...Question: (i.) Critically evaluate the classical theory of organization and management in the light of contemporary business environmental changes facing managers in Nigeria (ii.) How did the neoclassical and contingency theories improve on the imperations of the classical approach? (i.) Critically evaluate the classical theory of organization and management in the light of contemporary business environmental changes facing managers in Nigeria Classical organization theories (Taylor, 1947; Weber, 1947; Fayol, 1949) deal with the formal organization and concepts to increase management efficiency. Taylor presented scientific management concepts, Weber gave the bureaucratic approach, and Fayol developed the administrative theory of the organization. They all contributed significantly to the development of classical organization theory. Taylor's scientific management approach The scientific management approach developed by Taylor is based on the concept of planning of work to achieve efficiency, standardization, specialization and simplification. Acknowledging that the approach to increased productivity was through mutual trust between management and workers, Taylor suggested that, to increase this level of trust, • the advantages of productivity improvement should go to workers, • physical stress and anxiety should be eliminated as ...
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...Rhode Island is a state in the New England region of the United States. Rhode Island is the smallest in the area, the eighth least populous, but the second most densely populated of the 50 US states behind New Jersey. Rhode Island is bordered by Connecticut to the west and Massachusetts to the north and east, and it shares a water boundary with New York's Long Island to the southwest. Rhode Island was the first of the 13 original colonies to declare independence from British rule, declaring itself independent on May 4, 1776, two months before any other colony. The State was also the last of the thirteen original colonies to ratify the United States Constitution. Rhode Island's official nickname is "The Ocean State", a reference to the State's geography, since Rhode Island has several large bays and inlets that amount to about 14% of its total area. Its land area is 1,045 square miles but its total area is significantly larger. The capital of Rhode Island is Providence, which is the largest city with an estimated population as of 2012 of 1,050,292 people. The flag of the state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations is white and consists of a gold anchor in the center (a symbol for hope) surrounded by thirteen gold stars (for the original 13 colonies and Rhode Island's status as the 13th state to ratify the Constitution). A blue ribbon below the anchor bears the state's motto in gold: "HOPE." The flag is frequently depicted with golden fringe around the edges of the flag. Rhode...
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...Behind the visible act of making a purchase lies a decision process that represents a chain reaction that starts with a realized need. However, it’s also important to point out that the consumption process is not as simple as an individual having the need or want for a product. The consumer can be motivated by the desire to feel a certain way. For example, my most recent purchase was a winter coat. After the arctic temperatures we had in the Western New York area over the last few days, I decided it was time to invest in a nice warm winter jacket. I first started to look online then I visited a few stores but I didn’t find anything I really liked. If the consumption process was as simple as finding a product that meets my need, any warm winter jacket would have satisfied my need. Nevertheless, there I was walking around at Macy’s, I didn’t have anything particular in mind, I was simply looking around. Suddenly, on a mannequin, I see a beautiful grey button up hooded jacket with white fur trim around the hood. The lining was this stunning soft pink. When I looked through the racks, as you can imagine, I was delighted to see they had my size. The price didn’t even matter. I didn’t simply need a jacket anymore, I wanted that jacket. The main psychological process influencing my purchase was my concept of self. Because a jacket is something that I am going to wear every day during the winter season, it became part of my extended...
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...nursing home administrator is ultimately responsible for the health and well-being of the facility they are in charge of. Even though a nursing home administrator can delegate certain daily activities, they are in charge of the quality of the care at the facility, making sure the facility complies with state and federal regulations, and budgeting considerations among other things. Since a nursing home facility never closes, the hours a nursing home administrator keeps can be long. Some days there may be an after hours crisis that needs attending to. There are many requirements of becoming a nursing home administrator, which the State of New York requires. Using the eight stages for successful change by John P. Kotter, you will be able to see how someone can go from an Accounting Clerk to an Administrator of a Nursing Home in New York State. There is an increased urgency of nursing home administrators because the demand for nursing homes are increasing as the baby boomer generation is getting older and the need for long-term care is growing. The Accounting Clerk’s increase for urgency...
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...Cover Letter: Before & After “Before” Letter Jane Doe 123 Apple Way New York, NY 10000 October 23, 2011 Acme Corporation 100 Main Street New York, NY 10000 RE: Marketing Manager Position Weak, qualifying language. Dear Hiring Manager: After reading the job description for the Marketing Manager position at Acme, I believe I would be a great fit in this role. I currently work in an environmental 501(c) communicating sustainability messages to corporations, non-profits, and government agencies. I have partnered with a diverse group of companies educating students, supply chains, and corporate staff on relevant sustainability issues. This organization has reinforced my understanding about the amount of positive influence corporations can have. I would like to work for a firm motivated by operationalizing sustainability principles with the reputation and audience to do so. I believe I have all the attributes and characteristics to be a successful Marketing Manager at Acme. I am extremely organized in all aspects of my work both critically and logistically. I excel at planning long-term projects through my detail-oriented plans that are efficient in their use of resources and flexible in accommodating unforeseen variables. I believe this is the fundamental foundation to be an outstanding Marketing Manager. These characteristics intertwined with teamwork, passion, and drive equate to successful sustainability results. I hope to be part of Acme’s strong...
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...Positioning and Differentiation Vanessa Dumas HCS/539 May 14, 2012 Tina Folk-Comartie Positioning and Differentiation Positioning and differentiation in health care is two health care facilities not far from the same location. Catskills Regional Hospital and Orange County Regional Hospital are situated 30 miles from each other. These two facilities are both in the state of New York Hudson Valley Region. These two hospitals focus on catering to the same clientele. The paper will reflex the differences and similar attributes. The facilities cater to geriatrics, gynecological, rehabilitation centers, and other similarities. Positioning and differentiation is Orange County Regional competitive strategy advantages over Sullivan County Regional. Discipline of the Organization Planning a health care system positioning and differentiation paper will have a excellent plan and tactic position. Marketing at a hospital and it brand name is vital to success in profitability. Catskill Regional Hospital and Orange County Community General both have well known toes to the community in Sullivan and Orange Counties. The paper will discuss some of the different strategies both organization uses to convince the community of excellence in health care services, and products. Both facilities have undergone a huge transformation to enhance marketing to produce profitability. Both organizations have a unique clientele attraction. The hospital’s has distinguished the market...
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...Director of Risk Management- Felicia Larue, CEO for Little Falls Hospital Has brought the Case of Lydia Bevins to my attention to assess and ensure the rights of the patients and the risks that may be associated with Little Falls Hospital are minimal. Lydia Bevin is a 45 –year-old woman, has been on a ventilator for respiratory assistance for over six months because of an automobile accident. Lydia Bevins is paralyzed and is only able to communicate through head nods. It is uncertain as to whether Lydia Bevin is able and capable of making healthcare decisions on her own. She is married to Harry Bevins for four years. Mr. Bevins requested that the life sustain support keeping Lydia alive to be withdrawn. The Health Care Proxy Law of New York states that Harry Bevins has the “legal right to make decisions on behalf of his wife, since he is her legal guardian and surrogate decision maker.” (Health Care Proxy, 2001). Mr. Bevins states that his decision is made because, he and his wife had discussed this prior to the accident and what she would want to happen. There is an advanced directive: however, Mr. Bevins does not know the whereabouts as Lydia has the advance d directives prior to their marriage. Eileen Redfield, Lydia’s mother wants to give her child every chance she can to live. She believes Lydia could have a chance at recovering from the accident. She thinks ending her life is not the answer. Mrs. Redfield stated that she consulted with a couple of other physicians in...
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...get the dimensions for a proper wheelbarrow was not surprisingly short on all kinds of necessary instrumentation.” (Morrison21) Conclusively, I wouldn’t say that canal building was “a systematic botching of a very simple process” as Morrison stated. Even though there were many issues cause by inexperienced men even after being given very specific instruction, the act of building a canal wasn’t simple. It was complicated and required much more than adequate work hands and they simply didn’t have all of those things. The fact that they were able to build canals at all is impressive given the state of engineering in the United states at that time. Reference: Morison, Elting E. From Know-How to Nowhere: the Development of American Technology. New American Library, 1977. ...
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...Long Island tourism has a fast-growing, new avenue for visitors in their elite wine country regions. Wineries in Long Island have been an unintentionally kept secret since their establishment in the early 1970s. After over forty years of growth in production and output, LI vineyards and wineries have gained a much deserved and hard-earned prestige among wine producers and connoisseurs. Respect among their winemaking brethren and a reputation for high quality has made LI wine on par with wine from Italy or France. Tourism for LI has been quick to catch on and embrace the industry to encourage visitors seeking a unique alternative to traditional vacation activities. A tour, tasting, or class at a local vineyard or winery can be an interesting way to change up a vacation. For more serious wine lovers, and other interested parties, some wineries and vineyards offer more in depth knowledge of their business and the secrets and...
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...making the news quite frequently in the past couple of months. There have been many terrible accidents that have taken the lives of innocent by standers due to elderly drivers making poor driving mistakes. Clearly something has to be done; I believe that Senior citizens should have to retake a road test yearly after the age of sixty. According to Channel 2 News of Western New York, “The driver who smashed through the front of an Amherst restaurant, claiming the lives of a husband and wife and injuring their son and a waitress, is now facing a traffic charge.” The story goes on to say that a 74 year old, Beverly Kasmore-Torbert with her husband in the passenger seat, jumped a curb and went through the window of the restaurant.(As seen in Figure 1) The vehicle struck a mother and father, Joseph Bennett and Kathyrn Bennett who died from their injuries. Also injured in the crash was a waitress and Matthew Bennett, son of Joseph and Kathryn. Beverly and her passenger were unharmed in the accident. I find it unjust that someone who is unfit to drive and causes this much harm because of a rookie mistake, mistaking a gas petal or the brake can walk away with a simple traffic violation while a son goes home with no mother or father. I would like to propose a law that would have senior citizens in America retake their road test every year. At the age of 60, an elderly person’s license will expire and they will have to take a road test covering the basics in driving like new drivers do...
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...Sample 2: Application Letter for Teaching Position (Full Block Format) Dr. John M. Miller, Superintendent Harrison School District 200 Mill Stream Road Harrison, NY 12345 Dear Dr. Miller: Please consider this my application for an elementary school teaching position in the Harrison School District. As my resume reveals, I will graduate from Manhattan College in May with a BS degree in Education and a concentration in Psychology. In addition, I am in the process of obtaining my New York State certification, which I expect to receive in May. My student teacher experiences afforded me the opportunity to assume all the responsibilities of an elementary teacher at multiple grade levels. My student teaching experience includes several urban settings with diverse student populations. I have also worked successfully with students with various disabilities. Furthermore, with a strong background in psychology, I bring a true understanding of the many factors affecting the education of children. I feel confident and qualified to take on the challenges that teaching offers. I am eager to demonstrate my talent and teaching skills within a school district that is committed to high standards in the education of children. I look forward to an opportunity to meet with you and further discuss my qualifications. In the meantime, should you need to reach me, please feel free to call me at 914-779-2050. If I am not in, please leave a message on my answering machine and I will return your call within...
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...Department of Finance 515 North Avenue New Rochelle, NY 10801 Howard Rattner Commissioner Tel (914) 654-2063 Fax (914) 654-2344 Writer’s Tel (914) 654-2353 Mark Zulli Deputy Commissioner City of New Rochelle New York REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL Specification No. 4731 CONSULTING SERVICES for DESIGN, ENGINEERING, PERMITTING and CONSTRUCTION COORDINATION of the CITY (FLOWERS) PARK ATHLETIC COMPLEX 1) INTENT The City of New Rochelle is soliciting proposals from qualified firms to provide consulting and engineering design services for the renovations and expansion of facilities located at the City (Flowers) Park athletic complex, located on Fifth Avenue, New Rochelle, NY. 2) PROPOSAL DUE DATE Proposals will be accepted up until 3:00 pm on December 12, 2007 in the Purchasing Office, City of New Rochelle, City Hall, 515 North Avenue, New Rochelle, New York 10801 and should be mailed to the attention of Mark Zulli, Deputy Finance Commissioner. Please include “RFP-NR-4731” on the outside mailing label of your response package. 3) OVERVIEW The project goals include the renovation/replacement, relocation, construction and expansion of five athletic fields within an existing athletic complex. The major change will be the relocation of the current 90’ baseball field, focusing on improved orientation with the creation of a regulation sized baseball stadium with lights, artificial turf, grandstands and a field house. Repositioning a lighted adult softball field to standard 300’ foul line dimensions...
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...Turkey, as a master yogurt maker. The seven then worked to make the perfect yogurt recipe for 18 months. The first “Greek Yogurt” was launched in 2007. Chobani started selling its yogurt to smaller stores in the New York area. In 2009, Chobani was signed on by BJ’s and Costco to sell their yogurt. The company has been growing every since. Today Chobani yogurt employs over 1,200 employees. Chobani uses the marketing model for selling their yogurt. They use no fancy models. They made up a recipe that consumer like. They went by consistency and taste for their yogurt. The containers are nothing fancy but it’s the product the people is interested in purchasing. The perfect recipe and the perfect 6 ounce size cups is what attract consumers. This year Chobani has come up with Chobani Champions. It is a smaller size and appeals to children. This is another marketing model. The cups are designed to attract the children and the flavors are what the children like. Running Header: CHOBANI YOGURT Chobani yogurt was a sponsor for the 2012 Olympics in London for the first time. According to Harris Interactive’s 2012 Harris Poll EquiTrend study, Chobani yogurt was rated one of the top yogurt brands. The factory in New Berlin, NY has approximately $1 billion in annual sales and it ships out 1.5 to 1.7 million cases of yogurt...
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...good. Western was a poor imitation of Jeremy Bentham's panopticon design (explained shortly), and Eastern better characterized the model as consisting of large cells that faced outside so each inmate would have a small amount of outdoor space or footage. Inmates could exercise in their own cells, have their meals delivered, and never come in contact with another inmate. If they wanted to plant a garden in their outdoor patio, they could. If they wanted to engage in handicraft activities, that was their labor. But, everyone had to do some labor (or have a hobby). Only two states mimicked the Pennsylvania system: New Jersey and Rhode Island. However, the Pennsylvania system was adopted wholeheartedly by many European countries. The second model was called the Auburn system. It was based on the idea of "congregate yet silent." It took its name from the New...
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...Date: October 13, 2012 Afriyie Fruster Director of Human Resource Development MDS Merchant Internship 151West 34th street New York, NY 10001 Dear Mrs. Fruster: I am Interested in applying for a Macy’s MDS Merchant internship with your company that I grew familiar with through the Macy’s/ Bloomingdale’s “Careers after College” website. I have attained various retail jobs and enjoyed the marketing aspects of each. One of my favorites was working at The Children’s Place in my town mall. This is where I acquired the most knowledge about retail marketing and visual planning which later influenced my decision to study business in college. Along with my recent jobs in retail, I am currently enrolled at the University of Johnson & Wales studying International Business with a focus on merchandising. With this major I am required to take various marketing, management and International business courses. I believe my experiences and classes will initially be necessary to obtain my career goals. If granted this Internship I strongly believe I will be a great asset to your program. This internship will prepare as well as provide me with the ideal opportunity to explore my intended major while assisting your organization to achieve set business goals, even possibly become a future employee. I will call next week to discuss if any internship openings are available. Meanwhile, please let me know if you have any questions. You can reach me by phone or e-mail at 860.961.2179 or...
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