...INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION Introduction Communication is the process of creating and sharing information with one another. Rapid changes in technology, transportation and immigration are making the world into a small-intersected community, where understanding how different cultures communicate is extremely important. In order to achieve effective intercultural communication we have to understand how different cultures communicate. Communication styles differ by how power is distributed within an organization. There are essentially two types: hierarchical, and democratic. In a hierarchical structure the most power is held by the highest ranking individual, where as in a democratic structure, power distribution is uniformed among the individuals. The classification of high-context versus low-context cultures based on the amount of information that is implied versus stated directly in a communication message. In high-context cultures, the meanings of the messages are found in the situation and in the relationships of the communicators, or are internalized in the communicator’s beliefs, values, and norms. In low-context cultures, less emphasis is placed on the context. Instead they rely on explicit verbal messages. Understanding these differences is essential to accurately decoding the message. Communication specialists estimate that three-fourths of our communication is nonverbal and takes place through our behavior. Nonverbal cues serve as the markers of ones’ identities...
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...Axia College Material Appendix C Cross-Cultural Communication Matrix Use the matrix to complete the country information. Write 3-4 sentences for each item. • Access the Business Around the World information by accessing http://www.mhhe.com/business/buscom/bcommonline/ • Select three regions of the world to research by clicking the map on the lower-left corner of the page. Select one country from each region you chose to research. Enter your final country selections into the matrix. The Web site provides you with a strong starting point. You may also want to perform a general Internet search to find additional information. • Include APA-formatted references on a separate page. The assignment is due in Week Three. |Cross-Cultural Communication | |Country |Preferred Communication Style |Nonverbal Communication Practices |Business Communication Norms |Strategies to Increase Cross-Cultural | | | | | |Communication | |Brazil |The official language of Brazil is |Brazilians will make assumptions about a |Brazilians do business with...
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...A Reflection on my Development of Non-verbal Communication and Empathy In this annotated bibliography, I summarized and critiqued three peer-reviewed articles. I also reflected on how these articles changed my view on how foundational registered nursing skills, such as non-verbal communication and empathy, develop. Chan, Z. Y. (2013). A qualitative study on non-verbal sensitivity in nursing students. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22, 1941-1950. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04324.x The author found that non-verbal skills, such as appropriate touch, facial expression, body positioning, and voice, improved patient outcomes (Chan, 2013). Chan (2013) used a qualitative research design with 16 nursing students from Hong Kong to determine how the...
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...the sports industry, and in the lives of our athletes families. Although we are very successful at our craft, why stop here? The world is bigger than the United States, and we believe Roundtable has the proper personnel, outside resources, and overall promising potential to begin representing international athletes in other basketball leagues outside of the NBA. As it stands now, Roundtable management does not represent any foreign players. If we want to be known as the greatest management firm in the industry, it is ideal that we begin the necessary steps to broadening our brand. NBA.com reports our league has the highest number of foreign players in the league, at 101 players1. The top countries with the most international players are Canada with twelve, which is followed by France’s ten, and lastly, Australia with eight1. These three countries are paving the way for young athletes to reach their athletic stardom. It is important to note that although a select few are chosen to play in the NBA, the talent pool surpasses more than these individuals. To make the proper transition, we must expand a country at a...
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...Microcultures in Canada A Comparative Approach Introduction Every society contains both a mainstream culture and many different subcultures. The mainstream culture is how one is identified as. However, microcultures consist of how we identify ourselves within the global mainstream culture. There are multitudes of ways to participate in a microculture. It could be along ethnic, religious lines, or even lifestyle. All these factors come into play with regards to the different aspects of microcultures. This paper will delve into all three types of microcultures; it will look at Vietnamese, Jewish, and Vegan cultures and compare them to mainstream Canadian culture. The subsequent comparative analysis aims at finding differences in an attempt to better understand and communicate more effectively, by clarifying the common misunderstandings that arise when communicating with different microcultures, whether in business or everyday life. Vietnamese Background/History/Evolution Representing one of the largest non-European sub-cultures in Canada, the Vietnamese community ranks 5th in terms of size and comprises just over 150,000 individuals. Concentrated in metropolitan areas, close to 60% of the population resides in Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver or Calgary (Statistics Canada see Appendix B). Despite currently being a sizable group, this sub-culture was virtually non-existent prior to the Vietnamese war that took place between 1964 and 1975. It wasn't until the conflict arose...
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...Dunbar, H. E., & Burgoon, N. K. (2005). Perceptions of power and interactional dominance in interpersonal relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 22(2), 207–233. Norah E. Dunbar, author of this article was born in Canada. She studied in the California State University and she is a professor of communication studies. She has shown interest in research related to communication and has published a few journals in this area such as, ‘Journal of Family Communication’ and ‘Journal of Communication’. Dunbar has great knowledge of communication and has written chapter on verbal and non-verbal communication in a few of her journals/articles. The second author in this article is Judee K. Burgoon. Burgoon is an American professor and her studies are mainly focused on family studies and human development, she is a professor of communication. She went to Lowa State University where she had received her bachelor’s degree for a major in Speech and English and a double minor in social studies and education. I am going to critique this journal and present my analytical thoughts and views on what the author and other researchers have said about the relationship between power and dominance in interpersonal relationships and whether or not individual has more power authority in the relationship or not. There were many theories in the introduction that showed a relationship between power and dominance in relationships/interpersonal relationships and there were also some...
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...to in Canada. One of the major differences is that Brazil is a collectivistic culture as measured on Hofstede’s Individualism Index, in contrast to Canada’s individualistic culture (Hofstede, 2014). Brazil’s collectivist nature will have many impacts on your daily interactions, including the Brazilian importance of family, which will often be place above work priorities (Training, 2012). Brazil is also different in its communication style, which tends to be more informal and indirect than Canada’s formal and direct style. Brazil is also considered a high-context culture, therefore it is important to pay attention to what is said, how it is said, and what is not said (Suderman, 2008). Another major aspect of Brazilian culture is the importance of building relationships before commencing business. Brazilians expect to get to know their business contacts through multiple meetings, in order to establish trust, and hopefully a friendship (DiPaolo, 2006). This process may take some time as it illustrates Brazil’s Polychronic orientation, which is more relaxed (slower) in nature and where the prevailing attitude is that “things will get done in their own time” (Suderman, 2008). Brazil is also very comfortable with inequality as evidenced by their high score on Hofstede’s Power Distance Index (Hofstede, 2014). As a manager in Brazil you will be expected to take absolute responsibility and to use an authoritarian style of leadership (Training, 2012). There are also non-verbal communication...
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...Business Communication Skills Q No – Case I 1. Comment on the appropriateness of the sender’s tone to a customer. Ans.: In this letter, the sender has used a harsh tone in its reply to the customer. Some of the languages are seems to be informal and old format. The sentences are needlessly expanded; which are not short and snappy. Theme of the letter is not concise or to the point. This is because, various expressions are found in this letter. Customer will really hesitate to think of it. 2. Point out the old – fashioned phrases and expressions. Ans.: Some of the old fashioned phrases and expression mentioned here are: i. We note what you say, ii. We have a right to expect, iii. Having regards to the many year, iv. The, generally speaking, v. As otherwise we shall have no alternative, vi. Place the matter in other hands. 2. Rewrite the reply according to the principles of effective writing in business. Ans.: Dear Sir, Thank you for your letter of 23rd, along with a cheque of Rs. 25,000 against your account. We really regret to know about your difficulties that you face while collecting the outstanding. Be patience, and also try to co-operate us along with. Meanwhile, your debit balance with us reached to Rs. 85,000/-. Please keep a track of continuing clearance of Rs. 10,000/- per month, which will be easier for you. In addition, you may purchase goods with direct cash payments to get an extra discount of 3%; which we offer to some...
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...The Mozambican Dinner Party The Canadian government is interested exploring and developing trade options with Mozambique and have invited a delegation of Mozambicans to visit Canada for a few days. The delegations consist of government officials and representatives from business in the areas of finance, tourism, and commodities. On the eve of the arrival the Canadian delegation hosts a dinner party to welcome the Moroccan delegation. The dinner was not a success. Both the Mozambicans and the Canadians remained relatively uneasy throughout the meal. During the dinner, no welcoming speeches or toasts to mutual health were made. At the end of the meal, the Mozambicans stood up, thanked the hosts, declined a ride back to their hotel, and left feeling slighted. The Canadians also felt upset. They found the departure of the Mozambicans to be very abrupt, yet they did not know what they had...
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...EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION | [Document subtitle] | What is organisational communication? Organisational communication is the consideration, analysis and criticism of the role of communication in organizational contexts. Being able to communicate efficiently and effectively is a major role played within organisations. Communication means imparting information and generally establishes interconnecting links between its components of addresser, mode of communication and addressee (Jakobson and Halle, 1975 as cited by Brown, A.M., Tower, G. & Taplin, R. 2005). Countless amounts of problems may arise from the lack of communication skills, this may not only affect employees but also the organisation itself. This essay will cover examples of effective and ineffective communication skills experienced in my life; it will also pinpoint and analyse where the communication took place and finally, indicate the rights and wrongs of each scenario. This process will demonstration ways in which appropriate communication skills may have helped the situations. For the first scenario, I was working in retail as an assistant manager, I was to present with my manager; at a board to the regional manager as well as a few members of upper management. We were to present on the sales of a certain product, project our own thought on how the selling of the product would go and then suggest different ways of improving the sales of the product. My manager and I had analysed the sales, had firm predictions...
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...Cross culture 1 Cross Cultural Communication Natalie Ramirez-Reeves Bus 285 Chris A. Marshall May 2, 2011 Cross Cultural Communication | Country | Preferred communication style | Non-verbal communication practices | Business communication norms | Strategies to increase cross-cultural communication | India 9 | Prefers to communicate face to face rather than the electronic forms of communication. Eye contact is important. | Any type of affection in public is not tolerated. Pointing fingers is disrespectful; usually means someone’s upset, touching means friendless, like a touch to the arm. | Having a title in business is very important. They know many languages. No is considered rude or harsh. | 1) Learn different languages 2) Learn about different cultures 3) Think before you speak 4) Work on body language 5) Use the Internet or ask individuals who may know the different social norms. 6) Avoid Acronyms 7) Improve reading and listening skills | Russia 6 | Conversation context is more important than giving information. Not much for using a lot of expressions. High context communication. | Firm handshakes are respectful. Giving thumbs up is a good gesture. Do not shake hands over a threshold. | Don’t take refusals lightly.If you speak load in public it is considered inconsiderate. Prefers intellectual conversations | | Canada 1 | Does not like to speak of personal lives with business partners or prospective. Rather speak verbally. Speak...
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...The Financial Analyst, Treasury Finance - Risk Management and Reporting, supports Manulife's Treasury Finance Risk Management and Reporting function and will contribute in the preparation of financial and management accounting reports, risk policies compliance, trading and hedging monitoring/reporting. The incumbent will support the review and analysis of Treasury Finance initiatives relating to FX hedging activities, assist in liquidity risk management analytics and actively participate in Treasury projects. The incumbent will be liaising with Treasury Capital Project Management, Corporate Actuarial, Corporate and Investment Controllers, Derivatives Middle Office, Asset Liability Management, Variable Annuity Hedging, Treasury Operations, Corporate Tax, Corporate Law, Investments and Audit. Responsibilities: • Responsible for data gathering, data mining to support liquidity risk management analytics, including liquidity sensitivity analysis, assessment of stress testing scenarios, impact of different asset mix on liquidity, evaluation of collateral funding alternatives • Determine the impact of regulatory reforms on the company's collateral obligations and liquidity (Dodd Frank Act) • Support monthly and quarterly reporting associated with the Liquidity Risk Management Policy and FX Risk Policy • Contribute in the preparation of cash flow forecasts and FX exposure forecasts • Support the maintenance of the FX VaR model and FX model back-testing ...
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...Business Communication Customs in Canada Presented to Professor D. A. Beaudoin, MBA Prepared by Claude D. Brooks February 14, 2007 Businesses, today, have gone global and many have formed multinational alliances. This globalization, along with technological advances, and the sheer number of companies dealing internationally has brought about a dramatic change in the way people from different cultural backgrounds interact. These cross cultural differences are most noticeable in areas such as in behavior, etiquette, norms, values, written expressions, oral communication, and non-verbal communication. If workers can understand their own culture, they are then better able to adapt to other cultures when communicating within them. Guffey states that another way to achieve intercultural proficiency is to recognize barriers and ways to overcome them (110). To effectively communicate across international borders, we must be sensitive to other cultures and avoid misunderstandings and contrary views resulting from the various intercultural differences (Guffey101). When communicating to international audiences, workers must also pay special attention to not only oral and written messages, but also nonverbal communication. Nonverbal behavior includes actions and behavior such as eye contact, facial expression, posture, gestures, and the use of time, space, and territory (113). As business communicators, it is...
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...Coral Nichols Liberty University Abstract Psychological abuse is a form of abuse that affects many woman across all cultures and ages. This form of abuse takes on at least two different forms: emotional and verbal abuse. These two types of abuse are not the same; however they often can be very closely compared. It is understood that if one of these forms of abuse is present then the other form of abuse is often present as well. One whom works in the helping profession needs to be able to define these types of abuse as well as be able to understand the effects of the abuse on the victim. One must also be able to understand a variety of treatment methods to be able to aid the client in the healing process. A Christian counselor must also be able to provide biblical insight in the situation for the client. Introduction Abuse against women happens in many forms; some people might considering one form of abuse more damaging than others. In order for one to have a basic concept of abuse it must be defined; Krishna, Prasanna, Sheikh & Dattatreya (2014), reports “mistreatment; harming or injuring another, abuse can be divided into two categories internal and external. The external abuse is the focus on this paper, it can be physical abuse, emotional abuse, verbal abuse or sexual abuse” (p.18). The basic understanding of abuse is that it produces a negative outcome for the victim. The most prevalent form of abuse towards women is domestic violence; it can be read about in newspapers...
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...WEEK SIX (6) ASSIGNMENT TITLE : MOTIVATION, STRESS AND COMMUNICATION. PROFESSOR : LAURA POLUKA COURSE TITLE : BUS 520 – LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR DATE : DECEMBER 05, 2012. 1. Create a brief job description for a position within the company you research that you would like to fill. PepsiCo is a company of my choice. Brand Pepsi is part of a portfolio of beverage brands that includes carbonated soft drinks, juices and juice drinks, ready-to-drink teas and coffee drinks, isotonic sports drinks, bottled water and enhanced water. Pepsi is a company full of strong and talented leadership, and it’s widely known for its family friendly work environment and senior leadership’s support for work life balance. This company is divided into four major sectors of the PepsiCo family: PepsiCo Americas Beverages, PepsiCo Americas Foods, PepsiCo Europe, PepsiCo Middle East and Africa. Pepsi Beverages Company (PBC) is PepsiCo's beverage manufacturing, sales and distribution operating unit in the United States, Canada and Mexico. Pepsi Beverages Company handles approximately 75 percent of PepsiCo's North America beverage volume, and produces some of the world's most widely recognized beverage brands like Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Sierra Mist, Gatorade, Lipton, and Amp Energy. Having worked as a Human Resource assistant in a busy organization has enabled me gain enormous experience in the Human Resource Management field, and moving to the next level is my goal. I would love to...
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