...Energy for the new millennium R.Ramasubramoni The energy man's ultimate dream is to create energy out of nowhere. And that is going to happen, almost. A tiny start-up in US is set to launch an engine that requires no fuel, yes, no fuel. The other features- it produces no pollution, and runs nearly everywhere- are a bonus. Entropy Systems, a seven-person start-up based in Youngstown, Ohio, is the company behind this and is planning to launch this engine-- named the Entropy engine--early next year. For Indians the matter of pride is that the technology's inventor, Sanjay Amin, a mechanical engineer, is an Indian and also the co-founder of the company. The Entropy engine converts heat to mechanical power. Any mechanical power over and above friction losses can then be converted to electricity by coupling an electric generator to the output shaft of the engine. Conventional engines can only convert high temperature heat to power, by burning fossil fuels. The engine takes room temperature air, absorbs heat from the air like a sponge, converts, that heat to power and exhausts air at a lower temperature. This low-temperature exhaust can be used for refrigeration and air conditioning. Thus the Entropy engine is both an engine and a refrigerator. An electric generator coupled to this engine produces electricity and has a higher efficiency rating than conventional engines. How it works--The Entropy engine (named after the unit in physics that describes the amount of available...
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...INSTALLED IN CHEMBONG FACTORY Nestlé’s commitment to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to meet the challenges of depleting energy resources has seen the implementation of several initiatives to reduce energy usage. Our goal to be an energy efficient company has seen us invest in new technologies to reduce wastage and increase efficiencies. In a typical food industry, the boiler house is one of the main energy users with plain boilers having an energy efficiency of 70 – 80% depending on its usage. The following diagram provides a breakdown of the various losses that occur in a boiler: From the diagram above, it is clear significant savings can be achieved with reduced losses from Flue Gas discharge, optimising the use of excess air and automating the blow-down operations. Programme description Our partnerships with external specialists in the field of energy management have led to new opportunities to eliminate waste. These include implementing new technologies to address losses in the three mentioned areas of the boiler operations. We have installed the appropriate technologies at the Chembong Factory to recover losses in these three key areas. Energy Recovery from Flue Gas The exhaust air emitted from the boilers contains a significant amount of energy due to its high temperature that range between 250°C – 300°C. To recover this potential energy, the factory installed a heat exchanger, also known in the industry as an Economiser. Feed water flows within the tubes in...
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...Participants will learn how world class organizations use safety metrics, including leading and lagging indicators in their journey towards excellence. DuPont has eleven best practice workshops available and is designed to introduce participants to DuPont’s best practices and describe how their participanting can help the organization prevent process related injuries and incidents. DuPont has been implementing Process Safety Management and Operational Risk Management concepts in their facilities and at sites worldwide for over 30 years. The productive costs of DuPont Industries is as follows as of 2012: Energy- 2.4% reduction in non-renewable energy intensity since 2010. DuPont...
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...Geothermal energy which is heat energy can be found in almost everywhere on Earth. It is a renewable energy derived from heat deep in the Earth’s crust. The word “geothermal” comes from Greek words meaning “Earth” (geo) and heat (thermal), it means using the nature heat produced inside the Earth. (Davor Habjanec,2008)The use of geothermal energy occurred more than 10,000 years ago with the settlement of Paleo-Indians in hot springs. The technology of geothermal energy improved each year. In 1904, the first geothermal power plant was built in Larderello, Italy. Although geothermal energy's installation is expensive, it is an efficient and reliable energy resource which does not cause significant pollution, it is renewable, and we can predict the output power with remarkable accuracy. Commercial geothermal power projects which is the geothermal power plant, are expensive. The exploration and drilling of new reservoirs come with a steep price tag. Total costs usually end...
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...NATONIA ENERGY – Case Study Individual Review Assignment Date due 17th June 2016 COB (close of business) ~ 3500 words This document presents a description of the company NATEPCO, a full description will follow below. NATEPCO is a subsidiary of NATONIA ENERGY HOLDINGS in the imaginary country Natonia. You hold the position of CIO of NATEPCO and you have been tasked to prepare an IT strategic plan for the Managing Director of NATEPCO. Use thereto the following questions to cover all relevant aspects: Part 1 a) Sketch the Business Model for NATEPCO using the approach of Osterwalder. Make a short description (3-4 lines) for each of the 9 boxes and indicate (where possible) what kind of IT systems are being used in each. b) Derive the business maxims for NATEPCO (maxims are explained in attached article). c) Derive IT maxims relating to these business maxims (do not purely map 1-1). Part 2 a) Identify what is wrong / lacking with operational and organizational governance in NATEPCO. Where does NATEPCO stand on the issue of LIKE and AS a business (see attached article). b) Identify areas of improvement for NATEPCO’S IT organisation in the area of organization, e.g. Committees, Processes, Roles & Responsibilities, Rules and Budget authority. c) Develop an IT Balanced Score Card for operational performance management of NATEPCO d) Sketch a (high level) outline for a IT Balanced Scorecard for NATONIA ENERGY HOLDINGS. Part 3 a) Suggest new IT technology relevant for...
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...intermolecular forces and use of energy define the direction and product of a chemical reaction. This experiment will reveal how temperatures can either enhance or decrease the reactions rates. Introduction Calorimetry is the measurement of the amount heat exchange in any given chemical reaction. This heat exchange can reality be measured by a thermometer placed within a closed system, as this would ensure no heat would escape. The exchange of heat or energy is a very important factor in...
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...The Importance of Energy For plant Earth, the Sun is the main source for all energy. It is the main essential thing that provides us with light, warmth and energy. Some organisms, such as plants and algae, create their own food using the sun as their main source of energy. In turn the fuel the rest of the world by creating energy for animals and humans after being consumed. They also remove carbon dioxide from the air and replenish oxygen for us to breath. This process, through which this energy is harnessed and used to create food, or carbohydrates, is called photosynthesis. Can the energy of the sun be harnessed by humans to create energy? It can be and it is through the use of solar cells. Photosynthesis and solar cells are similar, yet different in a few ways. Creating Our Own Energy Humans have figured out how to use the power of the sun for energy. Using Solar panels containing semiconductors, we can turn the sun into electricity, a very popular form of energy. In this way, photosynthesis and solar cells are similar, both using the suns light to create a form of energy. The type of energy created, however, is where one difference comes into play. Plants create a chemical energy known as carbohydrates, a simple organic compound of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen, while solar cells use semiconductors to produce electricity. Use of Electrons Solar Cells and Photosynthesis both use a form of an electron transport system to create their energy. In photosynthesis...
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...one large nucleus or particle, and during this process, energy is released in the form of light and heat An example is in the Sun, hydrogen nuclei fuse (combine) together to make helium nuclei which releases energy. Fission- occurs when the nucleus of one big atom splits into 2 new atoms and a tremendous amount of energy is released in the form of light an heat. (nuclear reactor or interior of the earth, uranium nuclei split apart causing energy to be released) Some of the matter making up the nuclei is converted into energy E= mc^2 Energy = mass X (Speed of light)^2 Indicated that energy intrinsically stored in matter at rest equals its mass times the speed of light squared Suggests that an incredibly huge amount of energy is released when a small amount of matter is converted to energy Radiation Energy radiated or transmitted in the form of rays waves or particles Examples Visible light that can be seen by naked eye Infared radiation Ultraviolet radiation (UV) that cannot be ssen with naked eye Long wave radiation such as tv waves and radio waves Very short waves such as x-rays and gamma rays Electromagnetic radiation --Energy from sun that comes to earth in this form --A type of energy that oscillates side to side and is coupled with electric and magnetic fields that travel freely through space --composed of photons or particles of light which are sometimes referred to as packets of energy -- photons like all particles have properties of waves ...
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...PREFACE Adam Jefferson, a divine manifest of Adam Smith's materialism and Thomas Jefferson's idealism, is our troubled modern day hero. He awoke in the middle of his life - broke and lost. A serial entrepreneur, his life was a never-ending quest for material success. At age 38, as Joseph Campbell forewarned humanity, Adam had "climbed the ladder of success, only to realize it was propped up against the wrong wall." Alone, with nothing else to lose, Adam Jefferson climbed down off of the ladder and searched for the wall of his future. This led him on a 100-day odyssey to start the ascent of his new life, an epic journey which called him across the world discussing today's challenges and opportunities with the great minds of our past - Carl Jung, Mary Parker-Follett, Martin Luther King, Jr., Mohandas Gandhi, Albert Einstein, and many others. An act of their collective genius and magical combustion, a psychological and sociological theory for sustainability and success was formed. Like all heroic quests, Adam ended where he had begun. Prior to his expedition, Adam had an unforgettable encounter with one of the great minds of the 20th century. One freezing, early morning on January 17, 2009, Adam Jefferson met the famed Harvard psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg in Cambridge, Massachusetts. They walked the beach in Winthrop for hours, discussing morality and the questions one ponders in the solitude of despair. They exchange woes - "You tell me yours, and I will tell you mine."...
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...P3 – Describe the operation and an application of a solar power source. A solar cell also known as photoelectric cell, is a device that alters light energy into electrical energy. One solar cell creates a really small amount of energy (around about 0.6 volts DC) so they are normally placed alongside each other inside an integrated electrical panel known as a solar panel. We are not completely aware of how sunlight is fully converted into electricity and thus we can only convert a small part of the light energy to electrical energy. The current generation of solar cells convert only a small percentage (12 to 15%) of the light energy from the sun into electrical energy which we can use. A solar cell is based upon the “photo-electric effect” which...
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...VOICE OF HEALTH Healer.A.Umar Farook, M.Acu., D.Ed (Acu) English Translation: Healer.R.Gnanamurthy, M.Acu., D.Ed (Acu) Edited by: Malarvizhi VOICE OF HEALTH Healer.A.Umar Farook, M.Acu., D.Ed (Acu) First Published : November, 2010 Published by Indian Universities Press 421, Anna Salai, im print of Bharathi Puthagakalayam Teynampet, Chennai - 600 018 Email: thamizhbooks@gmail.com www.thamizhbooks.com Ph: 044-24332424, 24332924, 24339024 Rs.100/\ print: Jothi Enterprices, Chennai -5 Thanks to ACUPUNCTURE HEALERS ORGANISATION Hr.Bose.K.Mohamed Meera Hr.Magi Ramalingam Hr.P.V.Devarajan Hr.M.J.Pandian Hr.P.M.Umar Farook CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Learning Language Health is Strength Immunity is Life Eat Hunger Fate Prevails! One plus One is not Two Creating and Protecting Disease an Imagination Diseases of Exact Science 5 7 9 12 14 16 19 22 25 27 30 34 40 44 52 56 60 68 77 10. Quietness is Pleasantness! 11. Waste stagnation causes Death! 12. Action and Reaction 13. Reason behind Stories 14. Shining and the Sign! 15. Elixir is Venom 16. Thirst - Hunger as per requirement! 17. Milk - is it Food? 18. Poison-less Food 19. Love Nature! Come back to Nature 1 Learning Language E veryone has their own language. Expressing our needs, sharing our feelings – it is through language that we create our relationships with others. Language is a necessary communication tool for people. Beyond our mother tongue, we learn languages of neighboring...
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...Khalan King Professor Tate English 20 10/12/2012 No Impact Man Today environmentalists have been looking for new ways to live sustainably that would help people be more eco-friendly and help our planet. In Colin Beavan’s No Impact Man, Beavan and his family take on a year-long project to prove that one can live comfortably while being carbon-neutral and experience positive aspects of life. Beavan’s motivations for the project including guilt, health, and family, fueled his desire to change the world as a whole at the beginning of the project, but near the end of the project her realized he should first start small by changing himself individually and the community around him to be more eco-friendly. Wasting energy, creating trash, and contributing to the negative effects of environment gave Beavan a sense of “guilt” about the way he was living his life. In No Impact Man, Beavan states, “the paper towel represented his throwaway lifestyle. It represented the fact that we are trashing the planets resources for conveniences that turn out not to be that convenient (49).” During the Project he and his family found sustainable ways to overcome some of these conveniences by reusing items such as jars and handkerchiefs. Many of these conveniences that Beavan had given up were not easy for him due to his obsession with the incidentals of life before the No Impact Man project, but the desire to change his life due to guilt had pushed him to continue. Near the end of the project...
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...the organization. You are aware that we have implemented many strategic decisions including change of name from ABC Pvt. Ltd. to XYZ Pvt Ltd. The new identity is of a global professional organization in the area of Energy and Environment Conservation. The company has set challenging targets for itself for the years to come. In the coming year, we have plans to achieve revenue of 200 crores and our manpower strength will grow from 300 to 350 employees. This can be achieved by each one of us achieving our targets through committed and focused efforts. We need to raise our own bars of performance. In line with our goals, we have revised our Vision and Mission statements as mentioned below. Vision “To be among the global leaders in the conservation of Energy and the Environment" Mission "· To help our customers improve their performance by reducing their energy costs and to build a company of energetic, dynamic and exceptionally focused professionals.” There are a number of HR initiatives that we took up to ensure that the HR practices followed by us are in line with the global organizations and best in class for our type of industry. These were done by Consultants of repute with inputs provided by us. The grade structure has been made simpler and entry points defined. All the employees have been fitted into the new grade structure based on their experience and role in the organization. This has been done after a series of discussions with the consultants and...
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...and the Govt. of Orissa helped to implement the project expeditiously within the budgeted cost of Rs.2408 crore, under very difficult logistics of project management. Different segments of NALCO went into production in a phased manner starting from November 1985. Within a short span of time, the Company has emerged as a leader in the field of Aluminium production in the country and also has made significant impact abroad. The Company has helped the country to make a quantum jump in production of Aluminium and has also been earning substantial foreign exchange through creditable export performances year after year. VISION To be reputed global company in the metals and energy sectors. And wants to involve himself in a challenging...
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...Chapter 2 ENERGY CONVERSION AND GENERAL ENERGY ANALYSIS W hether we realize it or not, energy is an important part of most aspects of daily life. The quality of life, and even its sustenance, depends on the availability of energy. Therefore, it is important to have a good understanding of the sources of energy, the conversion of energy from one form to another, and the ramifications of these conversions. Energy exists in numerous forms such as thermal, mechanical, electric, chemical, and nuclear. Even mass can be considered a form of energy. Energy can be transferred to or from a closed system (a fixed mass) in two distinct forms: heat and work. For control volumes, energy can also be transferred by mass flow. An energy transfer to or from a closed system is heat if it is caused by a temperature difference. Otherwise it is work, and it is caused by a force acting through a distance. We start this chapter with a discussion of various forms of energy and energy transfer by heat. We then introduce various forms of work and discuss energy transfer by work. We continue with developing a general intuitive expression for the first law of thermodynamics, also known as the conservation of energy principle, which is one of the most fundamental principles in nature, and we then demonstrate its use. Finally, we discuss the efficiencies of some familiar energy conversion processes, and examine the impact on energy conversion on the environment. Detailed treatments...
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