...Mythology is stated as an origin of a culture. Many ancient people used mythology such as the Greek, Norse and Japanese. The greeks and norse both had Hierarchies’ or a social order. Japanese had phenomena called Yokai that were classified as spirits , demons or even animals. Even though these mythologies are very different they also have many similarities that are important to understand and visualize The greek and norse are very similar in many ways. First of all the two mythologies have kings, the Norse being Odin while the greek being Zeus. they also both had a hierarchy that all the gods sat on. The lower gods had less power while the higher gods like Zeus have more power. The gods also controlled different sections of what they controlled,...
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...the world. Although these myths differ, they all share one same common theme – a story based on creation. Myths from the Roman/Greek and Nordic cultures are no different. Both of these cultures believed in some form of creation that defined and shaped their world through cosmic occurrences or natural phenomenon, while sharing similarities and differences in the creators of the worlds and the steps these worlds were created. Roman/Greek gods lived in various worlds. This mythological world was born out of emptiness, or Chaos. The gods themselves lived on Mount Olympus. Uranus, Father Sky, ruled over all worlds with Gaea, Mother Earth, by his side. Tartarus ruled the deepest part of the underworld. Their son, Cronus, and their grandson, Zeus, both take turns ruling over the worlds after Uranus. Two of Uranus and Gaea’s other children were gods of other worldly elements: Helios, god of sun; and Selene, god of Moon. Cronus and Rhea produced the second generation of gods who ruled over other elements, including: Zeus, lord of the sky and god of thunder; Poseidon, lord of the seas; and Hades, ruler of the underworld and lord of the dead. Individuals who believed in Roman/Greek mythology believed these gods shaped their world and ruled over the elements. A titan named Atlas was condemned by Zeus to hold up the sky forever (Rosenberg, 2006). Roman/Greek mythology discussed creation as three immortal beings, Gaea, Tartarus, and Eros emerging from an emptiness known as Chaos. Gaea...
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...Pan and Satan: Two Faces of Similarities When I heard the name of the great god Pan and the falling angel Satan, I always thought that they are the same sinful deity with different name. Seeing their illustration and images, it made me confused and I wondered, are they really the same deity? or Is one just the representation of the other? That is the question that always pops up in my head. Pan and Satan are not the same. In fact, their stories are very different from one another, but they are always being mistakenly recognized as the same deity who rules the underworld. Such a mention of the ancient Greek god, does not suggest that Pan is evil incarnated of Satan. However, there are many similarities between Pan and Satan, starting with the question of their divinity. Both have similarity in their characteristic as the deity, association with wild places and sexual desire, and horn-like appearance. There’s always a question in my head. Why people today mistakenly recognized Pan as Satan? Perhaps, the answer to this question is the similarity of their characteristics. Pan is a harmonic deity, and he doesn’t harm others, but Pan is amused seeing those fearful herds of goat and sheep into a sudden burst fear because of his unseen presence in the wild. Pan is most likely: ......well known: dark, terror-awakening, phallic, but not always malignant. He could, of course, sometimes be malignant, especially at noon, if he were awakened from his sleep. At night he led the...
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...Hrungnir” |REGION or CULTURE: Iceland, Norse | |What are the names of the places where people go when they die? |Valhalla, Nifleheim, and Hel, | |(All of the names of the places, not just one). | | |What are the characteristics of the different realms of the |Valhalla, is the hall of dead warriors legendary for their valor,| |afterlife? What form do people take when they go there? |Nifleheim, is the perpetually dark and frozen land of the dead, | | |and Hel, is the last step for those that did not die in battle, | | |but of disease and old age. In Valhalla the dead are dressed in | | |their fighting gear, Nifleheim, the people are frozen, and Hel, | | |the people are of skull and bones | |Who goes to which location and how do they get there? |Vikings go to Valhalla by dying a honorable death, The old and | | |disease go to Hel they get there by not fighting in battle | |Are there gods or supernatural beings in each of the locations...
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...A Perspective on Traditional Literature • Traditional literature can provide a window on cultural beliefs and on the spiritual and psychological qualities that are part of our human nature. The Origin of Folk Literature • Children sometimes identify these stories as “make-believe,” as contrasted with “true” or “stories that could really happen.” • The origin of the myths has fascinated and puzzled folklorists, anthropologists, and psychologists. • Folktales are also of special interest to scholars of narrative theory because of the way the tales are honed by many generations of telling; only the most important elements of the story survive. The Value of Folk Literature for Children • When Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm published the first volume of their Household Stories in 1812, they did not intend it for children. • Originally folklore was the literature of the people; stories were told to young and old alike. • Traditional literature is a rightful part of a child’s literature heritage and lays the groundwork for understanding all literature. Folktales • Folktales have been defined as “all forms of narrative, written or oral, which have come to be handed down through the years.” • Questions often arise about which of the available print versions of a tale is the “correct” or authentic text. Types of Folktales • There will be features of these stories that are unique to each culture...
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...divinities of the sky, ruler of all the gods, and so on. Identify the role in the title of your table. Select two myths, each from a different culture, in which the divine role appears. Identify the divinity names and cultures in columns A and B. Complete the table by answering each of the five questions for both selected divinities. |Title: |Column A |Column B | | |Divinity Name: Zeus |Divinity Name: Odin | | |Culture of Origin: Greece |Culture of Origin: Norse | |How is this divinity portrayed? Describe the |Zeus is the ruler of the Olympian gods and ruler|Odin is the ruler of all gods. He lives in| |divinity’s role within the myth. |of all men. Zeus is the god of justice and is |the underworld called Valhalla where half | | |very merciful. He protects the weak and |of all the dead warriors gather after | | |punishes the wicked and is married to Hera, the |death. Odin sits on his throne viewing the| | |goddess of the earth even though he is the god |entire world. Odin is the god of wisdom, | |...
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...The ecology on Pandora has formed electrochemical connections (network) between roots and effectively act as neurons, spanning the whole lunar surface as a “brain” that has achieved sentience. The Na’vi call this “bond” Eywa, it is their god-like being. The Na’vi and all the other Pandoran creatures can “connect” into this “bond” using their queue, they can attach their queue with any part of the ecosystem. This creates a neural-level connection between the organisms. The Na’vi call this unique bond “tsaheylu”. Just like many groups of people on Earth they worship this bond. In Greek mythology, they had a goddess, Gaia, who was the mother of all life, an Earth personification. The Romans also had a deity called Tellus Mater, or “mother Earth”. The Scandinavian people had a strong feeling of this as well, in Norse mythology Jörð was their goddess, encompassing everything as the personification of the Earth. In the Celtic religion, Danu was their mother of the Earth. When the Vikings voyaged to the “new world”, they settled as early as 1004 ad, and they brought with them their religion. It is believed that these settlers and the Asian settlers that migrated across the land bridge created their own religion. These people became known as Native Americans and they worship...
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...within. Competition has no racial or gender bias. Competition within has bene around for ages. Competition has shaped many cultures and is an important social building block. Competition is defined as “a contest for some prize, honor, or advantage.” There is no real historical background on competition as it is ingrained within our DNA the day we are born. We are taught at a young age to win, not lose. This is echoed within every culture and seems to be a main similarity within all cultures. Learning the word competition and how to “win” a young age is not always a good thing. Teaching children that winning is the only way is not as helpful to their future as parents may be lead to believe. Competition is prevalent in many situations from test taking to elections. A debatable quote that one may hear is “If you aren’t first, you are last.” Obviously, this isn’t the most accurate picture we should be painting about competition and teaching children but it is what it is and is throughout all cultures. One glaring similarity in regards to competition throughout several cultures is that parents want their children to succeed at any cost and to be the best at everything they do. What we are a culture are not realizing is that the high standards parents set on children at a young age hurts them more than helps. Competition is always going to play a factor in a person’s life ion one aspect or another. It is something we cannot run from. How a culture embraces competition is another thing...
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...Introduction. * Old English. 5- mid 12th centuries (1150). German tribes arrive to England (Angles, Saxons, Jutes). The Celts also influenced English language. Then Romans came. Influence of Latin. Full inflections, with four cases: Nom., Acc., Gen., Dat. * Middle English. 1150 - 1500. Battle of Hastings (1066). Death of Anglo - Saxons. Feudalism. Norman invasion. Three languages live together: English, French and Latin. In 1476 printing press is invented by William Caxton. Levelled inflections, full inflections gradually disappear. * Early Modern English (1476 - 1756). Renaissance. Lost inflections, only a few endings survive. The grammar becomes far simpler. Different spelling live together for the same word. There are no authoritative dictionaries or voices. * Late modern English (1756 - nowadays). First authoritative dictionary of the English language, by Samuel Johnson, which provided spellings, sounds and ethimology. It was decided not to establish an Academy of English. Importance of the English language. A language lives only when it is spoken by anyone. Its importance depends on the importance or influence of the people who speak it. English is spoken by 340 million people as a mother tongue. It is the language of Western languages. Political, economical and scientific reasons are related to the importance of a language. But English is also very broadly spoken as second language (communication, commerce). The growth of the Spanish language goes with...
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...Asia. It is a delicately scented, pretty, pale yellow flower with five petals. Primrose flowers in the early spring and is one of the first flowers to bloom; it grows in open woods and shaded hedgerows. Primrose symbolism – Although fairly similar, different cultures have their own symbolic meanings for the primrose plant. The Victorian interpretation of primrose was quite superstitious; like when bringing the primrose plant into your house if you have more or less than thirteen flowers it was believed to be bad luck. It was also a symbol for bashfulness, inconsistency, young love, neglected merit and also says I can’t live without you when given as a gift. Whereas in Norse folklore it was much more related to the gods, since it is the sacred flower of ‘Freya goddess of love’ and all that she enraptures, in Norse culture it also represents the woman and the petals on the blossom stood for various stages of life. Although those two cultures have their own specialized symbolic meaning for Primrose, the plant has some quite generalised meanings throughout lots of cultures such as love, patience, kindness, gentleness belonging and nurturing. Herbalism and medicinal uses – Primrose is a very versatile plant and is used not only as an ornamental flower but is also edible and has many medicinal uses. The leaves and flowers of...
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...The Gospel ACCORDING TO FEMIGOD He who has ears, let him hear The author and publisher have provided this e-book to you without Digital Rights Management software (DRM) applied so that you can enjoy reading it on your personal devices. THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO FEMIGOD Copyright © 2013 by Femigod Ltd. Published by Femigod Ltd. www.femigod.com Femigod® is a registered trademark of Femigod Ltd. ISBN: 9780992642600 For my darling sister, Pero. I love you dearly. No matter what you want, it’s yours. Beyond money and weapons. Contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 Book One: Understanding Mainstream and Organised Religion.............................................................. 5 Christianity ............................................................................................................................................ 6 Islam ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 Hinduism.............................................................................................................................................. 12 Buddhism ........................................................................................................................................... 155 Chinese traditional religions ...........
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...COLLAPSE HOW S O C I E T I E S CHOOSE TO FAIL OR S U C C E E D JARED DIAMOND VIK ING VIKING Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, U.S.A. Penguin Group (Canada), 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England Penguin Ireland, 25 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi—110 017, India Penguin Group (NZ), Cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads, Albany, Auckland 1310, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England First published in 2005 by Viking Penguin, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. 13579 10 8642 Copyright © Jared Diamond, 2005 All rights reserved Maps by Jeffrey L. Ward LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Diamond, Jared M. Collapse: how societies choose to fail or succeed/Jared Diamond. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-670-03337-5 1. Social history—Case studies. 2. Social change—Case studies. 3. Environmental policy— Case studies. I. Title. HN13. D5 2005 304.2'8—dc22...
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...A HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSE GUIDE Professor Michael D.C. Drout WHEATON COLLEGE A History of the English Language Professor Michael D.C. Drout Wheaton College Recorded Books™ is a trademark of Recorded Books, LLC. All rights reserved. A History of the English Language Professor Michael D.C. Drout Executive Producer John J. Alexander Executive Editor Donna F. Carnahan RECORDING Producer - David Markowitz Director - Matthew Cavnar COURSE GUIDE Editor - James Gallagher Design - Ed White Lecture content ©2006 by Michael D.C. Drout Course guide ©2006 by Recorded Books, LLC 72006 by Recorded Books, LLC Cover image: © PhotoDisc #UT088 ISBN: 978-1-4281-1730-3 All beliefs and opinions expressed in this audio/video program and accompanying course guide are those of the author and not of Recorded Books, LLC, or its employees. Course Syllabus A History of the English Language About Your Professor...................................................................................................4 Introduction Lecture 1 ...............................................................................................................5 The Foundations of Language: Brain, Development, Acquisition ......................................................................6 Signs and Meanings: Semantics .........................................................13 Sounds of Language: Phonetics..........................................................20 Sound...
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...Running head: Vietnamese and English idioms related to the word “Dog”: Vietnamese and English idioms related to the word “Dog”: A contrastive Analysis Student: Nguyen Le Hoang Yen Class: 4A08 Ho Chi Minh City University of Pedagogy Contrastive Analysis Instructor: Mr. Nguyen Ngoc Vu December 31, 2011 Abstract One problem which makes a lot of people have difficulty in communicating with one another is to use idiomatic expressions. As far as you know, idiomatic expressions make English become colorful and full of vitality, so they are often used very much in the native speakers’ speech and in the writing such as news, songs, movies, etc. on the television. However, these idioms are sometimes are not easy to understand and study their meanings, so I decide to study them by studying Vietnamese and English idioms containing the word ‘dog’ and one another reason for this topic to study is that I really like lovely dogs. In my studying this topic, there are two parts such as theoretical background and Vietnamese and English idioms related to the word ‘dog’ which is the main part of my topic. Theoretical background Idioms versus proverbs Idioms and proverbs are frequently used in the daily speech, so we can not find the differences between them clearly. However, we can distinguish idioms and proverbs by basing on some criteria. Idioms * It is a fixed group of words. e.g. the idiom ‘chó chui gầm chạn’ has the same meaning of the word ‘hèn hạ’ (disgraced)....
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...THE ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE This page intentionally left blank THE ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE SIXTH EDITION ± ± John Algeo ± ± ± ± ± Based on the original work of ± ± ± ± ± Thomas Pyles Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States The Origins and Development of the English Language: Sixth Edition John Algeo Publisher: Michael Rosenberg Development Editor: Joan Flaherty Assistant Editor: Megan Garvey Editorial Assistant: Rebekah Matthews Senior Media Editor: Cara Douglass-Graff Marketing Manager: Christina Shea Marketing Communications Manager: Beth Rodio Content Project Manager: Corinna Dibble Senior Art Director: Cate Rickard Barr Production Technology Analyst: Jamie MacLachlan Senior Print Buyer: Betsy Donaghey Rights Acquisitions Manager Text: Tim Sisler Production Service: Pre-Press PMG Rights Acquisitions Manager Image: Mandy Groszko Cover Designer: Susan Shapiro Cover Image: Kobal Collection Art Archive collection Dagli Orti Prayer with illuminated border, from c. 1480 Flemish manuscript Book of Hours of Philippe de Conrault, The Art Archive/ Bodleian Library Oxford © 2010, 2005 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including...
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