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Plan de calidad | “La Calidad es el elemento fundamental para la satisfacción del cliente. El coste de la calidad es el coste de hacer las cosas mal y de no hacer bien a la primera.” CrosbyAutores: Erlin José Navarrete López. Carlos Alberto Aguilera Trujillo. Maynor Omar Varela Mercado. Versión 1.2 Noviembre de 2015. |

Plan de calidad | “La Calidad es el elemento fundamental para la satisfacción del cliente. El coste de la calidad es el coste de hacer las cosas mal y de no hacer bien a la primera.” CrosbyAutores: Erlin José Navarrete López. Carlos Alberto Aguilera Trujillo. Maynor Omar Varela Mercado. Versión 1.2 Noviembre de 2015. |

ÍNDICE

I INTRODUCCIÓN 2 II OBJETIVO 3 III INTRODUCCIÓN DEL PRODUCTO 4 IV PLANES DEL PRODUCTO 5 V DESCRIPCIONES DEL PROCESO 6 VI METAS DE CALIDAD 7 VII GESTIÓN DE RIESGO 8 Tabla de riesgos en el sistema de registro académico. 10

I INTRODUCCIÓN

El presente documento contiene el plan de calidad orientado a verificar la calidad del “sistema de Registro académico para el colegio Cristiano Josué 1:8”. El plan incluye las actividades que permitirán: prevenir y/o eliminar las deficiencias de calidad del producto en desarrollo, satisfacer al cliente a través de los servicios esperados del sistema. Además muestra el equipo que asegurará la calidad, los objetivos a alcanzar en cuestión de la calidad, descripción del software a evaluar, metas de calidad a contemplar y otros apartados descritos posteriormente haciendo uso de herramientas útiles que garanticen la calidad como Métrica Versión 3, ISO, entre otros.

II OBJETIVO

Con este documento se proporciona un plan de calidad para el sistema de registro académico del colegio cristiano Josué 1:8. Dicho plan de calidad sirve para evaluar los procesos del sistema y verificar si el producto de software reúne todas las características necesarias para satisfacer las expectativas de los involucrados (stakeholders) y requisitos del sistema.
Las metas se lograrán tomando en cuenta el modelo de calidad propuesto por Mc Call que expone los factores de calidad a valorar, Métrica Versión 3, la estructura de un plan de calidad por Humphrey y considerando los riesgos que afecten la calidad del sistema.

III INTRODUCCIÓN DEL PRODUCTO

Cada día muchas organizaciones en búsqueda de sobresalir ante los demás, obtener mejores resultados y optimizar recursos, hacen uso de la tecnología como lo es un software, pero no cualquier software si no uno que cumpla con las expectativas y requisitos de los involucrados, tomando en cuenta los criterios de calidad y las fallas de no entender bien lo que pide el cliente.
El mercado para el cual se elabora este plan es un colegio ubicado en el municipio de mateare en la comunidad Los Brasiles, de dominio privado, quienes esperan satisfacer de forma ágil a sus estudiantes mediante la aceleración de sus procesos, brindando un buen desempeño a través de un sistema amigable y fácil de usar.
El sistema de registro académico para el colegio Cristiano Josué 1:8, es un software a la medida cuyo propósito es el registro de estudiantes, maestros, asignaturas, etc. Asimismo, este sistema abarca otros procesos como lo son: pre matricula, matrícula y calificaciones. Además, mediante la información almacenada en su respectiva base de datos es capaz de generar reportes de manera rápida y con integridad en los datos.
Con la implantación del sistema, este agilizará y automatizará los procesos que actualmente se hacen de forma manual y que genera insatisfacción de los involucrados.
Para el ciclo de vida del software se utilizó una metodología ágil como es el desarrollo rápido de aplicaciones (DRA) ya que el tiempo estimado para desarrollar el software es de 90 días. Para involucrar al cliente y obtener un software de calidad se utilizó un método iterativo.

IV PLANES DEL PRODUCTO

IV.1 Matriz de roles y funciones Abreviatura | Rol | Funciones | AP | Administrador del proyecto | Dirigir, controlar las actividades del proyecto | ANDI | Analista yDiseñador | Realizar el estudio de factibilidadLevantar los requisitos del usuario y sistemaDiseño de los diagramas del sistemaDiseño de la interfaz del sistema | PR | Programador | Codificar el sistemaRealizar pruebas del sistema | AU | Auditor del sistema | Validar y verificar los procesos del sistema |

V DESCRIPCIONES DEL PROCESO

La elección de una metodología de desarrollo de software a veces resulta un tanto tediosa, sin embargo para el desarrollo del sistema de registro académico para el colegio cristiano Josué 1:8, al haber realizado el estudio de factibilidad donde se analizó la factibilidad económica, técnica y operacional, obteniendo un resultado positivo del mismo, se puede decir que tenemos una gran idea de lo que el cliente quiere, como lo quiere y cuando lo quiere.
La organización contempla que necesita el producto de software en ejecución en un periodo de 90 días, es por ello que se elegirá una metodología ágil como lo es el desarrollo rápido de aplicaciones (DRA), también para involucrar al cliente en todas las fases que conlleva DRA es imprescindible un método iterativo.
Para el aseguramiento de la calidad usaremos los atributos del modelo propuesto por McCall como lo son: * Correctitud * Confiabilidad * Eficiencia * Integridad * Usabilidad * Mantenibilidad * Capacidad De Prueba * Flexibilidad * Portabilidad * Reusabilidad * Interoperabilidad

Dichos atributos se aplicaran durante todo el ciclo de vida del software, apoyado con Métrica V3 llevado a cabo por el grupo de aseguramiento de calidad para el sistema.

VI METAS DE CALIDAD

En la presente matriz se contemplan una gran cantidad de factores de calidad propuestas por Jim McCall con sus respectivos atributos para determinar el grado de calidad que presente el software en evaluación.
La evaluación de los atributos se realizara de manera cuantitativa en una escala del 1 – 10. El total será representado tomando en cuenta la suma de las evaluaciones / cantidad de atributos por factor de calidad. Características de Calidad Propuestas por McCall (Modelo McCall) | Leyendas | VC | Valor Calculado | Valor Meta De Calidad | 75% | | VE | Valor Estimado | | | | NA | No Aplica | | | Perspectivas | Factor | Criterio | EVALUACIÓN | Cumplimiento | | | | VC | VE | | Operación Del Producto | Correctitud | Rastreabilidad | 5 | 5 | 100% | | | Completitud | 5 | 5 | | | | Consistencia | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACIÓN TOTAL | 15 | 15 | | | Confiabilidad | Consistencia | 5 | 5 | 83% | | | Exactitud | 5 | 5 | | | | Tolerancia A Fallas | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACIÓN TOTAL | 15 | 15 | | | Eficiencia | Eficiencia De Ejecución | 5 | 5 | | | | Eficiencia De Almacenamiento | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 10 | 10 | | | Integridad | Control De Acceso | 5 | 5 | | | | Auditoria De Acceso | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 10 | 10 | | | Usabilidad | Operabilidad | 5 | 5 | | | | Entrenamiento | 5 | 5 | | | | Comunicación | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 15 | 15 | | Calidad En La Operatividad Del Software | | Revisión Del Producto | Mantenibilidad | Simplicidad | 5 | 5 | | | | Concreción | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 10 | 10 | | | Capacidad De Prueba | Simplicidad | 5 | 5 | | | | Instrumentación | 5 | 5 | | | | Auto – Descriptividad | 5 | 5 | | | | Modularidad | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 20 | 20 | | | Flexibilidad | Auto – Descriptividad | 5 | 5 | | | | Capacidad De Expansión | 5 | 5 | | | | Generalidad | 5 | 5 | | | | Modularidad | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 20 | 20 | | Calidad En La Revisión Del Software | | Transición Del Producto | Portabilidad | Auto – Descriptividad | 5 | 5 | | | | Independencia Del Sistema | 5 | 5 | | | | Independencia De Maquina | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 15 | 15 | | | Reusabilidad | Auto – Descriptividad | 5 | 5 | | | | Generalidad | 5 | 5 | | | | Modularidad | 5 | 5 | | | | Independencia Del Sistema | 5 | 5 | | | | Independencia De Maquina | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 25 | 25 | | | Interoperabilidad | Modularidad | 5 | 5 | | | | Similitud De Comunicación | 5 | 5 | | | | Similitud De Datos | 5 | 5 | | | | EVALUACION TOTAL | 15 | 15 | | Calidad En La Transición Del Producto | |

VII GESTIÓN DE RIESGO

El conocimiento de los riesgos en un proyecto es importante para saber a qué atenerse durante la ejecución y culminación del mismo.
Cabe recalcar que para la valoración de los riesgos se utilizó una técnica cualitativa, ya que no se cuenta con la información fidedigna, acumulada e histórica sobre el comportamiento organizacional previo, y comportamiento estadístico del evento analizado .Para ello se considera que cada riesgo presenta 2 componentes primarios para un evento dado:

* Una probabilidad de ocurrencia de ese evento (cuán viable es que se llegue a dar el evento identificado).

* El impacto de la ocurrencia del evento en cuestión, valorable ya sea mediante una cuantificación de su costo en términos monetarios (costo del trabajo adicional, Retrabajo, multas, pérdida de ventas, etc.), o una medición en otros términos (costo De la credibilidad de la organización, posicionamiento de mercado, incapacidad de Cumplimiento de objetivos estratégicos u obligaciones contractuales o legales, etc.).

La combinación de estos dos componentes es lo que permite tener una valoración relativa de los diferentes riesgos, permitiendo así su priorización.

La siguiente tabla es una escala de la probabilidad del riesgo. Muy bajo | Menor que 10% | Bajo | 10-25% | Moderado | 25-50% | Alto | 50-75% | Muy alto | Mayor que 75% |

La siguiente tabla es una escala del impacto del riesgo.

Impacto | Descripción | Catastrófico | Desviación mayor de 6 meses en calendario; deslizamiento costo mayor del de 10%; reducción mayor del de 10% en funcionalidad del producto. | Crítico | Desviación menor de 6 meses en calendario; deslizamiento de los costos menor del 10%; reducción menor del 10% en funcionalidad del producto | Serio | Desviación menor de 3 meses en calendario; deslizamiento costo menor del de 5%; reducción menor del de 5% en funcionalidad del producto | Menor | Desviación menor de 1 mes en calendario; deslizamiento costo menor del de 2%; reducción menor del de 2% en funcionalidad del producto | Insignificante | Impacto insignificante en el proyecto |

A continuación se detalla los posibles riesgos que podrían aminorar la calidad e integridad del sistema de registro académico para el colegio Josué 1:8, y por lo tanto, ocasionaría el desprecio del mismo por parte de los interesados, en estos riesgos han sido considerados los propuestos por Boehm, y en definitiva los que aplican para este proyecto.
Tabla de riesgos en el sistema de registro académico.

Riesgos Que Afectarían La Calidad Del Software | Riesgos | Factor de Riesgo | Probabilidad | Impacto | Gestión del riesgo | Deficiencias del personal | -El personal no entrega a tiempo su tarea asignada.-Rotación del personal.-El personal no tiene experiencia. | Moderado | Crítico | Contratar gente con talento, reasignación de trabajos, construcción equipos, acuerdos entre personal clave. | Planificación y presupuestos poco realistas | -El tiempo estimado no es el adecuado.-No se toma en cuenta el incremento de los costos. | Moderado | Crítico | Consulta de varias fuentes detallada de costos y planificación, diseñar en función del costo, desarrollo incremental, reutilización | Desarrollo erróneo de los procesos dentro del sistema | -Mala definición de los requerimientos. | Moderado | Serio | Análisis de organización, revisiones y participación del usuario, prototipos, manuales preliminares, Tomar los detalles en cada escenario del sistema. | Diseño inadecuado de la interfaz | -Establecer diseño personal.-No atractiva visual (es relativo). | Alto | Crítico | Prototipos, análisis de tareas | Cambios de requerimientos durante el desarrollo | -No entendimiento de los requerimientos.-Lo que el cliente pide no se puede hacer con la tecnología que se tiene.-Surgen nuevos módulos en el software. | Moderado | Serio | -Interacción continua con los usuarios.-Firmar un acuerdo de requerimientos en el contrato de confidencialidad. | No hay entrega de la documentación general del sistema | -Incumplimiento de la creación del manual de usuario.-Incumplimiento de la creación del manual de técnico. | Baja | Menor | -Priorizar la creación de la documentación y entregarlo en tiempo y forma a los usuarios, explicándoles su funcionamiento y forma de uso. | No disponibilidad del hardware | -Los equipos se dañan.-El hardware no es el que se requiere.-No hay capital para comprar más. | Moderado | Catastrófico | |

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Beatrice, Much Ado About Nothing

...Beatrice is a strong-willed, independent woman. How far do you agree with this statement? I would agree for the most part with this statement. Beatrice is indeed strong-willed, but her independence has its limitations. As with many Shakespearean characters, appearance can be deceptive, and what we see is only a facade, a mask to hide their true character or feelings. I believe that Beatrice uses her cleverness and quick wit to hide her real feelings, and that although she is independent to a certain extent, she is aware that she has limitations because of her gender. Although Beatrice states ‘I would rather hear my dog bark at a crow than hear a man swear he loves me’ she is ultimately fooled into believing that Benedick loves her. The fact that she is tricked so easily, and subsequently admits her reciprocal love, tells us that she views marriage in a more favourable light than she had previously led us to believe. Whether she gave in to the ‘social construct’ demanded by the patriarchal society in which she lived is questionable. What we do know is that Shakespeare has presented her as a wilful, self-confident, autonomous woman who appears to revel in her single status. In contrast we have Hero, the antithesis of Beatrice. She is meek, obedient and completely dominated by the men in her life. She is the perfect foil for Beatrice, her willingness to please further enhancing Beatrice’s character. It is clear from the start of the play that Beatrice is not an...

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