... A.P US History Court Cases I. Marbury v. Madison a) Issue: i) Judicial v. Executive and Congressional Power ii) Judicial review/separation of powers b) Background: i) 1803 ii) In his last few hours in office, President John Adams made a series of “midnight appointments” to fill as many government posts as possible with Federalists. One of these appointments was William Marbury as a federal justice of the peace. However, Thomas Jefferson took over as President before the appointment was officially given to Marbury. Jefferson, a Republican, instructed Secretary of State James Madison to not deliver the appointment. Marbury sued Madison to get the appointment he felt he deserved. He asked the Court to issue a writ of mandamus, requiring Madison to deliver the appointment. The Judiciary Act, passed by Congress in 1789, permitted the Supreme Court of the United States to issue such a writ iii) Supreme Court must decide constitutionality of Judiciary Act c) Decision: i) John Marshall declares Judiciary Act unconstitutional ii) The Supreme Court has the right of judiciary review d) Significance: i) Impact of Marshall Court ii) Strengthened the judiciary in relation to other branches of government iii) Allows Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution and declare laws unconstitutional II. McCulloch v. Maryland a) Issue: i) Supremacy v. State Rights ii) Elastic Clause iii)...
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...Chapter Study Questions Exam Five 2305 (Chapters 4, 5, and 9) The Enduring Democracy Third Edition, 2013-2014, Dautrich and Yalof, Cengage Publishing. Be sure to skip a line between the question and the answer and skip another line before the next question. Chapter Four: Civil Liberties 1. What are civil liberties and when did individual rights recognized by government first appear in a legal charter? What charter? 73 - Those specific individual rights that are guaranteed by the Constitution and cannot be denied to citizens by government. Most of these rights are in the first 10 amendments to the Constitution, known as the Bill of Rights. The original English legal charter, the Magna Carta of 1215. 2. How are civil liberties different from civil rights? 73 - Civil liberties may be distinguished from civil rights (sometimes called equal rights), which refer to rights that members of various groups (racial, ethnic, sexual, and so on) have to equal treatment by government under the law and equal access to society’s opportunities. 3. What were the Alien and Sedition Acts and were editors if newspapers actually jailed? 74 - Alien Act, which authorized the president to deport from the United States all aliens suspected of “treasonable or secret” inclinations; the Alien Enemies Act, which allowed the president during wartime to arrest aliens subject to an enemy power; and the Sedition Act, which criminalized the publication of materials that brought the U.S. government...
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...F ROM Y E STE RDAY TO THE FUTUR E True to our commitment to continuously provide excellent service and compelling value propositions to our customers, we at Pos Malaysia are going through rapid changes. We are realigning our priorities, focusing our efforts on improving our operations and becoming more customer-oriented than ever. We believe that the strategic transformation we manage today, is not only for us to become relevant and sustainable tomorrow, but most importantly it will deliver superior shareholder value to you. As always. Profitability Profit before tax Operating margin EBITDA margin Return on assets Return on equity Balance Sheet Total assets Total equity attributable to equity holders of the company Current ratio Staff Information No. of staff Staff costs to revenue Revenue per employee % RM’000 RM million RM million times RM million % % % % 2010 99.1 10.4 16.0 8.0 8.1 2009 109.3 9.1 14.5 5.9 9.6 2008 (0.5) 9.4 13.7 6.2 (4.4) 2007 15.5 11.8 16.9 7.9 (3.9) 2006 155.9 13.2 18.0 8.1 11.5 1,375.2 828.6 1.4 1,274.6 799.6 1.2 1,537.8 764.5 1.1 1,247.1 859.4 1.3 1,326.0 938.0 2.2 15,618 55.1 65.0 15,780 56.8 57.2 16,125 55.7 57.2 15,777 53.1 54.5 15,425 52.2 53.2 2 Pos Malaysia Annual Report 2010 Group Financial Highlights Pos Malaysia Annual Report 2010 3 4 Pos Malaysia Annual Report 2010 Business Highlights BUSINESS REVIEW • Revenue : RM624.3 million (up 17.0%) 2010 ACCOMPLISHMENTS ...
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