dept. of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College Nikita MBBS Student Citation: N. Kathuria, N. Gupta, . Manisha, R. Prasad, . Nikita: Biologic Effects Of Aloe Vera Gel. The Internet Journal of Microbiology. 2011 Volume 9 Number 2 Keywords: Aloe vera gel, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, denture adhesive, tooth gel, denture cleanser. Abstract Aloe vera is known for its many health benefits. It helps in improving the appearance of skin, treat digestive problems and boost immune systems. Use of aloe vera is beneficial in many oral conditions. Due to its anti bacterial qualities it is effective in fighting the bacteria and preventing bad breath, gingivitis, stomatitis and periodontitis. Acute mouth lesions are improved by direct application of aloe vera gel on herpetic viral lesions, apthous ulcers and cracks occurring at corner of mouth. Denture patients with sore spots and ill fitting complete or partial dentures can benefit by the use of aloe vera. It also promotes cell growth and act as detoxifying...
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...| Module One : Introduction to Nutrition Hot Sheet | | | | | | | | The following provides you with a "Hot Sheet" of helpful bullet points that you can refer to for information on this module, as well as suggestions for your journal entry for this module. Remember, working though these journal entries at the end of each module will help you create your Final learning statement at the end of the course. So take a moment to use your journal and write down your thoughts to the questions below. | | | | Journal Entry #1 : Preparation for Your Final Learning Statement | | | | So far in this module we have covered the definitions of nutrition and energy, label reading, the USDA Pyramid Food Guidance System, USDA Dietary Guidelines and the Exchange System for menu planning. In preparation for your final learning statement that is submitted at the end of the course. I would like you to:Log onto: www.mypyramid.gov and calculate your personal food intake needed to maintain your current weight, etc. Most of us learn by applying concepts, especially about nutrition and health to our own lives. There is a wealth of information and tracking sheets that the USDA has created that you may choose to use in your daily lives.Please write in your journal your thoughts on the concepts learned in this module. Review the sections if you need to. After looking at your MyPyramid Plan comment on your intake of adequate calories and whether or not you meet any of these guidelines...
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...E&Y Nutraceuticals Critical supplement for building a healthy India Contents Foreword................................................................................................... 04 Introduction............................................................................................. 06 Executive summary................................................................................ 07 An insight into the nutraceuticals market of India Section I: Nutritional status of the population of india....................................10 Section II: Nutraceuticals market: global and India.........................................24 Section III: Way forward............................................................................... 48 Annexure.................................................................................................. 66 Acknowledgements................................................................................ 76 Glossary....................................................................................................77 About FICCI..............................................................................................80 Foreword Ajit Singh Chairman- FICCI Task Force on Nutraceuticals Chairman- ACG Worldwide (formerly Associated Capsules Group) President- Health Foods and Dietary Supplements Association (HADSA) Dear reader, Nutraceuticals as they are called in industry parlance cover a basket of products from...
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