...Econometric Reviews, 27(1–3):10–45, 2008 Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0747-4938 print/1532-4168 online DOI: 10.1080/07474930701853509 REALIZED VOLATILITY: A REVIEW Michael McAleer1 and Marcelo C. Medeiros2 2 School of Economics and Commerce, University of Western Australia Department of Economics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil 1 Downloaded At: 15:53 5 September 2008 This article reviews the exciting and rapidly expanding literature on realized volatility. After presenting a general univariate framework for estimating realized volatilities, a simple discrete time model is presented in order to motivate the main results. A continuous time specification provides the theoretical foundation for the main results in this literature. Cases with and without microstructure noise are considered, and it is shown how microstructure noise can cause severe problems in terms of consistent estimation of the daily realized volatility. Independent and dependent noise processes are examined. The most important methods for providing consistent estimators are presented, and a critical exposition of different techniques is given. The finite sample properties are discussed in comparison with their asymptotic properties. A multivariate model is presented to discuss estimation of the realized covariances. Various issues relating to modelling and forecasting realized volatilities are considered. The main empirical findings using...
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...The main reason for this focus on a single country is that we want to show how the tools of demography can actually be used for the analysis of demographic problems. The text consists of two parts. Part I introduces the conceptual framework and explains basic statistical notions. This part also includes a short chapter that explains how we speak of “models” and why we do not make a sharp distinction between “describing” and “modeling” demographic processes. Then follows Part II that deals with data and methods. In the present version of the text, we almost exclusively discuss mortality and fertility data; migration is only mentioned in Chapter 6 and briefly considered in the context of a Leslie model at the end of the text. In addition to providing a general introduction to concepts of demography, the text also intends to show how to practically work with demographic data. We therefore extensively document all the data used and explain the statistical calculations in detail. In fact, most of these calculations are quite simple; the only exception is the discussion of Leslie models in Chapters 17 and 18 which requires some knowledge of matrix algebra. Except for these chapters, the text has been so written that it may serve as an introduction to elementary statistical methods. The basic approach is identical with the author’s Grundz¨ge der sozialwissenschaftlichen Statistik (2001). u Virtually no previous knowledge of...
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...PART ONE Solutions to Exercises Chapter 2 Review of Probability Solutions to Exercises 1. (a) Probability distribution function for Y Outcome (number of heads) probability Y=0 0.25 Y=1 0.50 Y=2 0.25 (b) Cumulative probability distribution function for Y Outcome (number of heads) Probability Y −1.96 and < −1.96. Solving these inequalities yields n ≥ 9220. 18. Pr (Y = $0) = 0.95, Pr (Y = $20000) = 0.05. (a) The mean of Y is μY = 0 × Pr (Y = $0) + 20, 000 × Pr (Y = $20000) = $1000. The variance of Y is 2 σ Y = E ⎢ ( Y − μY ) ⎢ ⎡ ⎣ 2⎤ ⎥ ⎥ ⎦ = (0 − 1000)2 × Pr (Y = 0 ) + (20000 − 1000)2 × Pr (Y = 20000) = (−1000)2 × 0.95 + 19000 2 × 0.05 = 1.9 × 10 7, so the standard deviation of Y is σ Y = (1.9 × 107 ) 2 = $4359. 1 2 (b) (i) E (Y ) = μY = $1000, σ Y = σnY = 1.9×10 = 1.9 × 10 5. 100 2 7 (ii) Using the central limit theorem, Pr (Y > 2000) = 1 − Pr (Y ≤ 2000) ⎛ Y − 1000 2, 000 − 1, 000 ⎞ = 1 − Pr ⎜ ≤ ⎟ 5 1.9 × 10 5 ⎠ ⎝ 1.9 × 10 ≈ 1 − Φ (2.2942) = 1 − 0.9891 = 0.0109. Solutions to Exercises in Chapter 2 11 19. (a) Pr (Y = y j ) = ∑ Pr ( X = xi , Y = y j ) i =1 l l = ∑ Pr (Y =y j|X =xi )Pr ( X =xi ) i =1 (b) E (Y ) = ∑ y j Pr (Y = yj ) = ∑ yj ∑ Pr (Y = yj |X = xi ) Pr ( X = xi ) j =1 j =1 i =1 k k l =∑ l ⎛ k ⎜ ⎜ ⎜ i =1 ⎜ j =1 ⎝ l ∑ yj Pr (Y = yj |X = xi ) ⎟ Pr ( X =xi ) ⎟ ⎟ ⎠ ⎞ ⎟ =∑ E (Y |X =xi )Pr ( X =xi ). i =1 (c) When X and Y are independent, Pr (X = xi , Y = yj ) = Pr (X = xi )Pr (Y = yj ), so σ XY =...
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...Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions...
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...5. Standards 1.6. Further Reading 1.7. Summary 1.8. Exercises 2. The Physical Layer 2.1. Equipment 2.1.1. Equipment Types 2.1.2. Connection Types 2.2. Transmission 2.2.1. Signal Types 2.2.2. Modulation 2.2.3. Digitization 2.2.4. Synchronization 2.2.5. Transmission Media 2.3. Multiplexing 2.3.1. Space Division Multiplexing (SDM) vi Communication Networks 6 10 1 2 2 4 7 7 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 19 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 27 28 Copyright © 2005 PragSoft 2.3.2. Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) 2.3.3. Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) 2.3.4. Concentration 2.4. Physical Layer Standards 2.4.1. RS-232 2.4.2. CCITT X.21 2.5. Further Reading 2.6. Summary 2.7. Exercises 3. The Data Link Layer 3.1 Link Protocol Types 3.1.1. Synchronous Protocols 3.1.2. Asynchronous Protocols 3.1.3. Master-Slave Protocols 3.1.4. Peer-to-Peer Protocols 3.2. Link Protocol Functions 3.2.1. Acknowledgments 3.2.2. Timers 3.2.3. Error Checking 3.2.4. Retransmission 3.2.5. Flow Control 3.3. Sliding Window Protocol 3.4. Data Link Layer Standards 3.4.1. BSC 3.4.2. HDLC 3.5. Further Reading 3.6. Summary 3.7. Exercises 4. The Network Layer 4.1. Network Services 4.2. Switching Methods 4.2.1. Circuit Switching 4.2.2. Packet Switching 4.3. Packet Handling 4.3.1. Packet Structure 4.3.2. Routing 4.3.3. Congestion Control 4.3.4. Error Handling 4.4. Internetworking 4.4.1. Network Sublayers...
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...certain how far saying things like “Look” in a stern voice was necessarily going to get him, and time was not on his side. What the hell, he thought, you’re only young once, and threw himself out of the window. That would at least keep the element of surprise on his side. ... In a spirit of scientific inquiry he hurled himself out of the window again. Douglas Adams Mostly Harmless Strangely, the thing that least intrigued me was how they’d managed to get it all done. I suppose I sort of knew. If I’d learned one thing from traveling, it was that the way to get things done was to go ahead and do them. Don’t talk about going to Borneo. Book a ticket, get a visa, pack a bag, and it just happens. Alex Garland The Beach vi Chapter Summary 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Computing Sub-basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Assessment Test 3. Chapter 1: Getting Started with Ethical Hacking 1. Hacking: A Short History 2. What Is an Ethical Hacker? 3. Summary 4. Exam Essentials 5. Review Questions 4. Chapter 2: System Fundamentals 1. Exploring Network Topologies 2. Working with the Open Systems Interconnection Model 3. Dissecting the TCP/IP Suite 4. IP Subnetting 5. Hexadecimal vs. Binary 6. Exploring TCP/IP Ports 7. Understanding Network Devices 8. Working with MAC Addresses 9. Intrusion Prevention and Intrusion Detection Systems 10. Network Security 11. Knowing Operating Systems 12. Backups and Archiving 13. Summary 14. Exam Essentials 15. Review Questions 5. Chapter 3: Cryptography 2 1. Cryptography: Early Applications and Examples 2. Cryptography in Action 3. Understanding Hashing 4. Issues with Cryptography 5. Applications of Cryptography 6. Summary 7. Exam Essentials 8. Review Questions 6. Chapter 4: Footprinting and Reconnaissance 1. Understanding the Steps of Ethical Hacking 2. What Is Footprinting? 3. Terminology in Footprinting 4. Threats Introduced by Footprinting 5. The Footprinting Process 6. Summary 7. Exam Essentials 8. Review Questions 7. Chapter 5: Scanning Networks 1. What Is Network Scanning? 2. Checking for Live Systems 3. Checking for Open Ports 4. Types of Scans 5. OS Fingerprinting 6. Banner Grabbing 7. Countermeasures 8. Vulnerability Scanning 9. Drawing Network Diagrams 10. Using Proxies 11. Summary 12. Exam Essentials 13. Review Questions 8. Chapter 6: Enumeration of...
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...Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States SEVENTH EDITION Data Communications and Computer Networks A Business User’s Approach Curt M. White DePaul University Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User’s Approach, Seventh Edition Curt M. White Editor-In-Chief: Joe Sabatino Senior Acquisitions Editor: Charles McCormick, Jr. Senior Product Manager: Kate Mason Editorial Assistant: Courtney Bavaro Marketing Director: Keri Witman Marketing Manager: Adam Marsh Senior Marketing Communications Manager: Libby Shipp Marketing Coordinator: Suellen Ruttkay Media Editor: Chris Valentine Art and Cover Direction, Production Management, and Composition: PreMediaGlobal Cover Credit: © Masterfile Royalty Free Manufacturing Coordinator: Julio Esperas © 2013 Course Technology, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act—without the prior written permission of the publisher. For product information and technology assistance...
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...or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to: Permissions Department, Harcourt Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887-6777 Explicit permission from Academic Press is not required to reproduce a maximum of two figures or tables from an Academic Press chapter in another scientific or research publication provided that the material has not been credited to another source and that full credit to the Academic Press chapter is given. Academic Press A division of Harcourt, Inc. 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, Cahfomia 92101-4495, USA http://www.academicpress.com Academic Press Harcourt Place, 32 Jamestown Road, London NWl 7BY, UK http ://www. academicpress .com Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2001092781 hitemational Standard Book Number: 0-12-500452-4 International Standard Book Number: 0-12-500453-2 (International edition) PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 01 02 03 04 05 06 MB 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents Preface vii Note to Students xi Prelude to Multimedia Sugata Mitra 1 Overview of...
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...HOW TO Prepare Your Curriculum Vitae Revised Edition Acy L. Jackson and C. Kathleen Geckeis Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-142626-4 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-139044-8 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at george_hoare@mcgraw-hill.com or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve...
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...ONE WORLD NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi - 110002 Visit us at www.newagepublishers.com PREFACE This text, ‘Telecommunication Switching and Networks’ is intended to serve as a onesemester text for undergraduate course of Information Technology, Electronics and Communication Engineering, and Telecommunication Engineering. This book provides in depth knowledge on telecommunication switching and good background for advanced studies in communication networks. The entire subject is dealt with conceptual treatment and the analytical or mathematical approach is made only to some extent. For best understanding, more diagrams (202) and tables (35) are introduced wherever necessary in each chapter. The telecommunication switching is the fast growing field and enormous research and development are undertaken by various organizations and firms. The communication networks have unlimited research potentials. Both telecommunication switching and communication networks develop new techniques and technologies everyday. This book provides complete fundamentals of all the topics it has focused. However, a candidate pursuing postgraduate course, doing research in these areas and the employees of telecom...
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...OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT REVIEW March 2004 Chris Maxwell © State of Victoria Printed by State of Victoria, March 2004 ISBN 1920921044 This work is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from State of Victoria. Disclaimer: The content in this report is provided for information purposes only. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not purport to represent the position of the State of Victoria. Neither the author nor the State of Victoria accept any liability to any persons for the information (or the use of such information) which is provided in this review or incorporated into it by reference. The information in this Review is provided on the basis that all persons having access to it undertake responsibility for assessing the relevance and accuracy of its content. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY ACT REVIEW March 2004 Chris Maxwell TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1: A CONSULTATIVE INQUIRY CHAPTER 2: THE SAFETY CONSENSUS PART 1: NEW CHALLENGES FOR OHS 1 3 5 6 15 15 20 24 24 29 46 46 54 60 71 96 96 100 110 120 135 141 159 163 169 177 177 186 192 192 215 222 227 233 233 258 272 284 284 293 328 347 350 354 354 357 360 363 383 387 392 392 397 ...
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...15 Contents of This Edition.........................................................................................................................17 Guidelines for Using This Book.............................................................................................................19 Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................................21 About the Authors ..................................................................................................................................22 Part 1: Basic Concepts............................................................................................................................23 Chapter 1: Databases and Database Users..........................................................................................23 1.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................24 1.2 An Example ..............................................................................................................................25 1.3 Characteristics of the Database Approach...
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...COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE DESIGNING FOR PERFORMANCE EIGHTH EDITION William Stallings Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data On File Vice President and Editorial Director: Marcia J. Horton Editor-in-Chief: Michael Hirsch Executive Editor: Tracy Dunkelberger Associate Editor: Melinda Haggerty Marketing Manager: Erin Davis Senior Managing Editor: Scott Disanno Production Editor: Rose Kernan Operations Specialist: Lisa McDowell Art Director: Kenny Beck Cover Design: Kristine Carney Director, Image Resource Center: Melinda Patelli Manager, Rights and Permissions: Zina Arabia Manager, Visual Research: Beth Brenzel Manager, Cover Visual Research & Permissions: Karen Sanatar Composition: Rakesh Poddar, Aptara®, Inc. Cover Image: Picturegarden /Image Bank /Getty Images, Inc. Copyright © 2010, 2006 by Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 07458. Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to: Rights and Permissions Department. Pearson Prentice Hall™ is a trademark of Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson® is a registered trademark of...
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...Sixth Edition INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Cheol S. Eun Bruce G. Resnick International Financial Management Sixth Edition The McGraw-Hill/Irwin Series in Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate Stephen A. Ross Franco Modigliani Professor of Finance and Economics Sloan School of Management Massachusetts Institute of Technology Consulting Editor FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Adair Excel Applications for Corporate Finance First Edition Block, Hirt, and Danielsen Foundations of Financial Management Fourteenth Edition Brealey, Myers, and Allen Principles of Corporate Finance Tenth Edition Brealey, Myers, and Allen Principles of Corporate Finance, Concise Second Edition Brealey, Myers, and Marcus Fundamentals of Corporate Finance Sixth Edition Brooks FinGame Online 5.0 Bruner Case Studies in Finance: Managing for Corporate Value Creation Sixth Edition Chew The New Corporate Finance: Where Theory Meets Practice Third Edition Cornett, Adair, and Nofsinger Finance: Applications and Theory First Edition Cornett, Adair, and Nofsinger Finance: M Book First Edition DeMello Cases in Finance Second Edition Grinblatt (editor) Stephen A. Ross, Mentor: Influence through Generations Grinblatt and Titman Financial Markets and Corporate Strategy Second Edition Higgins Analysis for Financial Management Ninth Edition Kellison Theory of Interest Third Edition Kester, Ruback, and Tufano Case Problems in Finance Twelfth Edition Ross, Westerfield, and Jaffe Corporate Finance Ninth Edition...
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