...Veronica Vega: American Intercontinental University Abstract There are many theories that influenced many of the policies that we have today. Such as the Graffiti reduction program which has been influences by the argument of windows theory. Then there is the Neighborhood watch program which shows how the social disorganization theory has been influential to the program. Finally we have the Midnight Basketball program who is connected by the differential association theory. Below, all these theories and policies will be defined and there will be a better understanding on how all of these policies assisted the from decreasing violence around the community. Graffiti reduction programs include interventions that are employed on simple scales such as use of anti-graffiti paints to extensive multi-stakeholder programs. This multibillion dollar program is part of the crime prevention strategies targeting youths. The policy works on the belief that graffiti can cause social disorder as people associate the street art with presence of criminals and gangs in their neighborhoods. Stakeholders work together to eliminate existing graffiti as well as identifying perpetrators. The implementation of graffiti reduction programs have been influenced by arguments of windows theory. According to this theory, simple crimes, such as street violence, are harbingers of more serious disorders (Aiyer, Zimmerman, Morrel-Samuels, & Reischl...
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...at different neighborhood watch programs found in the United States and compare two of them. After researching quite a few of them I decided to talk about the city of Tucson Arizona neighborhood watch and the LAPD (Los Angeles police department) neighborhood watch program. Before I talk about the two programs, I will first define what a neighborhood watch is. According to our book as well as different internet definitions, it is simply a program of neighbors watching out for each other during the workday, evenings, vacations or any other absence. The purpose of this program is to create an alert neighborhood by using simple crime prevention methods. This program works with the mutual aid of neighbors watching property of neighbors. This had several advantages. First, your neighbors will be familiar with your lifestyle, material possessions, and family members. They will know what type of cars you drive and who belongs, as a rule, at our residence. If a police officer drove by your home, he might not recognize that the person standing in your front yard is a stranger but an alert neighbor will recognize that this person is a stranger. The most important thing to know about these programs is that they do NOT promote vigilantism. You are never asked to put yourself in harm’s way to prevent crime. You are only asked to observe and report suspicious behavior and activities to the police department. The City of Tucson Arizona has a neighborhood watch program that seems to...
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...Policies and their contributing theories Neighborhood Watch Neighborhood Watch is one of the oldest and most well-known crime prevention programs in the world. The modern day concept of program became popular in the late 1960s in response to an increasing burglary rate, the beginnings of Neighborhood Watch can be traced back to the days of first Colonial settlements, when night watchmen patrolled the streets. The modern version of the Neighborhood Watch Program was developed as a result of the several requests from sheriffs and police chiefs around the country who were looking for a crime prevention program that would include citizen involvement and address the increasing number of burglaries taking place, especially in rural and suburban areas. In 1972, the National Sheriffs' Association took the concept a step further by seeking funding to make the program a national initiative. The funding came from a grant from the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration. Now in criminology, the broken windows theory is based on the 1982 work of political scientist Dr. James Q. Wilson and American criminologist Dr. George L. Kelling. The theory implies that a closely monitored neighborhood that has a “zero tolerance” for petty crimes, creates a climate or order, safety, and lawfulness that prevents more serious crime from occurring. When the broken windows theory was introduced, it changed policing strategies and tactics. Unlike most other criminology theories that develop over long...
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...community being the eyes and ears of law enforcement. Crime prevention uses many different programs and strategies to foresee, distinguish, consider and tackle misdeeds and the variables which play a role in crime (Bureau of Justice Assistance, (n.d.). There are different target levels of crime prevention including families, communities, individuals, and certain locations. Individual level of crime prevention usually deals with preventing persons from ever committing crimes. It’s more as an avoidance tactic. Community crime prevention usually deals with changes in how a community functions and what they are doing to prevent crime. In order to maintain public safety and low-crime rates, Detroit is eager to get the community involved through community-based programs. Neighborhood Watches are the best way to prevent crime. A neighborhood watch program creates a renowned system of communication connecting law enforcement and neighborhoods concerning crime related predicaments (The City of Detroit, n.d.). Over the last several decades, the neighborhood watch has grown tremendously throughout the U.S. In 1970s and 1980s; and by 2000, the programs popularity grew; roughly 40% of the U.S. residential population was protected by Citizen’s Crime Watching Programs (Wihbey, 2012). The programs showed a significant reduction in crime among communities who were very involved. The objective of the program is to increase the community’s role in crime...
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...Community Based Policing DeVry University Prof. B. Griffin April 5, 2012 Introduction “Community institutions are the first line of defense against order and crime…”Thus it is essential that the police work closely with all facets of the community to identify concerns and to find the most effective solutions. This is the essence of community policing (Kelling, 1988). Community policing is a value system in which the ultimate goal is working cooperatively with individual citizens, groups of citizens, and both public and private organizations to identify and resolve issues which potentially affect the livability of specific neighborhoods, and areas within the city (Cassady, 2012). Community-based police departments recognizes that that the police cannot effectively deal with such issues alone, and must partner with others who share a mutual responsibility for resolving problems. Community policing stresses prevention, early identification, and timely intervention to prevent issues before they become a problem. Community policing is both a philosophy (a way of thinking) and an organizational strategy (a way to carry out the philosophy) that allows the police and the community to work together in new ways to solve problems of crime, disorder and safety issues to improve the quality of life for everyone in that community (Wilkerson, 2006). Community policing consists of two core components, community partnership and problem solving which is the foundations of a successful...
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...WA 6 Final Report Research-Based Report Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/wa-6-final-report-research-based-report/ Writing - STARTING NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH PROGRAM Instructions WA #6 Final Report: Formal Research-Based Persuasive Report: Writing assignment #6 will be a research-based report that addresses a problem or issue within an organization. For this assignment, you will write a report of 2000-3000 words on a problem or issue within your workplace or community. You will identify a problem or issue within your organization or community. This may be a current place of employment or a community group, such as a church, school, homeowner's association, daycare, recreation center, soccer team, or other group. You will then complete the following in the report: • define the problem persuasively and accurately • propose a solution or solutions to the problem or issue • present that solution to a decision-maker or group of decision-makers who can implement the recommendation. The report will include the following components: • table of contents (optional) • introduction • body of the report to include headings and subheadings • conclusion stated as a recommendation for implementation of the solution • References page, with references listed in APA format The complete report should also cite at least five sources. At least one of them should come from peer-reviewed, scholarly journals. Your sources can also include interviews. The sources...
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...WA 6 Final Report Research-Based Report Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/wa-6-final-report-research-based-report/ Writing - STARTING NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH PROGRAM Instructions WA #6 Final Report: Formal Research-Based Persuasive Report: Writing assignment #6 will be a research-based report that addresses a problem or issue within an organization. For this assignment, you will write a report of 2000-3000 words on a problem or issue within your workplace or community. You will identify a problem or issue within your organization or community. This may be a current place of employment or a community group, such as a church, school, homeowner's association, daycare, recreation center, soccer team, or other group. You will then complete the following in the report: • define the problem persuasively and accurately • propose a solution or solutions to the problem or issue • present that solution to a decision-maker or group of decision-makers who can implement the recommendation. The report will include the following components: • table of contents (optional) • introduction • body of the report to include headings and subheadings • conclusion stated as a recommendation for implementation of the solution • References page, with references listed in APA format The complete report should also cite at least five sources. At least one of them should come from peer-reviewed, scholarly journals. Your sources can also include interviews. The sources...
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...Rape Prevention Programs Patricia A. Saylor Criminal Justice 305 Crime Prevention Instructor Spinks August 10, 2015 Abstract This paper serves to inform the Philadelphia City jurisdiction of rape prevention programs that would be suitable for implementation in their jurisdiction. It will discuss trends in three major cities as well as nationwide trends. It also discusses costs of implementation and effectiveness of the programs. The paper asks vital questions and provides answers. There will be graphs and statistical data represented on the current and past trends in regards to forcible rape from the year 2002 to 2012. The three major cities focused on are Houston, TX; New York, NY; and Los Angeles, CA. The jurisdiction the programs are best suited to would be major cities such as these. The program addresses law enforcement in the adult justice system. The paper will explain predicted outcomes for both the short and long term. Keywords: Rape, Rape Prevention, UCR statistics This paper serves to inform the Philadelphia City jurisdiction of rape prevention programs that would be suitable for implementation in their jurisdiction. These programs are aimed at addressing law enforcement in both the adult and juvenile justice systems. Forcible rape is a violent crime against an individual. Forcible rape is also one of the most difficult crimes to track because not every person who has been raped files charges. Cities with a high population such as Philadelphia...
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...Technical College Community policing is, in essence, a collaboration between the police and the community that identifies and solves community problems. With the police no longer the sole guardians of law and order, all members of the community become active allies in the effort to enhance the safety and quality of neighborhoods. Community policing has far-reaching implications. The expanded outlook on crime control and prevention, the new emphasis on making community members active participants in the process of problem solving, and the patrol officers’ pivotal role in community policing require profound changes within the police organization. The neighborhood patrol officer, backed by the police organization, helps community members mobilize support and resources to solve problems and enhance their quality of life. Community members voice their concerns, contribute advice, and take action to address these concerns. Creating a constructive partnership will require the energy, creativity, understanding, and patience of all involved (Bureau of Justice Assistance, 1994). Reinvigorating communities is essential if we are to deter crime and create more vital neighborhoods. In some communities, it will take time to break down barriers of apathy and mistrust so that meaningful partnerships can be forged. Trust is the value that underlies and links the components of community partnership and problem solving. A foundation of trust will allow police to form close relationships with the...
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...Community policing brings police work into a domain traditionally policing units and charging them with improving the quality of life in low and moderate income neighborhoods. Community policing is “a policing philosophy that promotes and supports organizational strategies to address the causes and reduce the fear of crime and social disorder through problem-solving tactics and police-community partnerships.” The main focus of community policing is on crime and social disorder through the delivery of police services that includes aspects of traditional law enforcement, as well as prevention, problem-solving, community engagement and partnerships. After surveying residents of the community our team has new and improved strategies that will better the community policing and keeps our streets safer. What is community oriented policing and what does it ask of the police officers of today? There is no one commonly recognized definition of community policing, and there is a cautious tendency to label anything and everything as community policing. However, a good working definition would be "a department-wide philosophy of full-service, personalized and decentralized policing, where citizens feel empowered to work in proactive partnerships with the police at solving the problems of crime, fear of crime, disorder, decay, and quality of life. Community policing broadens the nature and number of police functions compared with traditional policing. It emphasizes organizational...
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...Training Bureau Management Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Finance Payroll Grants Administration Fleet Services Facilities Management Court Services Unit (CSU) Alarm Enforcement Unit (EAU) Records Management Front Counters/Telephone Report Unit Automation and Digital Records Crime Analysis Unit (CAU) Property/Evidence Unit Operations Field Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Neighborhood Policing Centers (NPCs) Management Accountability Program (RPD~MAP) Watch Commanders Problem Oriented Policing (POP) Bike Team El Protector University Neighborhood Enhancement Team (UNET) Crime Statistics Special Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Community Services Group Citizen Academy Crime Free Multi-Housing Neighborhood Watch Business Watch Youth Court METRO/SWAT & Aviation Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) Mobile Field Force (MFF) Emergency Negotiations Team (ENT) Aviation Unit Traffic Bureau Field Accident Investigators Police Motor Officers Major Accident Investigations Team (MAIT) Traffic Investigations Follow-up Traffic Program Supervisor Parking Enforcement Tow Enforcement School Crossing Guards Traffic Education Illegal Street...
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...Prevention through Environmental Design and other Preventive Programs University of Phoenix Survey of Justice and Security AJS/502 October 28, 2013 Crime Prevention and Theory, Such as Crime Prevention through Environmental Design and other Preventive Programs Criminal activity is not unplanned; it is either deliberate or opportunistic. Rendering to this philosophy, crime occurs when the activity area of a victim or objective crisscrosses within the activity area of a criminal. As crime rises a mass number of cities are requiring the implementation of crime prevention structures in the design of firsthand essential projects. Community crime prevention programs or strategies target changes in community infrastructure, culture, or the physical environment in order to reduce criminal acts. In a vast majority of cities the mythology of crime prevention embrace community watch organizations and policing, redevelopment of communities to pursue the involvement of residents, neighborhoods, churches and regional government organizations thus addressing the issues that contribute to criminal activities. One such organization is the National Crime Prevention Council which has made providing a multitude of preventive programs that include: Teens, Crime and the Community, McGruff Club, Celebrate Safe Communities among others to assist in addressing the needs and concerns of local communities. Although these programs are successful, this paper will focus on how criminal acts...
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...Office of Justice Programs N BJ A C E I OF F Bureau of Justice Assistance Understanding Community Policing A Framework for Action MONOGRAPH August 1994 NCJ 148457 Bureau of Justice Assistance This document was prepared by the Community Policing Consortium, supported by grant number 93–DD–CX–K005, awarded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance, U.S. Department of Justice. The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Bureau of Justice Assistance Response Center 633 Indiana Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20531 800–421–6770 The Bureau of Justice Assistance is a component of the Office of Justice Programs, which also includes the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, and the Office for Victims of Crime. ii Monograph Acknowledgments The Bureau of Justice Assistance wishes to thank Stephen J. Gaffigan, Director of Operations, Community Policing Consortium for supervising and coordinating the preparation of this document with the Consortium Management Team. BJA also acknowledges the members of the Executive Board and Advisory Board, who provided a wealth of expertise and information essential to the content of the document. Executive Board Richard Ward Director, Discretionary Grant Programs Division Bureau...
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...of minorities and why they were not effective. The Rodney King and Bryant Allen case most notably. Two African American men were videotaped by an observer being beaten by police officers helped to change the face of police. The radical changes that occurred because of this made way for much needed reform, community policing, which has been a tool for effective policing. Our text describes community policing as “a law enforcement program that seeks to integrate officers into the local community to reduce crime and gain good community relations. Community policing typically involves personalized service and decentralized policing, citizen empowerment, and an effort to reduce community fear of crime, disorder, and decay” (pg. 165). Community policing is how the police work with the community to protect the citizens while doing their jobs “effective and efficiently”. Overall, the concept of community policing seems like such a great idea for the citizens being served, as well as the police officers, but it has to be implemented. The implementation process must have everyone on the same page, which created a few challenges initially. Community policing requires the citizens/civilians and the police force to work together. Siegal and Worrall indicate that community policing strategies must be able to react effectively to the following significant administrative...
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...accountability at all levels within the organization and emphasizes the rapid identification of problems with creative solutions. The original concept was developed by Jack Maple, a police officer with the New York City Transit Police. It was originally entitled Charts of the Future. In 1995, it was adopted into CompStat by Police Commissioner William Bratton to serve the NYPD. The system has four principles for implementation: accurate and timely intelligence (know what is happening), effective tactics (have a plan), rapid deployment (do it quickly) and relentless follow-up and assessment (if it works, do more. If not, do something else). 2. Define with examples community oriented policing.. Community policing is a concept that focuses on the systematic use of partnerships and problem solving between law enforcement agencies and individuals within communities that address conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder and fear of crimes. Some examples that are being implemented in today’s communities are Neighborhood Watch programs, non-profit organizations, D.A.R.E (and other inclinations), safe/out houses, crime prevention education and citizens advisory committees. 3. Describe with examples, the four step problem solving system commonly referred to as S.A.R.A. The SARA model contains the following elements: Scanning:...
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