...mistakes and much loss of productive time. The Linux File Management System is a basic program for every user at a Unix/Linux terminal. Advantages here include the fact that the support team does not have to be burdened with solving simple file based queries by the employees. The areas of Designing GUI interfaces in Linux and Windows versus Linux Security were researched and a prototype has been designed, developed and tested. An evaluation of the overall success of the project has been conducted and recommendations for future work are also given. Words II. Table of Contents 1) Introduction.................................................................................................................................4 1.1 Overview........................................................................................................4 1.2 Sponsor Background...........................................................................................................5 1.3 Research Topics...............................................................................................5 2) Research Topic 1 – Security benefits of Linux OS compared to...
Words: 17681 - Pages: 71
...Interested in learning more about security? SANS Institute InfoSec Reading Room This paper is from the SANS Institute Reading Room site. Reposting is not permitted without express written permission. Network Security Concepts and Essentials: A University Overview How many computers would a university have? Estimate the number of users? A very large number is the answer, probably in the 10's of thousands and possibly higher. Do all these users authenticate with appropriate encryption techniques? How do users understand Internet security awareness? What does this all mean? And imagine no perimeter firewall and intrusion detection system in place - it's an attacker's dream place to commence creating havoc amongst the university community. And this can all be done from the convenie... AD Copyright SANS Institute Author Retains Full Rights Network Security Concepts and Essentials: A University Overview Matthew Wu Leng Version 1.2e September 2001 Abstract fu ll r igh ts. Have you ever tried looking at your company’s network from a different perspective? You work daily, usually long hours, drink high caffeine drinks, looking after your company’s prized possession – network and system infrastructure. But just for a moment, imagine yourself as a hacker trying to get into your network. Could it be done? Have you tried it? What are the Key possibilities? AF19 FA27 2F94 998D FDB5 DE3D F8B5 06E4 A169 4E46 fingerprint = eta ins We could...
Words: 6840 - Pages: 28
...Computer Security Incident Handling Guide Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Paul Cichonski Tom Millar Tim Grance Karen Scarfone Computer Security Incident Handling Guide Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Paul Cichonski Computer Security Division Information Technology Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD Tom Millar United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team National Cyber Security Division Department of Homeland Security Tim Grance Computer Security Division Information Technology Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD Karen Scarfone Scarfone Cybersecurity NIST Special Publication 800-61 Revision 2 COMPUTER SECURITY August 2012 U.S. Department of Commerce Rebecca Blank, Acting Secretary National Institute of Standards and Technology Patrick D. Gallagher, Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology and Director Reports on Computer Systems Technology The Information Technology Laboratory (ITL) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) promotes the U.S. economy and public welfare by providing technical leadership for the Nation’s measurement and standards infrastructure. ITL develops tests, test methods, reference data, proof of concept implementations, and technical analyses to advance the development and productive use of information technology...
Words: 32495 - Pages: 130
...in Thailand The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed do not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policy of the United Nations. Mention of firm names and commercial products does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication has been issued without formal editing. ii PREFACE The role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in national competitiveness and development, as well as in generating jobs and revenues for countless citizens, is well documented. Their meaningful and useful access to Information and Communications Technologies (ICT), particularly the Internet, will significantly enhance this critical role and will drive demand for and innovation in the ICT sector even more. This set of training modules was therefore developed to serve as a policymaking reference on Internet Use for Business Development, principally for middle- to senior-level Internet policy makers and implementers of public policy issues of Internet governance. More particularly, it is intended as an introductory guide to the various issues and legislative/policy options that developing countries should consider as they put into place the policies...
Words: 27227 - Pages: 109
...the following questions: ■ ■ What are the basics concepts of network security? What are some common network security vulnerabilities and threats? ■ ■ What are security attacks? What is the process of vulnerability analysis? Key Terms This chapter uses the following key terms. You can find the definitions in the glossary at the end of the book. Unstructured threats Structured threats External threats Internal threats Hacker Cracker Phreaker Spammer Phisher page 21 page 21 page 21 page 21 page 21 page 20 page 20 page 20 page 21 White hat Black hat page 21 page 21 page 28 page 28 Dictionary cracking Brute-force computation Trust exploitation Port redirection page 28 page 29 page 30 Man-in-the-middle attack Social engineering Phishing page 30 page 30 2 Network Security 1 and 2 Companion Guide The Internet continues to grow exponentially. Personal, government, and business applications continue to multiply on the Internet, with immediate benefits to end users. However, these network-based applications and services can pose security risks to individuals and to the information resources of companies and governments. Information is an asset that must be protected. Without adequate network security, many individuals, businesses, and governments risk losing that asset. Network security is the process by which digital information assets are protected. The goals of network security are as follows: ■ ■ ■ Protect confidentiality Maintain integrity Ensure...
Words: 13317 - Pages: 54
...Acquired Companies 19 3.3. Representations and Warranties Regarding the Sellers 43 3.4. Representations and Warranties of Acquiror 45 4. COVENANTS 46 4.1. Affirmative Covenants during the Transition Period 46 4.2. Permitted Distribution; Person A Severance 46 4.3. Negative Covenants during the Transition Period 47 4.4. Joint Obligations 49 4.5. Additional Covenants of Responsible Sellers 50 4.6. Exclusivity 50 4.7. Guaranty by K Company 50 5. CLOSING 51 5.1. Closing 51 5.2. Conditions to the Sellers’ Obligations 51 5.3. Conditions to Acquiror’s Obligations 53 6. TERMINATION 56 6.1. Termination 56 6.2. Effect of Termination 57 7. POST-CLOSING AGREEMENTS 57 7.1. No Disclosure of Confidential Information 57 7.2. Restrictive Covenants 58 7.3. Books and Records 60 7.4. Ownership of Intellectual Property 60 8. TAX MATTERS. 61 8.1. Responsibility for Filing Tax Returns 61 8.2. Cooperation on Tax Matters 62 9. INDEMNIFICATION 63 9.1. General 63 9.2. Indemnification Obligations of the Responsible Sellers 63 9.3. Indemnification Obligations of the Sellers 64 9.4. Indemnification Obligations of Acquiror 64 9.5. Cooperation 64 9.6. Subrogation; Insurance Claims 64 9.7. Third Party...
Words: 37042 - Pages: 149
...industrial-grade gloves, jackets, and other safety-related clothing applications. The Chief Information Officer (CIO) at Jacket-X is concerned with the current Information Technology (IT) security implementations and procedures. He has valid concerns due to reports from Human Resources (HR) stating financial issues with last year’s payrolls. There are also concerns with external network vulnerabilities that possibly can give hackers unauthorized access to company data and information. The CIO has internal IT security concerns due to a recent incident with an executive employee infecting the company’s network with malicious software from a company issued laptop. To help stay current with technology and compliant with federal laws Jacket-X decided to install a new Identity Management (IdM) system with Single Sign On (SSO) features. Several employees and customers do not like the new IdM system due to having privacy and data access concerns. This paper will analyze and discuss potential threats and vulnerabilities within the Jacket-X Corporation enterprise network. The paper will identify various IT security measures that will address the known threats and vulnerabilities. There will be discussions and recommendations made for choosing the best IdM system for Jacket-X. These discussions will also consist of the company addressing SSO privacy concerns, SOX compliance, inadequacies of current company IT security, and possible implementation issues with the new IdM system. Vulnerability...
Words: 6831 - Pages: 28
...and the term "terrorism" comes from French terrorisme, from Latin word 'terror', "great fear", "dread", related to the Latin verb terrere, "to frighten". Cyber terrorism denotes unlawful attacks and threats of attack against computers, networks and information stored therein to intimidate or coerce a government or its people for propagating hidden political or unlawful social and religious agendas. These attacks result in violence against persons or property or cause public unrest. Few examples could be explosions, plane crashes and severe losses. Terrorists are known to use internet to prepare the schemes, raise funds and spread cyber terrorism. For instance, Razmi Yousef who was a key person behind World Trade Centre attack had details schemes to destroy United States airliners encrypted files in his laptop computer. We know that Cyber terrorism is the crime that has emerged in recent times, to use the medium of Internet to terrorize the minds of citizens. Admirably, the Laws through the implementation of the Information technology Act, 2000, is one of the efficient steps taken towards the creation of punishment of these kinds of crimes. There is need of innovative laws and global standards on preventive action. The Indian Information Technology Amendment Act 2008 lays down Section 66F as a specific provision dealing with the issue of cyber terrorism that covers denial of access, unauthorized access, introduction of computer contaminant leading to harm to persons, property, critical...
Words: 4466 - Pages: 18
...Charlie. As you know, the Board of Directors met today. They received a report on the expenses and lost production from the worm outbreak last month, and they directed us to improve the security of our technology. Gladys says you can help me understand what we need to do about it.” “To start with,” Charlie said, “instead of setting up a computer security solution, we need to develop an information security program. We need a thorough review of our policies and practices, and we need to establish an ongoing risk management program. There are some other things that are part of the process as well, but these would be a good start.” “Sounds expensive,” said Fred. Charlie looked at Gladys, then answered, “Well, there will be some extra expenses for specific controls and software tools, and we may have to slow down our product development projects a bit, but the program will be more of a change in our attitude about security than a spending spree. I don’t have accurate estimates yet, but you can be sure we’ll put cost-benefit worksheets in front of you before we spend any money.” Fred thought about this for a few seconds. “OK. What’s our next step?” Gladys answered, “First, we need to initiate a project plan to develop our new information security program. We’ll use our usual systems development and project management approach. There are a few differences, but we can easily adapt our current models. We’ll need to appoint or hire a person to be responsible for information security.” The...
Words: 24411 - Pages: 98
...I R E A S O N I N G S N M P L I B R A R Y iReasoning SNMP API User Guide Copyright © 2002-2014 iDeskCentric Inc., All Rights Reserved. The information contained herein is the property of iDeskCentric Inc. This document may not be copied, reproduced, reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form, or otherwise duplicated, and the information herein may not be used, disseminated or otherwise disclosed, except with the prior written consent of iDeskCentric Inc. I R E A S O N I N G S N M P L I B R A R Y Table of Contents INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 About this document ................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 Target Audience .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................1 INSTALLATION .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................2 Requirements..............
Words: 5569 - Pages: 23
...traffic without requiring interactive operational support from Internet Service Providers (ISPs). Moreover, this traceback can be performed "post mortem"--after an attack has completed. We present an implementation of this technology that is incrementally deployable, (mostly) backward compatible, and can be efficiently implemented using conventional technology. Index Terms--Computer network management, computer network security, network servers, stochastic approximation, wide-area networks. I. INTRODUCTION D ENIAL-OF-SERVICE attacks consume the resources of a remote host or network, thereby denying or degrading service to legitimate users. Such attacks are among the hardest security problems to address because they are simple to implement, difficult to prevent, and very difficult to trace. In the last several years, Internet denial-of-service attacks have increased in frequency, severity, and sophistication. Howard reports that between the years of 1989 and 1995, the number of such attacks reported to the Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) increased by 50% per year [26]. More recently, a 1999 CSFFBI survey reports that 32% of respondents detected...
Words: 11860 - Pages: 48
...sorts. As business wake up to this reality, the demand for secure web services grows. There are two types of threats to the web services : 1.1 Passive attacks : It is eavesdropping on network traffic between browser and server and gaining access to information on a web site that is supposed to be restricted. 1.2 Active attack : It includes impersonating another user, altering messages in transit between client and server and altering information on a web site. In all distributed environment electronic mail is the most heavily used network based application. It is the only application that is widely used across all architecture and vendor platforms. Users expect to be able to and do, send mail to others who are connected directly or indirectly to the internet. PGP(Pretty Good Privacy) is an open-source freely available software for E-Mail security. It provides authentication through the use of digital signature, confidentiality through the use of symmetric block encryption, compression using the ZIP algorithm, E-Mail compatibility using the radix-64 encoding scheme and segmentation and reassembly to accommodate long e-mails. Chapter 2 Review of literature tells the need and appraisal of e-mail security Software. E-mail is well established as a prime means of communication for business purposes that is quicker and cheaper than more traditional methods. Thus is necessary to make one’s corporate messaging system as secure as...
Words: 27771 - Pages: 112
...Blackjacking Security Threats to BlackBerry® Devices, PDAs, and Cell Phones in the Enterprise Daniel Hoffman Wiley Publishing, Inc. Blackjacking Blackjacking Security Threats to BlackBerry® Devices, PDAs, and Cell Phones in the Enterprise Daniel Hoffman Wiley Publishing, Inc. Blackjacking: Security Threats to BlackBerrys, PDAs, and Cell Phones in the Enterprise Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc. 10475 Crosspoint Boulevard Indianapolis, IN 46256 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2007 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana Published simultaneously in Canada ISBN: 978-0-470-12754-4 Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, (317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: The publisher and the author make...
Words: 83592 - Pages: 335
... 1. Intro a. Regulating the Internet: Delicate, difficult, presents challenges 2. Body b. Past i. History of Internet Regulation 1. Early role of regulation a. Mediate connectivity between researchers, government 2. Milestones and events that shaped regulation b. 70s and before - Lab experiments c. 80s - Early commercialization d. 90s - Widespread adoption i. Early malicious activity ii. Educational organizations e. 2000 to present iii. The need to curb crime iv. The need to protect consumers and businesses v. The defense of our nation’s assets 3. Leaders in Internet regulation f. Efforts at home g. Efforts abroad 4. The challenges of regulation ii. Why broad regulation has proven difficult 5. Technology meant for other purposes 6. Grew too quickly c. Present iii. Structure 7. Present-day regulations h. How ongoing Internet regulation works 8. Who controls the Internet? i. Who enforces regulation? 9. How infractions are punished iv. Problem areas 10. Intellectual Property/Copyright Infringement 11. Provision of service issues ...
Words: 3196 - Pages: 13
...Abstract Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) has become the backbone of many organizations. Particularly, the internet has become an important aspect through which education institutions use to carry out research, communicate and innovate. Even through this evolution has brought many benefits but also it has also brought serious threats such as cyber-attacks that has been demonstrated over the past few years through acts of cyber espionage and cyber-crime through the virtual space. In this context, the University of Dar es Salaam needs to develop policies towards cyber threats even through this has often be clustered and fragmented. Using theoretical and conceptual models this paper provides an informed understanding and critical assessment of the University of Dar es Salaam cyber security policy through addressing the following research questions: What are the IT risk management policy and systems that can be developed for the University of Dar es salaam? The primary data is collected through surveys, and interviews that are open ended and close ended. The results of the paper demonstrated that colleges and universities have been a target for cyber-attacks due to the fact that of the vast amount of computing power they possess, and they provide open access to their constituents and to the public. The research also showed that University of Dar es Salaam doesn’t have a comprehensive IT security risk management policy or guidelines that will guide the business process...
Words: 7435 - Pages: 30
