...WE USE THE PRESENT TENSE: 1. For repeated or regular actions in the present time period. ▪ I take the train to the office. ▪ The train to Berlin leaves every hour. ▪ John sleeps eight hours every night during the week. 2. For facts. ▪ The President of The USA lives in The White House. ▪ A dog has four legs. ▪ We come from Switzerland. 3. For habits. ▪ I get up early every day. ▪ Carol brushes her teeth twice a day. ▪ They travel to their country house every weekend. 4. For things that are always / generally true. ▪ It rains a lot in winter. ▪ The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace. ▪ They speak English at work. SubjectVerbThe Rest of the sentenceI / you / we / they speak / learn English at home he / she / it speaks / learns English at home The spelling for the verb in the third person differs depending on the ending of that verb: 1. For verbs that end in -O, -CH, -SH, -SS, -X, or -Z we add -ES in the third person. ▪ go – goes ▪ catch – catches ▪ wash – washes ▪ kiss – kisses ▪ fix – fixes ▪ buzz – buzzes 2. For verbs that end in a consonant + Y, we remove the Y and add -IES. ▪ marry – marries ▪ study – studies ▪ carry – carries ▪ worry – worries NOTE: For verbs that end in a vowel + Y, we just add -S. ▪ play – plays ▪ enjoy – enjoys ▪ say – says I / you / we / they speak /learn English at home he / she / it speaks / learns English at...
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...The Past is Always Present One theme constantly confronts the reader of Sherwood Anderson's Winesburg, Ohio: The past will constantly impose itself on the present. Many of the grotesques in the novel, such as Wing Biddlebaum, are living in self-imposed isolation because of something tragic that had occurred. In Wing's case the tragic past is raised any time he realizes that his hands are out of control. Two characters whose past play a key role in their unhappy present lives are Wash Williams and Elizabeth Willard. To understand the grotesque nature of their present lives, the reader is exposed to their past experiences. For both Elizabeth Willard and Wash Williams the past has had a powerful effect on their present, and their future seems based on the message they feel compelled to deliver to George Willard. Elizabeth Willard, mother of Winesburg, Ohio's central character George Willard, had watched helplessly as all of her girlhood dreams of adventure and freedom had died away, leaving only her hope and determination that George succeed where she had failed and escape Winesburg. In her youth Elizabeth had been a free spirit dreaming of traveling the world as a stage actress, and in the process gaining a reputation in Winesburg for spending her evenings with the men of the theatrical companies who stayed at her father's hotel. However as time passed, so did the notion of acting and Elizabeth began her search for love and marriage which lead her to...
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...Running head: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE Past, Present and Future Brandon M. Kilmade PSY 202 Professor Ramsey June 8, 2009 Past, Present and Future Things are finally starting to come together for me in my 35th year in this adventure called life. I have been through ups and some major downs in my lifetime and everything that I have experienced has had a part in why I am the way I am today. Little did I know that my past would have a great effect on my future, as well. I sit here today with a clear image of who I want to be and what it will take to uphold that image. I know where I want to be and how to get there, now I just need to let life take its course and wait. This is a journey of my life past, present and future. Growing up as the youngest child of three was quite an advantage for me. I got to see firsthand what not to do and who not to hang out with. This only helped me to be more aware and to be careful. Universal changes are common to every individual in a species and are linked to specific ages (Boyd & Bee, 2006). I was in class way before I ever stepped foot in a classroom. Life lessons I learned before my life had really begun. I came from a loving but dysfunctional family setting. I cannot really say that I had the best role models to look up to or follow. My parents split up when I was eight years old. My dad was a deadbeat and my Mother had to provide for us on her own. Needless to say her best was not enough and we still needed help to...
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...Perfect-English-Grammar.com Past Simple and Present Perfect Choose the past simple or the present perfect: 1. Last night I __________________ (lose) my keys – I had to call my flatmate to let me in. 2. I __________________ (lose) my keys – can you help me look for them? 3. I __________________ (visit) Paris three times. 4. Last year I __________________ (visit) Paris. 5. I __________________ (know) my great grandmother for a few years - she died when I was eight. 6. I __________________ (know) Julie for three years – we still meet once a month. 7. I __________________ (play) hockey since I was a child – I’m pretty good! 8. She __________________ (play) hockey at school, but she __________________ (not / like) it. 9. Sorry, I __________________ (miss) the bus, so I’m going to be late. 10. I __________________ (miss) the bus, and then I __________________ (miss) the aeroplane as well! 11. Last month I __________________ (go) to Scotland. 12. I’m sorry, John isn’t here now. He __________________ (go) to the shops. 13. We __________________ (finish) this room last week. 14. I __________________ (finish) my exams finally – I’m so happy! 15. Yesterday, I __________________ (go) to the library, the post office and the supermarket. 16. I __________________ (go) to the supermarket three times this week! 17. She __________________ (live) in London since 1994. 18. She __________________ (live) in London when she was a child. 19. I __________________ (drink) three cups of coffee this morning...
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...Leadership: Past, Present, Future There are three aspects of my life that are very important to me; the people I spend my time with, the books I read and what I spend my time thinking about. I deem these things important because they are where I find most of my inspiration. The concept of leadership is a very broad one, however, there is a subtle, yet very potent driving force, rooted in excellent leadership; that is inspiration. Inspiration propelled our leaders of the past, it is seen today and hopefully it will drive our leaders of tomorrow to greatness. When we think of the stories in history that really mattered, the ones that have stood the test of time, they are stories of great leaders who persevered through times of great turmoil and inspired the people around them to do the same. An excellent example is the case of Dr. Martin Luther King who spear-headed the civil rights movement. Even though the movement eventually claimed his life, his legacy lives on today through those who believe in what he fought for. My favorite author Paulo Coelho once said, “The world only gets better because people risk something to make it better.” When I put on the television, I see religious bombings in Nigeria, flooding in Bangkok, economic turmoil in Europe and it just seems like the world is in total chaos. Sometimes I get despaired because I wonder if anything I do will even make a difference. But then, I remember that what has got me this far in my life is the belief that...
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...Abstract The present paper examines how to ensure giving a good polished speech presentation. The study shows how to take a TUI university speech critique form, and use each topic: Introduction, Eye contact, Body Posture & Gestures, Voice, Organization, and Conclusion to give a well thought, organized and performed speech. How to Present a Polished Speech The introduction is the first thing your audience will hear. Many presentations fail in the opening sentences. Take the time to plan your words in the introduction and make it influential. The primary goal of a speech introduction is presenting an idea and your intentions. Make the audience want to hear the rest of your speech. (Peterson, 2005, p. 1) Botch the introduction as well as other fine points of your presentation and you chances of presenting a polished speech becomes much harder. To give a well polished speech I would first start off with an introduction, which will present the purpose of my speech. Then immediately catching the audience attention by giving them a reason to listen, should it be to save money, the subject is vital life/death, or they may need the information for their job. I will also establish my credibility in my introduction by letting the listeners know my credentials on the particular subject I’m speaking on which will also influence my audience’s attention. Though my introduction is key, nonverbal such as eye contact and body language play a huge...
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...My Past, Present, and Future PSY 202 My past was my future, and both were full of doubt and unwillingness to continue my education after I graduated from high school. After high school, three individuals impacted my life and changed my views on family, life, and education. Several years passed with me working a steady job until I found myself almost unemployed and needing the education I had not pursued. This resulted in my decision to join the Army to support my financial needs. I felt satisfied with my employment, until I decided to have a family of my own and with this expansion; I knew I had to further my education to meet the requirements to excel in my career. These life experiences changed my views on family, life, and education. Unfortunately, I was always unbalanced and unable to meet the educational needs that needed to be settled in my life. The three individuals that have influenced my life, and who have helped me become the person that I am today are my father, my uncle, and my wife. Their influence has greatly affected who I am and who I want to be. Urie Bronfenbrenner stated, “Ecological theory proposes that human development is best explained in terms of the interaction between individuals and the environments in which they live or have lived” (Witt & Mossler, 2010, p. 53). My father was a big influence, directing me to conduct myself as a man should. He instilled morals, beliefs, and responsibilities that helped me to look for the good in everyone...
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...Part I: This part of the assignments tests your ability to calculate present value. A. Suppose your bank account will be worth $15,000.00 in one year. The interest rate (discount rate) that the bank pays is 7%. What is the present value of your bank account today? What would the present value of the account be if the discount rate is only 4%? The present value for a bank account that is worth $15, 000 in one year at an interest rate of 7% will be $14019.00. Using the Present Value Factors Table for a period of one year at a 7% rate value factor is .9346. $15, 000 x .9346= $14019.00 worth in value. The present value for a bank account that is worth $15, 000 in one year at an interest rate of 4% will be $14422.50. Using the Present Value Factors Table for a period of one year at a 4% rate value factor is .9615. $15, 000 x .9615= $14422.50 B. Suppose you have two bank accounts, one called Account A and another Account B. Account A will be worth $6,500.00 in one year. Account B will be worth $12,600.00 in two years. Both accounts earn 6% interest. What is the present value of each of these accounts? Account A would be worth $6, 132.10. Account A in one year at a 6% interest rate value factor is .9434. $6500 x .9434= $6132.10 Account B would be worth $11, 214.00. Account B in two years at a 6% interest rate value is .8900. $12, 600 x .8900= $11. 214.00 C. Suppose you just inherited a gold mine. This gold mine is believed to have three years worth of gold deposit...
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...Tutorial: Present Values and Debt Pricing This material involves a review of topics covered during your FIN 214 course. You may also find more information on it in Chapter 6 of the AC 305/306 textbook (the first half of the book may be accessed through the “Read, Study, & Practice” module of WileyPlus). When you are considering any type of long-term investment – whether you are making the investment in a project, or making an investment in a long-term asset, or attempting to get long-term financing for your own projects or investments – it is not OK to consider the cash flows in terms of current dollars. The existence of inflation means that a dollar today will buy more than that same dollar next year. The year-to-year effect may be small when inflation is low, as it is now, but when your investment horizon is measured in decades instead of months, that inflation effect can get very large. If you are not sure what I mean by “large” – just ask your parents (or aunts, uncles, friends who are 15-20 years older than you) how much they paid for a gallon of gas when they were in college. For me, I graduated from college in 1996, and in that year, I usually paid about $1.30 for the gallon of gas that now costs me $3.50. I paid about $1.00 per pound for a whole chicken. Now that same chicken costs $1.35 per pound. That’s a 30% increase for the chicken, over the last 16 years…and for the gas? It’s a 169% increase over the same period. You can see from this example...
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...I have chosen the above topic, due to the fact I feel that in the past with the Social Media there was not so much conflicts with people, children as well with the communication. There was not to much violence , children killing each other the social media as well was not so crazy and bad as it is now. Very good Example Face Book back then we didn’t have that or Tweeter , Etc. Nothing back then was so complicated and crazy as it is now. The Social Media at this time Present is at this has affected a lot of people teenagers are now involved in so many things that affect them , in school , emotionally , kids , at home , the media now has become like a addiction specially to the teenagers that are in schools etcs a lot of this has helps people that are mean out there to be able to communicate with children that are under age, perfect example the topic Bully now a days the Social Media people use it to bully other children that for them is the easiest way to either bully, or get children under age involve in things that have nothing to do with there ages. I think that the media should be more careful in regards to tracking little kids that don’t have to be involve when it comes to the face book or tweeter, for me I don’t think that it should exist because due to all this face book some people commit either suicide it has become more close in , and write things that some of there own family will not even find out till it is too late. Specially children that some parents are not involve...
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...Brealey−Myers−Allen: Principles of Corporate Finance, Eighth Edition Back Matter Appendix A: Present Value Tables © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2005 APPENDIX A PRESENT VALUE TABLES A P P E N D I X TA B L E 1 Discount factors: Present value of $1 to be received after t years 1/(1 r)t. Interest Rate per Year Number of Years 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1% .990 .980 .971 .961 .951 .942 .933 .923 .914 .905 .896 .887 .879 .870 .861 .853 .844 .836 .828 .820 2% .980 .961 .942 .924 .906 .888 .871 .853 .837 .820 .804 .788 .773 .758 .743 .728 .714 .700 .686 .673 3% .971 .943 .915 .888 .863 .837 .813 .789 .766 .744 .722 .701 .681 .661 .642 .623 .605 .587 .570 .554 4% .962 .925 .889 .855 .822 .790 .760 .731 .703 .676 .650 .625 .601 .577 .555 .534 .513 .494 .475 .456 5% .952 .907 .864 .823 .784 .746 .711 .677 .645 .614 .585 .557 .530 .505 .481 .458 .436 .416 .396 .377 6% .943 .890 .840 .792 .747 .705 .665 .627 .592 .558 .527 .497 .469 .442 .417 .394 .371 .350 .331 .312 7% .935 .873 .816 .763 .713 .666 .623 .582 .544 .508 .475 .444 .415 .388 .362 .339 .317 .296 .277 .258 8% .926 .857 .794 .735 .681 .630 .583 .540 .500 .463 .429 .397 .368 .340 .315 .292 .270 .250 .232 .215 9% .917 .842 .772 .708 .650 .596 .547 .502 .460 .422 .388 .356 .326 .299 .275 .252 .231 .212 .194 .178 10% .909 .826 .751 .683 .621 .564 .513 .467 .424 .386 .350 .319 .290 .263 .239 .218 .198 .180 .164 .149 11% .901 .812 .731 .659 .593 .535 .482 .434 .391 .352 .317 .286 .258 .232 .209 .188 .170 .153...
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...301 Principles of Finance Present Value Part I: This part of the assignments tests your ability to calculate present value. A. Suppose your bank account will be worth $7,000.00 in one year. The interest rate (discount rate) that the bank pays is 8%. What is the present value of your bank account today? What would the present value of the account be if the discount rate is only 3%? PV=FV/(1+r)t, PV=7,000/1.08 = $6,481.48 at 8% PV=7,000/1.03, = $6,796.12 at 3% B. Suppose you have two bank accounts, one called Account A and another Account B. Account A will be worth $4,000.00 in one year. Account B will be worth $9,600.00 in two years. Both accounts earn 5% interest. What is the present value of each of these accounts? Account A PV=FV/(1+r)t, PV=4,000/1.05 = $3,809.52 Account B PV=FV/(1+r)t, PV=9,600/1.1025 = $8,707.48 C. Suppose you just inherited an gold mine. This gold mine is believed to have three years worth of gold deposit. Here is how much income this gold mine is projected to bring you each year for the next three years: Year 1: $42,000,000 Year 2: $62,000,000 Year 3: $99,000,000 Compute the present value of this stream of income at a discount rate of 8%. Remember, you are calculating the present value for a whole stream of income, i.e. the total value of receiving all three payments (how much you would pay right now to receive these three payments in the future). Your answer should be one number - the present value for this oil well at a...
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...FVn = PV*(1+i)^n | PV = FVn / (1+i)^n Present Value of annuity (PVA): the present value of the cash flows from an annuity, discounted at the appropriate discount rate Individual Cash Flow (CFn): Present value of annuity equation: CF/I x [1-1/(1+i)^n] Present Value of Ordinary Annuity: ***PMT x ((1-(1/1+i^n))/i) PVAn = CF x 1-1/(1+i)^n / i PVAn = present value of an n period annuity | CF = level and equally spaced cash flow | I = discount / interest rate | n = number of periods PVAn = CF x PV annuity factor PV annuity factor = 1-present value factor / i PVAn = CF x 1-present value factor/i For a 30 year mortgage: 30x 12 = 360 months; to calculate interest interest rate / 12 Present Value Factor: 1 / (1+i)^n PV Annuity Factor: 1 – Present Value factor / i PVAn = CF x PV Annuity Factor ## / PV Annuity Factor = CF Loan / amortization Interest Payment = I x P0 Principal Paid = Loan payment – interest payment Ending principal balance = Beginning principal balance – Principal Paid Steps repeat Finding interest rate: guess using equation: PVAn = CF x 1-1/(1+i)^n/n Future Value of Annuity FVn = PV x (1+i)^n Future Value of Annuity equations: FVAn = PVAn x (1+i)^n | ***Future Value Factor/ Future Value of Annuity Payment Equation: (FVAn) = CF x (1+i)^n – 1 / I ***OR PMT/((1+i^n-1)/i) Future Annuity Factor = CF x Future Value Factor – 1 | = CF x FV annuity Factor Perpetuities (PVP): CF/i x [1-1(1-i)^infinite | = CF/i x [1-0] | = CF/i Growing...
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...Short Analysis of Practical Difficulties of the NPV-method The Net Present Value (NPV) is a method to compare the value of an investment now and that amount in the future, taking into account the cost of capital and the cash flows generated by the investment. The formula to calculate the NPV is as follows: With t as the time of cashflow, i the discount rate and R the net cashflows. Although the formula to calculate the NPV is straightforward and takes into account the value of a cashflow (money) over time, there still is a lot of information that is up to discussion, to which numbers to use. The short comic below gives an idea: One of the umbers that is most easy to calculate is the investment, which is not more than a number. However, from that moment on all are just assumptions. An assumption of the future cash flows that will be generated and the discount rate of cost of capital. Let me use the example of the initial public offering of Twitter, for which the Financial Times has made a simplistic tool to calculate the market value of the company (http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/8ae5045c-4159-11e3-b064-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2lynPs27Z). Now, this short analysis does not have the goal to critique the tool, I merely use it to show what a different cost of capital can do with the ‘’market value of the company’’. A cost of capital of 10% will give an enterprise value of 23.1 billion dollar, while a cost of capital of 12% will give an enterprise value of 15.4 billion...
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...difference between these two values called? A. net present value B. internal return C. payback value D. profitability index E. discounted payback The length of time a firm must wait to recoup the money it has invested in a project is called the: A. internal return period. B. payback period. C. profitability period. D. discounted cash period. E. valuation period. The internal rate of return is defined as the: A. maximum rate of return a firm expects to earn on a project. B. rate of return a project will generate if the project in financed solely with internal funds. C. discount rate that equates the net cash inflows of a project to zero. D. discount rate which causes the net present value of a project to equal zero. E. discount rate that causes the profitability index for a project to equal zero. Rossiter Restaurants is analyzing a project that requires $180,000 of fixed assets. When the project ends, those assets are expected to have an aftertax salvage value of $45,000. How is the $45,000 salvage value handled when computing the net present value of the project? A. reduction in the cash outflow at time zero B. cash inflow in the final year of the project C. cash inflow for the year following the final year of the project D. cash inflow prorated over the life of the project E. not included in the net present value The internal rate of return is: A. the discount rate that makes the net present value of a project equal to the initial cash outlay...
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