...Natural resources are resources that exist without the actions of humankind. This includes all valued characteristics such as magnetic, gravitational, and electrical properties and forces. On earth we include sunlight, atmosphere, water, land, air(includes all minerals) along with all vegetation and animal life that naturally subsists upon or within the heretofore identified characteristics and substances.[1][2][3][4] Particular areas such as the rainforest in Fatu-Hiva are often characterized by the biodiversity and geodiversity existent in their ecosystems. Natural resources may be further classified in different ways. Natural resources are materials and components (something that can be used) that can be found within the environment. Every man-made product is composed of natural resources (at its fundamental level). A natural resource may exist as a separate entity such as fresh water, and air , as well as a living organism such as a fish, or it may exist in an alternate form which must be processed to obtain the resource such as metal ores, mineral oil, and most forms of energy. There is much debate worldwide over natural resource allocations, this is particularly true during periods of increasing scarcity and shortages (depletion and overconsumption of resources) but also because the exportation of natural resources is the basis for many economies (particularly for developed countries). Some natural resources such as sunlight and air can be found everywhere, and are known...
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...more convenient for pleasure, profit, and man's sustenance" (18). In this quote he expresses content with the Arcadia he says he has found. He then elaborates, "Under that latitude or climate, here will live any beast, as horses, goats, sheep, asses, hens etc." (18). In this simple sentence, he proudly evaluates that the earth and weather in Virginia is for ideal planting crops and raising animals and that, because of this, Jamestown could live in naturally provided comfort. Moreover, he goes on to further describe the geographical benefits, conveying , "The waters, islands, and shoals are full of safe harbors for ships of war or merchandise, for boats of all sorts, for transportation or fishing, etc. The Bay and rivers have much marketable fish and places fit for salt works, buildings of ships, making of iron, etc" (18-19). In writing this, he exalts the coastline and watercourses, which he believes will benefit the colony in the future, thus demonstrating that he is impressed by both the inland weather and woods, but also the bays, islands, and beaches. In his entry, not only does John Smith commend the pure climate and the advantageous geography, he promotes the naturally occurring resources, such as wood, vegetation, and metals. The explorer writes that the bounty of Virginia is nonpareil to that of England—or even all of Europe, and that the costly goods England buys each year from neighboring European countries can be found in America, unattended and unclaimed. He imparts,...
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...A Report on: ** Industrial Visit** Silvassa, Dadra and Nagar Haveli (30th November 2012 & 1st December 2012) By, Omkar Vartak Roll No: PG12089 Division - B PGDM (e-Business) : 2012-14 MET – ICS Presented to: Prof. V. Naik Report - Industrial Visit- Industry number 1 (Bombay Rayon Fashion Ltd)- The first industry we visited on our industrial visit was Bombay Rayon. This industry produced products such as fabrics and apparels. Rayon is one of the most peculiar fabrics in commercial use today. Rayon is a manufactured regenerated cellulose fiber. Because it is produced from naturally occurring polymers, it is neither a truly synthetic fiber nor a natural fiber; it is a semi-synthetic or artificial fiber. Rayon is known by the names viscose rayon and art silk in the textile industry. It usually has a high luster quality giving it a bright sheen. Coloured rayon is bought by the industry from its suppliers. Then workers at Bombay Rayon use a loom to weave the cloth. Firstly the thread is a fixed in a position. Two workers usually work on the thread placing process. This is a time consuming process which takes 7-8 hours. After the thread is set in place weaving takes place. It is done by intersecting the horizontally placed threads with the vertically placed threads. The pattern to be printed is decided by the designers who are placed in Mumbai and forwarded to the workers at the factory. A card shows the design and the length and breadth...
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...Study Guide:Quiz 1 Concentrate your studies in the following areas. Questions for Quiz 1 will come principally from this material. Lutgens and Tarbuck Textbook: Introduction * What is the definition of Earth Science? Is the name for all the sciences that collectively seek to understand Earth and its surrounding space. It includes geology oceanography, meterogology, and astronomy * What are the sub-disciplines of earth science (geology, meteorology, oceanography, and astronomy)? Know the definition of each of these. Geology- a word that literally means “study of Earth” It is traditionally divided into two broad areas- physical and historical. Physical geology examines the merials comprising Earth and seeks to understand the many processes that operate beneath and upone its surface. Historical geology is to understand the origin of Earth and the evolution of the planet through its 4.6 billion year history. Oceanography- Is not actually a separate and distint science. Rather is involves the application of all sciences in a comprehensive and interrelated study of the oceans in all their aspects and relationships. It intergrates chemistry, physics, geology, and biology. Meterology- is the study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate. Like oceanography, meterology involves the application of other sciences in an intergrated study of the thin layer of air that surronds eather. Astronomy- the study of the universe- it useful in determining...
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...paper, leaving the residue on the impermeable substance/filtrating medium and the filtrate to pass through. | Dissolved solids in liquids Evaporation | If the liquid in the mixture is more volatile (boiling point is lower) than the soluble solid, the soluble solid will remain while the liquid evaporates. The procedure employs the use of an evaporating dish and a Bunsen burner. | Crystallisation | Another method of dissolved solids from a liquid mixture (solution)The impure salt is dissolved in water at a high temperature to create a concentrated solution.The mixture is then cooled and the salt crystallises, leaving the impurity in the solution.This crystallised slat contains much less of the impurity than before. The salt can then be filtered and dried.Sugar cane industry. | Assess separation techniques for their suitability in separating examples of earth materials, identifying the differences in properties which enable these separations Yes, fractional distillation can separate a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen because they have similar (but not the same) boiling points. Could filtration successfully separate sand from a sand-salt mixture? No. Without water the salts in the sand and salt mixture will not separate out via filtration because filtration requires an insoluble solid plus a liquid mixture, which in this case would be salt + water Describe situations in which gravimetric analysis supplies useful data for chemists and other scientists * the process...
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...A magnet is any object that has a magnetic field. It attracts ferrous objects like pieces of iron, steel, nickel and cobalt. In the early days, the Greeks observed that the naturally occurring 'lodestone' attracted iron pieces. From that day onwards began the journey into the discovery of magnets. These days magnets are made artificially in various shapes and sizes depending on their use. One of the most common magnets - the bar magnet - is a long, rectangular bar of uniform cross-section that attracts pieces of ferrous objects. The magnetic compass needle is also commonly used. The compass needle is a tiny magnet which is free to move horizontally on a pivot. One end of the compass needle points in the North direction and the other end points in the South direction. The end of a freely pivoted magnet will always point in the North-South direction. The end that points in the North is called the North Pole of the magnet and the end that points South is called the South Pole of the magnet. It has been proven by experiments that like magnetic poles repel each other whereas unlike poles attract each other. http://www.howmagnetswork.com/ Materials Needed: * Fishing Poles made with meter stick with hanging magnet * Ziploc/ Plastic Bags filled with about 10-12 items (metal, paper, wood, cloth, etc) * Paper & Pencils, * Manila papers & Markers Procedure: Step 1: Fold paper in half lengthwise - one side titled Magnet Will Pick Up, and the other...
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...GMO stands for Genetically Modified Organisms. The most frequent use of the term GMO is in relation to the food that we eat, in that many crops and factory-made foods are created from genetically modified ingredients. Genes from other plants, viruses, bacteria, animals, etc. are inserted into the genes of certain products such as corn to make them more stable and resistant to drought, disease and pesticides. However, because of this cross-breeding, the safety of such foods has not been able to have been proven and other countries (and some counties in the U.S.) have banned the modified foods from being imported and/or grown. Another terrible thing about these GMO crops is that the new genes have been patented, so if they are spread even accidentally and unknowingly to other non-GMO commercial fields and that farmer selects the modified plants for subsequent planting, then the patent holder has the right to control the use of those crops. Yep, you read that right. If a farmer downwind of you is using GMO seeds, and they happen to go up in the air and pollinate your organic non-GMO crops, the patent owner (most likely Mosanto) now OWNS YOUR CROPS. Don’t believe me? See Monsanto Canada Inc. v. Schmeiser. Sounds fair, right? How about the new breed of these seeds that they are trying to get into the market called “Terminator” seeds that require yearly application of chemicals in order for that same seed to germinate again? Remember how your mom would plant seeds once...
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...chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. There are three naturally occurring isotopes, decaying with a half-life of about 5,730 years. Carbon is one of the few elements known since antiquity. There are several allotropes of carbon of which the best known are graphite, diamond, and amorphous carbon. The physical properties of carbon vary widely with the allotropic form. For example, diamond is highly transparent, while graphite is opaque and black. Diamond is among the hardest materials known, while graphite is soft enough to form a streak on paper (hence its name, from the Greek word "to write"). Diamond has a very low electrical conductivity, while graphite is a very good conductor. Under normal conditions, diamond has the highest thermal conductivity of all known materials. All carbon allotropes are solids under normal conditions with graphite being the most thermodynamically stable form. They are chemically resistant and require high temperature to react even with oxygen. The most common oxidation state of carbon in inorganic compounds is +4, while +2 is found in carbon monoxide and other transition metal carbonyl complexes. The largest sources of inorganic carbon are limestones, dolomites and carbon dioxide, but significant quantities occur in organic deposits of coal, peat, oil and methane clathrates. Carbon forms...
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...about the fundamentals of electron movement in semiconductor materials and develop this basic knowledge of how we can construct devices from these materials that can control the flow of electrons and light in useful ways. Georgia Tech ECE 3080 - Dr. Alan Doolittle Market Study Silicon is and will for a very long time be the dominant material used for electronics. However, MANY up and coming materials are slowly eating into silicon’s dominance. Compound semiconductors Compound semiconductors Organic and compound semiconductors Georgia Tech ECE 3080 - Dr. Alan Doolittle Devices we will study Bold indicates devices covered in depth in ECE 3040 P-N diode, heterojunction diodes, ballistic diodes, Schottky barrier diodes, Metal-Semiconductor Contacts, LEDs, Lasers, Solar Cells, Photodetectors, BJT, HBT, MOSFET, MESFET, JFET, Polarization Based Devices (III-Nitrides HEMTs and Ferroelectric transistors), CCD, Microwave transistors, power transistors, organic semiconductors Georgia Tech ECE 3080 - Dr. Alan Doolittle Modern amplifiers consist of extremely small devices Transistors in the above image are only a few microns (µm or 1e-6 meters) on a side. Modern devices have lateral dimensions that are only fractions of a micron (~0.1 µm) and vertical...
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...the modes of failure known as ductile/brittle fracture, fatigue and creep. P8 Describe a different process of degradation associated with each of metals, polymers and ceramics. Learners feedback P6:- I will learn to what are a ductile/brittle fracture, fatigue and creep and learn definitions of fractures. P8:- I will learn different processes degradation of metals, polymers and ceramic. And also learn what the degradation process is. Assessors feedback Action plan Assessors signature Rishi Mali Date Learners signature Nagesh Date Name: Nagesh Kom. Assignment No.: 4 Unit Name: Properties and...
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...December 13, 2014 Topic: Chapter 3: Analyzing the Marketing Environment Subject: Marketing Management Prepared by: Joel Gapit Cañon Professor: Dr. Antonio S. Valdez ------------------------------------------------- MBA School Year: 3rd Semester2014-2015 Learning Objectives: (2nd part allocated reports / continuation) * Identify the marketing trends in the firm’s natural resources and technological environments. * Explain the key changes that occur in the political and cultural environments. * Discuss how companies can react to the marketing environment. ------------------------------------------------- Natural Environment –involves natural resources that are needed as inputs or that are affected by marketing activities. Natural resource economics focuses on the supply, demand, and allocation of the Earth’s natural resources. Its goal is to gain a better understanding of the role of natural resources in the economy. Learning about the role of natural resources allows for the development of more sustainable methods to manage resources and make sure that they are maintained for future generations. The goal of natural resources economics is to develop an efficient economy that is sustainable in the long run. Importance of Environment This diagram illustrates how society and the economy are subsets of the environment. It is not possible for society and economics systems to exist independently from the environment. For this reason, natural...
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...noise, heat or light. Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants. Pollution is often classed as point source or nonpoint source pollution. Today, it is becoming a serious crime to pollute the air and water. ------------------------------------------------- Forms of pollution The major forms of pollution are listed below along with the particular contaminant relevant to each of them: * Air pollution:- the release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere. Common gaseous pollutants include carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and nitrogen oxides produced by industry and motor vehicles. Photochemical ozone and smog are created as nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons react to sunlight. Particulate matter, or fine dust is characterized by their micrometre size PM10 to PM2.5. * Light pollution:- includes light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical interference. * Littering:- the criminal throwing of inappropriate man-made objects, unremoved, onto public and private properties. * Noise pollution:- which encompasses roadway noise, aircraft noise, industrial noise as well as high-intensity sonar. * Soil contamination occurs when chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage. Among the most significant contaminants are hydrocarbons, heavy metals, MTBE,[10] herbicides, pesticides and chlorinated hydrocarbons. * Radioactive contamination, resulting...
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...2010101828 Sihle Maphanga GHR613 Assignment 4 Electromagnetics survey systems. 1. Towed Streamer Electromagnetic System Fig 1.2: Towed streamer electromagnetic survey system PGS successfully completed a Multiclient Data Acquisition Program validating the newly developed Towed Streamer Electromagnetic System during October 2012. The Multiclient program was conducted in conjunction with pre-funded surveys. This is a significant milestone that marks the arrival of an effective, commercially viable and highly efficient new method for acquiring resistivity data to the market. See further details Electromagnetic Streamer development has been a major R&D focus within PGS since 2004, complemented by the acquisition of MTEM Ltd. in 2007. Successful field trials with prototype systems were completed over the Peon and Troll fields (North Sea) during 2009 and 2010. A further validation trial was conducted in 2011.The principle objective of this new approach to Controlled Source Electromagnetics (CSEM) is to provide: Resistivity Surveys to enhance subsurface understanding, discoveries are becoming less obvious and fewer large fields are being found. Adding electromagnetic data to seismic can highlight prospective areas that may have been overlooked. Information – Intelligence having an additional attribute to use in the delineation and characterization of potential reservoirs can reduce risk and improve drilling success. How it operates The new Electromagnetic Streamer...
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...Water pollution Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water. In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities. Introduction Water pollution is a major global problem which requires ongoing evaluation and revision of water resource policy at all levels (international down to individual aquifers and wells). It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily. An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrheal sickness every day. Some 90% of China's cities suffer from some degree of water pollution, and nearly 500 million people lack access to safe drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing countries, developed countries continue to struggle with pollution problems as well. In the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 45 percent of assessed stream miles, 47 percent of assessed lake acres, and 32 percent of assessed bays and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted...
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...Textile This article is about the type of fabric. Textile is also a jargon term used by naturists or nudists to describe a person who wears clothes, and also the property that nudity is not allowed, e.g. in "textilebeach", "textile campsite", etc. A textile is any kind of woven, knitted, knotted (as in macrame) or tufted cloth, or a non-wovenfibers that have been bonded into a fabric, e.g. felt). fabric (a cloth made of Textile also refers to the yarns, threads and wools that can be spun, woven, tufted, tied and otherwise used to manufacture cloth. The production of textiles is an ancient art, whose speed and scale of production has been altered almost beyond recognition by mass-production and the introduction of modern manufacturing techniques. An ancient Roman weaver would have no problem recognizing a plain weave, twill or satin. Many textiles have been in use for millennium, while others use artificial fibers and are recent inventions. The range of fibers has increased in the last 100 years. The first synthetics were made in the 1920s and 1930s. Sources and types Textiles can be made from a variety of materials. The following is a partial list of the materials that can be used to make textiles. Animal origin • Alpaca • Angora rabbit hair • Camel hair • Cashmere • Mohair • Silk • Vicuña hair • Wool: divided into woollen and worsted Vegetable • Bark cloth has various uses, and is used in sheets. • Coir: the fibre from coconuts. • Cotton • Grass, rush and...
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