...Issues and Problems Faced by Non Profit Organizations: Funding for Non Profit Organizations “Funding for Non-Profit Organizations” Introduction In general, non-profit organizations conduct business activities and actually raise revenues but their surplus funds are not distributed to owners or shareholders. They operate with the help of some staff who are, although paid salaries, do not earn as much as those who are employed in business corporations that operate for profit. There are also volunteers who provide manpower, skills and talents but are usually paid minimally or get no payment at all. As such, non-profit organizations are exempted from income and property taxation. While businesses and corporations are a source of funding, volunteerism renders the necessary fuel to keep non-profit organizations moving. By and large, non-profit organizations operate relying heavily on volunteer workers and generating funds through the assistance of business benefactors and foundations as well as through fund-raising activities. The number of people or staff that they maintain varies according to the size of the organization, but one thing that can be said about most of them is that they are generally understaffed primarily because of limited funds. DISCUSSION There are many existing international, national and local non-profit organizations. One common thread about them is that they exist for a cause, which...
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...Financial Management in Non-profit Organizations and How It Compares to For-Profits Organizations are usually classified as either non-profit or for-profit. Business corporations are organized for-profit. While non-profits usually include associations, charities, and other voluntary organizations formed to further cultural, educational, religious, or public service objectives. Non-profits and for-profits do have some things in common. Both types of organizations attract individuals focused on maximizing income, minimizing expenses, and reaching their goals. While there are many similarities, non-profits and for-profits have many differences. The most fundamental difference between nonprofit and for-profit organizations is the reason they exist. A non-profit organization exists to provide a particular service to a community, while a for-profit organization exists primarily to generate a profit for the company’s owners and shareholders. A non-profit organization channels all of their income into services and programs aimed at their mission compared to for-profit organizations that distribute profits between owners, employees, shareholders and the business itself (Bottiglieri, Conway, & Kroleski, 2011). Financial management for non-profit organizations is similar to for-profit organizations in many ways however key differences shift the focus of a nonprofit manager. These differences include organizational structure, ownership, distribution of profits, generating revenue and...
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... CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS SECTION III. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR REFERENCE SHEETS Component One: Management Standards Component Two: NPO Certification Component Three: Dissemination and Outreach ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS iii SECTION I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. BACKGROUND 1 B. USAID/Pakistan PRE-EXISTING SO 1 RESULTS FRAMEWORK 1 USAID/PAKISTAN IMCP RESULTS FRAMEWORK 3 B. LOGICAL CONSISTENCY OF THE RESULTS FRAMEWORK 5 C. CRITICAL ASSUMPTIONS 6 SECTION III. PERFORMANCE INDICATOR REFERENCE SHEETS 7 Component One: Management Standards 7 Objective 1: To strengthen and increase the competitive base of Pakistani non-profit non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that meet the management standards required for a USAID award. 7 Component TWO: NPO CERTIFICATION 127 Objective 2: To orient NGOs in meeting the requirements necessary for certification as a non-profit (NPO) by the Government of Pakistan or its Certification Agency or agencies. 1 Component THREE: DISSEMINATION AND OUTREACH 147 Objective 3: THE FINAL COMPONENT WILL WORK TO PROMOTE AWARENESS AND PROVIDE A DIRECTION FOR NGOs OUTSIDE OF THIS PROGRAMME AROUND MANAGEMENT AND CERTIFICATION PROGRAMME...
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...Establishing Not-For-Profit (501c(3)) Status Benefit the Marketability of an Organization? Abstract Every type of organization both small and large needs marketing to survive and continue in business. Even though marketing may not be the reason why an organization was established, it stands as the core of business behaviors. Any type of organization can become a not-for-profit organization, but why? Why compete with for-profit businesses or go through the hassle of becoming established with the IRS? Not-for-profit organizations continue to show growth in its market of the US economy, equaling or even rivaling with their for-profit counter parts. How Does Establishing Not-For-Profit (501c(3)) Status Benefit the Marketability of An Organization? A Review of the Literature Not-for-profit organizations (NPO’s) serve a very important role in society and thus, are often given a special status. The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is very selective when granting Section 501 status. Any organization can establish itself as a NPO, as long as it meets the metrics laid out by the IRS. The Section 501 status grants tax-exempt status within 24 different categories of organizations. (Andreasen & Kotler, 2008) 1. Are Not-For-Profit Organization Business Savvy? 2. What are the perceptions of Not-For-Profit Organizations? 3. How do Not-For-Profit’s differ from For-Profit Organizations? 4. Why become a Not-For-Profit Organization? This review of the literature...
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...Discussion on Strategies of Internal Leadership in Chinese Non-Profit Organizations(NPOs) By Larkisha Danish BUS 510 Grants Management and Proposal Strayer University Thousands Oaks Memphis, TN Wei Li,(2011). Discussion on Strategies of Internal Leadership in Chinese Non-Profit Organizations (NOPs). Asian Social Science, Vol 7, No. 12 December 2011 pg.201 The name of the article examined in this review is “Discussion on Strategies of Internal Leadership in Chinese Non-Profit Organizations”. This article discusses, to some extent, the strategies of Chinese non-profit organizations in three aspects: the attribute of Chinese non-profit organizations and definition to the research subject, inadaptation of the traditional organization and leadership style to internal leadership within the non-profit organizations, and discussion on internal leadership strategies in Chinese non-profit organization. The attribute of Chinese non-profit organizations and definition to the research subject. The author believe that the organization should include two areas of content. One, he states that the non-profit organizations should have some type of organizational and public benefit features. Two, he also stated that an organization must have a definite mission. Mission is the premise for non-profit organizations to survive and is also the internal support of their non-profit feature and basic source power for development of non-profit organizations(Wei Li, 2011). Inadaptation of the traditional...
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...Reduction of Workplace Stress by Promoting Interventions for Positive Professional Relationships Aminata Kamarah-Payne Tuesday, April 26, 2011 NPO 5080-01 Final Paper Dr. Christine Cugliari Introduction: The experience of workplace stress has been subject to a huge amount of research and interest. In American culture, it seems that stress is a regular part of everyday life. Emphasis is often put on getting many things done as quickly and efficiently as possible, even at the sacrifice of physical and emotional health. With the continuous introduction of new technology comes the expectation that projects should be completed even more quickly and more efficiently, and it seems that stress levels may only continue to increase, especially in the workplace. According to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) (1999, p.5), “Three-fourths of employees believe the worker has more on the job stress than generations ago.” Without taking note of stress levels and properly reducing unhealthy stress, America will continue to see a rise in related mental and physical illness. Perhaps it will become even more crucial to study stress, particularly in the workplace, and to identify proper interventions. This prospective is no different in the nonprofit sector. Nonprofit organizations play an important role in such diverse areas as arts and culture, sports and recreation, literacy and skills development programs, health services, religious activity, and...
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...infrastructures. The below review will attempt to review the role and challenges of a business or non-profit organization and the marketing strategies that would make any venture competitive. The role of a business or non-profit organization can be determined by the services it provides for its stakeholders. (Carroll and Buccholtcz, 2008.) The relationship between the government and businesses has changed significantly since World War II. The government has a regulative role in the life of businesses, while businesses communicate with the public through advertising and public relations. Globalization has created some new ground rules, and these are changing the role of businesses and non-profit organizations alike. (Norén, Göran, 2004) The role of businesses The basic role of a business originally is to develop and supply goods and services for customers. Profit oriented companies do this for a profit, while non-profit organizations choose to work for the benefit of the society. The profit generated by companies is the foundation of the society’s prosperity; therefore, it is a driving force. Governments depend on businesses, as one of the main sources of tax income, and the more profit businesses make, the higher the tax income would be for the government. Companies, however, benefit the society because they supply goods and services already in demand, create jobs, develop technology and design, and spread environmental practices. The better a profit or non-profit organization can build...
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...included in the FASB pronouncement Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 106 which covers 'Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions' which was released in the year 1990. Question 3) The cash basis method is used often by small businesses, including non-profits. Allowing the use of cash basis accounting for smaller businesses is more effective and preferable to accrual accounting. Any business with smaller and simpler transaction processes does not need a complex accounting system like accrual accounting. Question 4) Cash basis accounting is much easier to audit than accrual basis accounting because the audit trail is easier to verify and review for accuracy. Also, there are no adjusting entries to create and review. Question 5) Yes, the FARS suggests the existence of guidance that sponsors the idea that certain earnings may be accounted for on an accrual basis while the related income taxes are accounted for on a cash basis. For example, rental income received in advance may be accounted for under cash basis for tax purposes while the related income is accounted for under accrual basis for accounting income purposes. Question 6) Most not-for-profit organizations changed from a cash or “modified cash” basis to accrual accounting occurred in the 1960's according to FASB' Statement of Financial Accounting...
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...10 million solar light and power products in 62 countries. d.light’s dedication is to provide the most reliable, affordable, and accessible solar lighting and power systems for developing world, with a goal of reaching 100 million individuals by 2020 ("About Us," n.d.). For Profit or Non- Profit? “d.light is dedicated to providing distributed solar energy solutions for households and small businesses that transform the way people all over the world use and pay for energy ("About Us," n.d.).” The mission of d.light is mainly focusing on providing distributed solar energy to households and small businesses. Unlike missions of other organizations, d.light does not mention that one of its mission, nor its goal and vision, is to provide a return for its stakeholders. Therefore, based on what d.light is doing, it is reasonable to turn d.light into a non-profit organization. However, before making decision on which module to apply on d.light, the organization must understand the difference between for profit and non-profit organization. One of the largest differences is source of capital. The current situation for d.light is shortage on high liquidity assets, in other words, cash. A for profit company receives its capital from investors who often look for short term return, but it hardly fits d.light’s identity as a social enterprise. In addition, there are not many investors willing to invest a large...
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...Developing a non-profit organization is a challenging task. The process takes time and work whether it is starting a new organization from the bottom up, or developing a new non-profit department. Budget is a vital part of this process. Overestimations or minor mistakes in budget may cause long-term damage if the agency is not careful dealing with the financial management. Magnolia Case Study is a prime example of this. Even though the organizations reviews were strong and the organization received awards, a mistake in the budget caused the agency to go downhill unintentionally. Ultimately, I felt that the board should have reconsidered what Mary asked for. For the year Magnolia was awarded a grant that was not to extend past the year. The board should have examined the possible changes that may happen within a year. I felt like Mary asked for money that would not be needed for the following year and got a head of herself when she made her funding request. I understand that New York City needed an excess amount of help after the 9/11 terrorist attacks but requesting the money for the next year should have been considered a bit more carefully. Due to the organizational infrastructure possibly changing within the next year, a temporary grant should not be considered or budgeted as permanent funding. I felt that Magnolia was running smoothly and I would not have done anything different except the budgeting request. I would also have taken into consideration the hiring of extra...
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...the organization’s goals. Furthermore, after the society adopted the “Halogen Software’s eAppraisal System” they immediately saw results. More of the appraisals were completed and employees are more motivated than they were before. A performance appraisal is considered an evaluation that is recorded of an employee’s overall actions over a period of time. In other words, it is a report that a manager/supervisor should complete on how well employees fulfill their duties throughout the year. Furthermore, Non-profits need appraisal system as much as for profit organizations because it serves a vital pivotal role in the motivation of the employees. Additionally, even though non-profit organizations goals are not to maximize their profits, they still have goals to meet in order for them keep their customers and animals satisfied. Furthermore, organizations like the San Diego Zoological Society may need appraisal systems for the following reasons: * They provide reviews of an employee performance over a specific period of time. * They provide a structure where a manager can meet and discuss performance with an employee. * They allow a manager the opportunity to provide the employee with feedback about their performance and discuss how well the employee goals were...
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...A fairly thorough literature review has been undertaken concerning the topic of brand building for Not-For-Profit organisations. I am attempting to bring together a couple of principles which will explain our approach to the Pro Bono Campaign. PRINCIPLE ONE: BRAND IDEALS Ogilvy are proponents of the idea of Brand Ideals. Millward Brown, also part of WPP, have initiated a measurement tool for Brand Ideals which is said to the “the engine of business growth.” A Brand Ideal is defined as “a higher purpose of a brand or an organisation which goes beyond the product or service that they sell. The ideal is the brand’s inspirational reason for being. It explains why the brand exists and the impact it seeks to make in the world. A brand ideal actively aims to improve the quality of people’s lives.” Here is how the concept of brand ideals is applied in the For Profits sector: * Dove believes that the world would be better if women were allowed to feel good about themselves. * Fanta believes that the world would be a better place if we grew up less and played more. * Scrabble believes that the world would be a better place if we loved words more. * Adidas believes that the world would be better place if people went beyond their normal boundaries. * Coca-Cola believes that the world would be a better place if we saw the glass as half full – not half empty. PRINCIPLE TWO: APPLICATION OF BRANDING IN NON-PROFITS Several Universities, including Stanford and...
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...ACC460( Government and Non-Profit Accounting )Complete Class Click This Link to Get The Tutorial: http://www.myhomeworkspot.com/ACC455-Corporate-Taxation-Complete-Class-002.htm Week 1 Individual Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) and Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Analysis Paper Prepare a 350- to 700-word paper comparing and contrasting GASB and FASB accounting. Explain the objectives of the two standards boards and how they are similar and different. Describe how the modified accrual basis of accounting differs from full accrual accounting. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Discussion Questions DQ 1 Log into http://www.charitynavigator.org/. Choose a good charity and a bad charity and explain why you feel they should labeled good or bad. DQ 2 What is fund accounting? How does it compare to proprietary accounting? Why is fund accounting necessary? What are the major fund types? DQ 3 What are some examples of government and not-for-profit organizations? How do businesses measure success? How do government organizations measure success? DQ 4 What is the purpose of CAFR? What are the components of CAFR? Why is the Federal Government not subject to GASB 34? How do government-wide financial statements add information not available in fund financial statements? Week 2 Individual Ch. 1, 2, & 3 Textbook Exercises Resources: Ch. 1, 2, & 3 of Government and Not-for-Profit Accounting Prepare written...
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