...Available online http://www.universalresearchjournals.org/ujmbr Copyright © 2013 Transnational Research Journals Full Length Research Paper Accounting and reporting practices of NGOs- A case study Sanjib Kumar Pakira 1 and Amalendu Bhunia 2 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce , Maharaja Manindra Chandra College 2 Associate Professor, Department of Commerce , Kalyani University Accepted 26 June , 2013 The present study explores the accounting and reporting practices of NGOs in West Bengal, one of the important states of India in the eye of socio-economically deprived background for the period from 2000-01 and ending on 2009-10. NGOs in West Bengal played a major role in bringing a change in the lives of average poor rural society. Though, the vicinity wherever NGOs are not satisfactorily plasticized in terms of adoption of standard accounting practices, transparency and communication of their financial and social performance in the course of appropriate standardized reporting practices. Their failure on this front has bred a feeling of suspicion amongst the general public regarding utilization of funds and grants by NGOs. The results illustrate that meager number of the selected NGOs in West Bengal follow written in terms of automated, manual etc. accounting and reporting practices stringently. Keywords: NGOs, India, West Bengal, Accounting, Reporting, GAAP, Funds and Grants BACKGROUND AND ISSUES A Non-Government Organization is an organization...
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...Anh Ngo Mrs. Do English Shelter II, Block 4 24 October 2013 Symbol Symbol is something represent something else, mark, a person or an event. When the author of a poem write their work, their symbol gonna stand out, so the reader could easily feel sympathy with the author’s point of view. In real life, the way people making dialogue show their symbol (or culture), or people could easily label on the other people base on the skin color, the attitude,… In somehow, these 3 things are best present me and my culture : Ao Ba Ba, Hoi An’s Lantern, coconut. Ao Ba Ba is Vietnamese traditional clothes. It’s uselly attach to the image of countryside life, especially in the Southern Vietnam. This clothes structure are simple, as their meaning too, the top made by silk, button down and the pant also made by silk and wide a little at the end. Their will be a split on the side waist, and the 2 pockets is down in front of the belly part. The popularity of this clothes increased by their simple but still have the elegant look and versatility use. It is used by astounding population, where either it rural or urban are. Nowaday, this clothes has been modernize, not only the structure, color, material, but also the meaning of it. It have been consider as fashion too, with all the design. Just a normal simple meaning clothes, but could easily represent my culture. How wonderful ! At Hoi An, locate at the north of the country, there is a famous piece of artifact, name “ Hoi An Lantern”. Because...
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...experienced decades of religious persecution during French colonialism that continued with the Catholic government, which was backed by the United States (Toong, 2008). The demonstrations, protests and self-immolations that followed as a result of this religious persecution and the media coverage it generated encouraged the Kennedy administration to back a coup d’état against Ngo Dinh Diem, the leader of South Vietnam, which was a major turning point in the war. This paper will examine why the Buddhist crisis was a turning point in the Vietnam War, as well as why the events leading up to the Buddhist riots in 1963 were essential in preparing for the turning point and what subsequent events were dependent on the action of the turning point. Buddhists in South Vietnam began gaining the world’s attention for their plight of religious persecution through the distribution of literature, as well as through hunger strikes and peaceful demonstrations (Toong, 2008). As these demonstrations became more dramatic, including acts of self-immolation, public opinion around the world began to turn against Ngo Dinh Diem, the leader of South Vietnam as well as the United States’ role in backing such leadership. The subsequent handling of the Buddhist crisis by the Diem administration and the international media coverage that followed played a major role in the Kennedy administration’s decision to overthrow the Diem government, thus changing the course of the Vietnam War. For this reason...
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...The Vietnam War Elizabeth Guerra Chamberlain College of Nursing The Vietnam War had first started as a “police action” for the United States. In 1954, France had lost control of Korea and they signed an agreement with Vietnam called the Geneva Accord. The country was separated into North Vietnam and South Vietnam. The terms of the agreement stated that each side would not have a leader until 1956 when an election would be held to determine if they wanted the country to be unified. The United States was afraid that because North Vietnam was a pre dominantly communist country, that the spread of communism would flow to South Vietnam. In 1955, Unites States helped Ngo Dinh Diem win the presidential election. Early into his term, Ngo Dinh Diem claimed that North Vietnam, which was called the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, was attacking South Vietnam. In 1957, America began to give military aid to help South Vietnam stop the spread of communism. President Eisenhower started the ‘police action” and it continued through until after President Kennedy was assassinated. In August of 1964, the Democratic Republic of Vietnam attacked two American ships that were anchored in the gulf of Tonkin. The gulf of Tonkin was supposed to neutral waters. This gave President Johnson the ammunition he needed to use his Congressional resolution that gave him broad war powers. In 1964, the police actin ended and Johnson started to send troops to South Vietnam. Johnson wanted to fight this war...
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...writing. In fact, the three universities that I have attended in the past have all required me to use the APA style of writing. As I recall my high school years, the APA style of writing also seemed to be a favorite amongst my high school teachers. They all required that term papers be written in APA style as well. This type of writing actually does not differ much from the ones included in the text reading. The text mentioned the APA style of writing several times. In my opinion, it appears to be the most popular style of writing, especially amongst college students. Based on the results of the quizzes, my grammar skills were actually a little better than average. I actually had expected to do better, but I guess my grammar skills are not as good as I thought they were. In any event I feel very confident when it comes to spelling, as I have always been a great speller. Even in grade school, I was a good speller. I learned at a very young age to challenge myself when it comes to spelling. Challenging my-self in that area really paid off as I became older, as I’ve never had a problem with spelling. However, I feel that I need more help with run on sentences and with thought patterns. Though I proof read my paper several times, it’s hard for me to see that I have several run on sentences until after I get my grade back. In general, I feel that my writing is just mediocre. However, I also believe that when it comes to writing, I am my own worst critic. Reason being, I am never...
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...computer and communications equipment (owned by MIS) magnetic media (owned by Manager) power supplies and plant, such as air-conditioning units (owned by MIS) Software assets (owned by MIS) • • • • application software system software development tools utilities Information assets (owned by Manager or MIS) ‘Information’ means information held by the Company on its own behalf and that entrusted to it by others. The following are examples of the media which may contain or comprise information assets. • • • • • • • • • • databases and data files system documentation user manuals training material operational or support procedures continuity plans and fallback arrangements back-up media on-line magnetic media off-line magnetic media paper Services • • computing and communications services (owned by MIS) heating, lighting and power (owned by Manager or Building Services Manager) 1 17/01/03 First•Base Technologies Town Hall Chambers High Street Shoreham-by-Sea West Sussex BN43 5DD UK Tel: +44 (01273 454 525 Fax: +44 (0)1273 454 526 info@firstbase.co.uk Guidance on Information Classification Categories for classifying document security Category 1 : Routine (non-confidential) documents Description: All documents of a routine nature. Effects of disclosure: No measurable damage to the company or a department. Examples: Normal memos, routine reports, circulars. Estimated occurrence of this classification: More than 80% of all documents would be within this class...
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...TO: FROM: SUBJECT: DATE: CC: [CLICK HERE AND TYPE NAME] SAMUEL NEWMAN-BREMANG [CLICK HERE AND TYPE SUBJECT] OCTOBER 22, 2013 [CLICK HERE AND TYPE NAME] C R E A T I N G W A T E R M A R KS I N M I C R O S O F T W O R D [Note: Some steps may vary in Word 97. For additional help, search for “watermark” in the product help or on the Microsoft support site at http://support.microsoft.com.] A watermark is any text or graphic image (such as the “Draft” in the background of this document) that is printed to overlap existing text in a document. A logo printed lightly behind a letter or the word "Confidential" printed lightly on a contract are other examples of watermarks. The rotated “Draft” watermark on this page was created using the Word Art feature. You can insert pictures (such as a logo) from a file or using Clip Art. All three features can be found by clicking on Picture in the Insert menu. To view a watermark as it will appear on the printed page, click Print Layout on the View menu or click Print Preview on the File menu. The watermark will print on every page of this document, just like headers and footers. To edit the watermark or insert a new one, you need to click Header and Footer on the View menu. TO FORMAT A WORDART WATERMARK (LIKE THIS “DRAFT” EXAMPLE): Use the WordArt… command on the Format menu to choose your desired settings for your watermark. There are multiple tabs in that dialog. Use the “Colors and Lines” tab to set the color and transparency. (This “draft”...
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...How to Write a Good Academic Paper? That is a question which most students ask and most of them are new to academic writing. Academic writing if taken as a whole, then it would help you figure its significance and what is more important is, it would help you understand the purpose of it. Any good academic writer’s quality is his/her mind is loaded with creative set of ideas that help him navigate through the whole topic of academic paper. Ideas lead you to somewhere and only a few good students are gifted by nature and if you are not then you can also build up a good rhythm of academic writing. Secondly, you should also have a good sense of your audience; you should know what element of your academic writing would entice them and also create some space for your write-up for reading in their schedule. You then research for resources and data that would be of great use to enlighten your readers. Knowing what you audience wants, should be in your priority because readers enjoy what they seek in your writing. Usually what they look out for is something that could either bring them a smile or get them to think over the subject. Having creative ideas doesn’t guarantee a good and well-researched academic writing. You need to able to figure out ways of putting your research in a proper format so that readers don’t feel deviated from the focal point of your write-up. You should use your sources with proper attentiveness else it would completely ruin your efforts from top to bottom....
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...Hey Jessica, I’m glad your interested in attending the University of Phoenix let me tell you about some of the great resources that are available. First of all they have all kinds of hands on workshops that you can sign up for. They have ones for writing, math, computer skills, exam prep and plenty more. Some other resources are the Center for writing excellence and the Center for mathematics, there are grammar tutorials and plagiarism tutorials and a plagiarism checker as well to help make sure your papers have the proper grammar and the plagiarism checker reviews your paper and tells you how much similarities there is with your paper and other papers so you don’t accidentally plagiarize your paper. Riverpoint writer is a tool to help make sure you are citing your papers properly. In the center for mathematics center they have running start which gives you a review of math concepts to help you brush up on your skills, build math confidence gives you tips to deal with math anxiety it also has study tips, test tips, worksheets and videos. They also have live online math coaching which is only available two weeks before your math class starts through the end of your class. Hope reading about all these resources makes you want to come to the University even more. gotta go talk later. Hello Everyone, I want to review some of the great resources available here at the University of Phoenix. First off I want to go over the workshops that are available to you. There are all...
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...Joe Polce English 015 Mrs. Wickman How To Roll Your Own Cigarette Is anyone in your life a cigarette smoker? Do you often notice that they are always complaining about their ever-rising price? According to the U.S Census Bureau, out of the 6.7 billion people in the world, 2 billion are smokers of cigarettes or some other form of tobacco. Almost 75% of these 2 billion spend between $1000 - $1500 yearly on their favorite packs and cartons that they just cannot resist. We know its a habit, right? Its also an expensive habit. I am going to show you a quick and easy way to not only cut the cost of cigarettes in half, but also save you hundred of dollars. A select few smokers of the modern world have been fortunate enough to find the solution to the climbing prices of cigarettes. This solution is actually very simple. Why don’t we, instead of spending the $6 plus on an already produced pack of Marlboro Lights, make and produce our own pack of very similar cigarettes? Herein lies the solution; roll your own cigarettes. Most people shy away from such an idea claiming that they would never know where to start, or have no idea where they would buy the equipment, but on contrary the first steps to this new lifestyle are very easy, and the tools needed are readily available. The benefits of rolling your own cigarettes are numerous. First off, its inexpensive. GS Hammack, a man who writes for a website called AssociatedContact.com, said that “smokers that are looking for...
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...go fuck urself Paper is a thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon, drawing or for packaging. It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets. Paper is a versatile material with many uses. Whilst the most common is for writing and printing upon, it is also widely used as a packaging material, in many cleaning products, in a number of industrial and construction processes, and even as a food ingredient – particularly in Asian cultures. Contents [hide] 1 History 2 Papermaking 2.1 Chemical pulping 2.2 Mechanical pulping 2.3 Deinked pulp 2.4 Additives 2.5 Producing paper 2.6 Finishing 3 Applications 4 Types, thickness and weight 5 Paper stability 6 The future of paper 7 See also 8 References and notes 9 External links History Main article: History of paper Further information: Science and technology of the Han Dynasty and List of Chinese inventions Hemp wrapping paper, China, circa 100 BCE.The oldest known archeological fragments of paper date to 2nd century BC China. Papermaking is considered one of the Four Great Inventions of Ancient China, and the pulp papermaking process is ascribed to Cai Lun, a 2nd century AD Han court eunuch.[1] With paper an effective substitute for silk in many applications, China could export silk in greater quantity, contributing to a Golden Age. Paper spread from China through the Islamic...
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...Terrica Thomas Mr. David Makhanlall Eng 090 12-11-11 My journey as a writer is when I do my papers I have to make sure that I have the correct grammar and no misspelled words. Because when write you want to make sure that your papers flows and that you stay on topic. Because you as a writer wants the people to understand what they are reading. Because your paper have to have so meaning to it and it have to have some clarity to. When I revise my papers it make me look at the things I done wrong. Like when I have misspelled words I can correct them and when I have sentences that don’t make sense and I take the out. When I write I make the mistake of writing a lot of write on sentences. I have to make sure that I don’t do that anymore. I have to make sure that I don’t forget the punctuations because I have the habit of not putting them where they belong and stuff. When I was writing my paper on my mother I think that I did a good job but I think that I could have writing about her goals in life. What she has done with her life right now and what she wants to do right now. I could have talk a little more about what she has done for me when I was growing up. What she had to do to raise three girls on her own. The pattern of errors that I need to work on is run on sentences. Because when I write I can write a sentence that can go on and on forever without a period. A sentence fragment when I write I tend to write a sentence that don’t make any sense...
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...reading and writing various forms of academic discourse • To further an awareness of oneself and others through the exposure to, study of, and experiences with the written word Course Breakdown INTRODUCTION Introduction and Diagnostic Exam Grammar Review Elements of Style by Strunk and White RESEARCH Definition of Research Research Topic Problematique and Thesis Statement CRITICAL THINKING Understanding and Evaluating Data Introduction to Reaction Papers BASIC ELEMENTS OF WRITING Audience, Point of View, Levels of Language, Voice, Style Structure of the Essay Proofreading and Editing PRE-WRITING Ideas and Data-Gathering Sources and Kinds of Sources Introduction to Report Writing Organizing Ideas Introduction to Concept Papers TECHNIQUES IN WRITING Kinds of statements Making Assertions Art of Persuasion Documentation and Plagiarism Introduction to Position Papers Requirements: Report 15% Reaction Paper 15% Concept Paper 15% Position Paper 15% Research Paper 20% Research Journal (Blog) 10% Class Participation 10% House Rules: 1. English Only Policy will be observed inside the classroom during class time 2. 6 absences = a grade of 5...
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...opportunity; clear articulation; persuasive idea)? 2. What MARKET OR MARKETS does the business address? -> student? undergraduate? all students? WHAT KIND OF RECIPES, EASY? CHEAP? 3. WHY DO YOU BELIEVE THIS PRODUCT/SERVICE HAS AN ADVANTAGE in the marketplace relative to the market/consumer needs? --> convenient, easy to use, simple, accessible,cheap, .... Anything! 4. Evidence and reference to testimonials or CUSTOMER FEEDBACK? --> Use the results of your survey and show that people are very interested! 5. What’s the COMPETITION in the marketplace (brief appraisal of current market, product, and service offerings with a view to justify market possibilities)? 66> THE COOK BOOK paper one and online one, but you can say that most young people think that paper cook book seems old-fashion and rather prefer to check on the internet or phone, but it is more suitable to have your phone with you in the kitchen or if you suddenly decide to prepare something at someone else place rather than take your laptop with you n the kitchen 6. Who’s the TEAM that's going to make the business succeed? (drawing upon strengths of team; good distribution of work load, presentation time) --> what are the strenghts in your team? are you good in marketing, It, finance?? what distribution network/ channels are you gonna use to promote your product? 7. How would you realise the business opportunity in the first year (steps, stages, critical transition points)? 8. What’s...
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...some common mistakes made by students in research paper writing. Textbooks, internet, and correction given during class seminar presentation constituted the sources of information gathered. It was realized that in the effort to give the best in writing research papers, students unconsciously make mistakes in topic selection, objectives of research, writing format hypothesis or thesis statement, literature review, research methodology, paragraphing, use of tense in sentence construction, referencing and quoting to mention but a few. This writing also incorporated some tips in avoiding these mistakes mentioned and therefore concluded and recommended that The mistakes stated above should be avoided at all cost when writing research papers. They can contribute to low grades or disqualification of your project. Therefore, it is advisable that students seek for guidance from their instructors or professionals in research papers writing. INRODUCTION Research assignments give you an opportunity to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge learnt in class. In the effort to give the best in writing research papers, students unconsciously make mistakes. This article highlights common mistakes students make in research paper writing especially in their early days of undertaking...
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