...Nazi or Not? Often times in a war, political and social agendas of a country become a major part, if not the main focus, of a soldiers. Many germans believed that the german army,Wehrmacht, kept Nazi Ideology separate from army orders. Yet as time went on many historians questioned this idea of Wehrmacht being recognized as an apolitical, professional army. I believe that orders by important German generals such as General Eric Von Manstein and General Herman Hoth, not only dispute the thought that the German army was apolitical but also show that Wehrmacht had in fact been corrupted by Nazi ideology. When considering the order made by General Eric Von Mansteing to the Eleventh Army of Wehrmacht, points are shown to prove that although thought to be apolitical Wehrmacht had indeed become politically driven. Manstein stated, “The Jewish-Bolshevik system must be once and for all. Never again may it interfere in our European living-space.” Through his introduction of Nazi legal and moral concepts into army life Manstein began to corrupt the German army. Quoting Manstein, “The German people are in the midst of a battle for life and death against the Bolshevik system. This battle is conducted against the Soviet army not only in a conventional manner according to the rules of European warfare.” This statement was the only the beginning of Manstein introducing an ideological component to the German soldiers. He began to transform the war into a war of survival against the Jewish...
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...Nazi State and Population The Nazi state set out to achieve a population that comes together as a community under certain rules and regulations. In 1935, Nazism was on the rise and working towards unifying Germany. A movie was released called, Triumph of the Will, which demonstrated Hitler’s ideal nation. This was one of the first sound movies created and was used to illustrate a new Germany and the power of Nazism. This movie depicted Hitler’s beliefs of an ideal nation. Also during this time, the Nazis established a set of laws called Nuremberg Laws. These were created to set rules and regulations for all of those who wanted to be apart of the Reich. The Nuremburg laws were the first standards set for individuals to figure out if they were apart of the Nazi nation or not. By using a new creation of film to reach a broad audience and publishing Nazi expectations through law, Triumph of the Will and the Nuremberg Laws both reflect Nazi efforts to shape it’s nation through the use of propaganda and national symbols, creating a welfare program with security of jobs, and identifying what it is to be a Jew. One way the Nazi party sought to bring together Germany as a community was through the use of propaganda and national symbols. The movie, Triumph of the Will, had a great deal of propaganda incorporated in it. It showed hatred of communists through the use of the color red. There were also a variety of images related to religion throughout the movie such as: burning torches...
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...Assess the work of Hjalmar Schacht in restoring Germany's economic situation. Germany at the beginning of 1933 had a high unemployment rate, which meant poverty was widespread. Those in work found that their wages declining which had consequences for those who produced consumer goods. International trade, industrial production and national income had all dropped. Schacht had been chosen by Hitler to solve Germany's economic problems due to a couple of reasons. The most important one was the fact he was the man who had solved hyperinflation in 1923 and had brought Germany's economy back on track then; the other reason was because Schacht was strongly right wing. Schacht became the Economic Minister in 1934 and used the financial facilities of the Reichsbank to help Germany rearm. He was then given dictatorial powers over the economy. The new plan of September 1934 provided control of all aspects of trade and currency exchange. Schacht had many ideas on how to get Germany's economy back up to full strength. One of his ideas was influenced by Keynes, a British economist. He adopted the policy of deficit financing; this idea was that money would be spent of public works to create jobs. The government would pay people to build motorways, which would then reduce unemployment. They then had money to spend, which would mean more products would be needed and companies would have to take on more workers, lowering unemployment further...
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...The Nazi Party The Nazi Party is one of the most notorious hate groups of all time, known for the mass murder of six million Jews and over eleven million people in total were killed by the Nazis. They rose to popularity after Germany’s defeat in World War I and remained popular until the end of World War II. The party was able to persuade Europeans into thinking their hateful ideas were valid. They expanded their party from Germany to other European countries. They wanted to murder all of the Jews in Europe and was somewhat successful. The Nazis became uncommon after World War II. However, their legacy as one of the most horrible groups of all time, is still relevant today. Rise to Power In 1919, World War I put Germany in an economically...
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...TOPIC: NAZI GERMANY Propaganda, terror and coercion underpinned the creation and maintenance of the Nazi state. Consider this in the period 1933-1939. The adage that perception is often stronger than reality has never been truer than in the Nazi state of 1933-1939, where image played a colossal role in the anti-semitic and Hitler myth propaganda of Joseph Goebbels. Image manufactured the fearful aura of the Gestapo as well as the ubiquitous representation of the law, both of which created and cemented acquiescence amongst the German population. It was through the creation of perception in Nazi society that propaganda, terror and coercion underpinned the creation and maintenance of the Nazi state. Any attempt to gauge the success of Nazi propaganda in the creation and maintenance of the Nazi state is somewhat difficult, as German society during 1933-1939 was so heavily influenced by terror and coercion that reported opinion did not necessarily reflect the true sentiment of the public. Nevertheless, it would be naïve to disregard the significant role that Nazi propaganda played in ensuring that the German public were unified in their support of the government. The most crucial objective of Nazi propaganda in the creation of the Nazi state was to create a new heightened national awareness. This was done through the creation of the Volksgemeinschaft (People’s Community), an institution that established cohesive community values. In order...
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...The Nazi Political Party The NAZI party also known as the National Socialist German Workers Party was founded in 1919 and ended after German surrender in 1945. The emergence of Nazi party set the world on a quick path to another war was created as a direct result of the post-World-War-One war treaty created without German involvement. For the German people The Versailles Treaty was just a continuation of hostilities with great financial consequences, loss of land and a forced reduction in their armed forces. The Germans had agreed to an armistice based on United States’ President Woodrow Wilson’s “Fourteen Points” However, when the “Big Four” Prime Ministers David Lloyd George of Great Britain, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, Georges Clemenceau of France, and President Woodrow Wilson attended the Paris conference they seemed to have created The Versailles Treaty strictly on their own terms, and established blatant...
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...In between wars the Nazi regime emerged as a counter-force to a combination of national grievances and economic crises, alongside the promise of strength and unity. Did this occur because the desire for strength and unity was strong enough that the people were willing to surrender their civil liberties? Civil liberties, “...are personal guarantees and freedoms that the government cannot abridge, either by law or by judicial interpretation, without due process.” (Hugh Starkey, undated.) How was the Nazi party promising strength and unity, what did they say, and how did they grow at such a fast rate. What were the national grievances that the german people were facing post war and how did the Nazi regime profit off it. And what were the civil...
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...Holocausto Nazi El Holocausto fue el maltrato y asesinato de un gran grupo de personas e individuos indeseables por el movimiento organizado del régimen Nazi y sus colaboradores. “Holocausto” o Holocaust en inglés, es una palabra de origen griego que se traduce a “Sacrificio por fuego”. Todo comenzó en el año de 1933 en Alemania, cuando Hitler llego a tener un cargo político y de inmediato puso en práctica actitudes discriminatorias hacia las razas que los nazis consideraban inferiores. Aquellas razas incluían a los judíos, gitanos, discapacitados, limosneros, y hasta prostitutas, entre otros más, la misión que tenía esta actitud discriminatoria no solo era rechazarlos si no aniquilarlos. Los seguidores de Hitler firmemente creían que entre la lucha entre razas, la “raza maestra”, solamente se consideraban a las personas de cabello rubio, ojos azules, e incluso de una estatura alta. Estas personas, según la actitud de Hitler, debían combatir por la supervivencia de su raza, la cual se consideraba la raza suprema, y luchaban para no perder la pureza y que no fuera contaminada por las razas inferiores. Acaso de esta creencia, millones de asesinatos fueron cometidos, con grandes consecuencias. La mayor parte de estos asesinatos fueron hacia los judíos, una de las razones fue porque los nazis los culpaban por la crisis económica, cual fue bastantemente notable en su país, Alemania. También eran culpados por la derrota de la primera guerra mundial, según Hitler los judíos estaban...
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...All Germans must die for what they did to the Jews, right? For putting the Jews through torture, the endless days of pain and agony. Only the men and women who were eligible to work were to live. Many women, children, and elder were sent to die. Living in concentration camps, not knowing when their last day will be. The Jews have lost their lives in the most cruel ways possible. Dying of disease, being shot, hangings, and sending them to burn in chambers. What if the Germans weren’t aware of what was going on? They were completely clueless of what was happening. The Germans were not responsible for the Holocaust. Before the ending of WWII, The Germans took a survey regarding their knowledge of the Holocaust. They surveyed throughout Cologne, Dresden, and Berlin. 9.85% of the Germans knew about the Holocaust, which is 255 people. 85.12% Germans didn’t know about the Holocaust, 2,289 people had no idea what was happening to the Jews. Should the ones who didn’t know be the ones to blame? The one’s to blame are the ones who knew about the Holocaust. Why didn’t the Germans stand up for the Jews? They knew about it, so why didn’t they say anything? The Germans had great fear of Hitler. They feared o stand up for the Jews. They risked their life if they were to do so. You can’t blame all the Germans for the Holocaust. You should blame the one’s who knew about the torture the Jews had gone through. They’re the one’s who should’ve spoken up. If they were to stand...
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...Sources B and C both talk about the support of the Nazi policy towards the Jews by the German People. Source B says that ‘Anti-Semitism has undoubtedly taken root in wide circles of the population’, implying that many German people were in favour of Anti-Semitism. The source then goes on to say that if a German citizen was to buy from a Jewish person, it would have been just to annoy the Nazi’s, not ‘in order to help the Jews’. This also suggests that many German’s were not in favour of the Jews. Source B also mentions these people being in favour of ‘restricting Jews to certain activities’, once again supporting the Nazi policy. This relates to my own knowledge on the Nazi policy, as I know that the Nazi party bought in many laws which restricted Jews from certain activities; such as the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour, which forbade marriage between Germans and Jews. Many German’s supported such Laws opposing the Jews. This source originates from A Socialist Party report in 1936, therefore the reliability is debatable. As an opposing party to the Nazi’s, the Socialist Party would be like to give biased information, against the Nazi Party. Similarly, Source C discusses the ‘reprisals were carried out against Jewish buildings and places of businesses’, suggesting that many German’s participated in the Kristallnacht. In this Source, Goebbels goes on to say that ‘the whole population is now firmly asked to abstain from all further action of whatever nature...
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...was what Hitler wanted for Germany under the control of the Nazi party. From 1933 to 1939 Hitler tried to control every aspect of Germany and its people. To create a totalitarian state Hitler would have to insure that one party and one party only controlled Germany. He would also have to ensure that he could keep the economy, the opposition, the media, the army and the police fully under his control. This essay will closely examine if he achieved this or not. Carl Freidrichs, a German historian believes that to have a totalitarian state all of these features are needed. In other words for a country to be a totalitarian state then the following features were essential. These included: suppression of all sources of opposition, total control of the media, total control of all groups in society, the total control of education, total control of the economy and finally total control of all civil life. If these things could be controlled then Hitler would have indeed created a totalitarian state. Firstly Hitler would have to crush all opposition to ensure that he could create his totalitarian state. Although Hitler had quickly established a one party state and silenced his political opponents, even though their use of threats and violence the Nazi party could never fully silence their opponents. The church provided them with a large amount of opposition. Both Cardinal von Galen and Pastor Bonhoeffer were amongst the Nazis leading critics and were later arrested and executed. However...
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...Sanjida Afrin Morality of Massacres and Genocide Prof. Harman Salton 2nd March, 2016 Nazi Memorandum The Holocaust was an extreme incident of genocide as defined by the UN Genocide Convention that took place in the 20th century in Germany as a religious, political and economical manifesto targeting an ethnic, national or racial group such as the Jews. The plot of this heinous genocide however started back in the 1930 before the WWII when Hitler and the Nazis started spreading propagandas to wipe out Jews from Germany. This memo will give a critical overview on the purposes behind the holocaust, how propaganda were used to conduct such extreme genocide and the role played by the Nazis and the Germans, followed by a brief comparison between the genocide in different countries and the Holocaust. When we start talking about Holocaust, one of the basic terms to use is “Anti-Semitism” which refers to hatred against the Jews. Even though factual evidences hold Hitler’s strong hatred towards the Jewish population as a major reason behind the holocaust, it is still a debatable issue. One of the most interesting facts that come to attention is the wide support of many of the educated German elites in the Nazi propaganda. This might be result of the flourishing economic conditions of the Jews in the then Germany. The Jews were open to modern education, they flourished in business and basically not as much affected as the Germans after the WWI. This might have led to economic and political...
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...specific leaders as the youth group were loosely organised. How did they oppose the Nazis? They beat up Hitler youth members, wrote graffiti on the walls and distributed anti-Nazi leaflets. Were they persecuted? Public execution was held for some of the pirates for the killing of a Hitler Youth leader. How successful? Partially as the public execution put many off but opposition still continued. Swing Youth What were they? They were young people who refused to conform to Hitler Youth values or even of its membership. The swing youth were fans of American jazz and swing. They tended to have long hair and listened to foreign radio which was an offence in war times. How did they oppose the Nazis? They listened to and recorded songs from foreign radios. This was considered a huge offence in war time. They also set up swing club which was tolerated until 1940 and it went “underground” after. Were they persecuted? Himmler threatens the ring leader stating those taking part in the swing movement will be sent to concentration camps with beating and harsh labour. How successful? No as swing movement still continued underground. White rose movement What were they? They were a small group of Munich students led by Hans and Sophie Scholl. Their aim was to shame German people into protesting against Nazis and overthrow Hitler. How did they oppose the Nazis? They gave out Anti-Nazi leaflets around the University of Munich. They also produced Graffiti and posters. Were...
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...Why did so many people comply with the Nazi regime? On the night of the 8th November, 1923, an abortive putsch took place in Munich. Hitler and some of his followers burst into a meeting in the Burgerbrau Cellar, which was being addressed by the Bavarian Prime Minister Kehr, with the intention of obtaining from him a decision to march forthwith on Berlin. On the morning of the 9th November, however, no Bavarian support was forthcoming, and Hitler's demonstration was met by the armed forces of the Reichswehr and the Police. Only a few volleys were fired; and after a dozen of his followers had been killed, Hitler fled for his life, and the demonstration was over. The defendants Streicher, Frick and Hess all took part in the attempted rising. Hitler was later tried for high treason, and was convicted and sentenced to imprisonment. The SA was outlawed. Hitler was released from prison in 1924 and in 1925 the Schutzstaffel, or SS, was created, nominally to act as his personal bodyguard, but in reality to terrorise political opponents. This was also the year of the publication of Mein Kampf, containing the political views and aims of Hitler, which came to be regarded as the authentic source of Nazi doctrine. Did their compliance emerge from pathological characteristics of the German people? In order to place the complete control of the machinery of Government in the hands of the Nazi leaders, a series of laws and decrees were passed which reduced the powers of regional and local governments...
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...Hitler and his Nazi party brought about various changes in Germany between 1934 and 1939. These are political, economical, and social changes, and they affected many people in different ways. The ordinary people in Germany, especially those who were unemployed were the ones who were benefited by some of the economical changes that the Nazis made. However, German communists, social democrats, Jews, and other people whom the Nazis took a prejudiced view of had to undergo many hardships during the period of the changes. Since the year Hitler became Führer and gained absolute power, many events occurred that changed the course of German history and took a heavy toll of human lives. The following paragraphs are about how Hitler and the Nazi party started the political, economical, and social events, and what kind of effects they had on the people. The political events include ‘Night of the long knives’, Terror Campaign, Nuremberg laws, and Kristallnacht. The first major event that took place in the year 1934 was ‘Night of the long knives’. This was triggered by the increasing power of the SA, the private army of the Nazi party. Hitler needed to stop this in order to gain support from the army that objected to the SA. So, Hitler ordered the SS, his bodyguard, to kill SA leaders and his private enemies as well. After this massacre Hitler became more powerful, and after one and a half months President Hindenburg died, so, Hitler became both Führer and Reich Chancellor. Terror campaign...
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