NT1430 Final Review

1. Know what a swap partition is used for.
a. The swap partition is an independent section of the hard disk used solely for swapping; no other files can reside there. Swap partition is used to turn the hard drive into extra RAM.
2. Know what an architecture is, and which are supported by Fedora.
a. 32 and 64 bit
b. Fedora CDs and DVDs hold programs compiled to run on a specific processor architecture (class of processors, or CPUs)
c. There are several that Fedora supports:
i. EM64T/AMD64 ii. A 64 bit distribution allows each process to address more than 4 gigabytes of RAM. iii. I383/i686 (Intel x86) iv. X86_64 (AMD64 and Intel EM64T)
v. Mac PowerPC (PPC)
3. Know how the root of the file system is represented.
a. The root is represented by a /
b. Fedora uses the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) file system structure, which defines the names, locations, and permissions for many file types and directories.
c. The two most important elements of FHS compliance are:
i. Compatibility with other FHS-compliant systems ii. The ability to mount a /usr/ partition as read-only. This is especially crucial, since /usr/ contains common executables and should not be changed by users. In addition, since /usr/ is mounted as read-only, it should be mountable from the CD-ROM drive or from another machine via a read-only NFS mount.

4. Know what the cp command is used for.
a. The Linux cp command is usually used to copy files and copy directory in Linux operating system. The cp command also can be used to make a link to other file in the system.
5. Know what the mv command is used for.
a. The mv command is used to move files or rename to a different location or directory.
6. Know what the tail command does.
a. Tail prints the last N number of lines from given input. By default, it prints last 10 lines of each given file.
7. Know what the less and more commands do and know the difference between them.
a. Less and more do the same thing, they list the output of a file. The difference is that more lets you scroll forward only and less lets you scroll both ways.
8. Know how to use the grep command as a filter.
a. It lets you search through a text file or files for any given string.
9. Know all the possible ways to change directory to your users home directory.
a. Cd/ homeusername cd~/
10. Know the difference between an absolute path and a relative path.
a. An absolute path starts at the root of the drive
b. Relative path starts in the directory that you are in
11. Know what the ls command does.
a. Lists the files within a directory
12. Know how to make a file executable.
a. Chmod+x ./fx
13. Know what the pwd command does.
a. Print working directory- tells you what directory you are in
14. Know how to redirect input and output to and from files.
a. > >> |
15. Know what the pipe(|) character does when typing commands on the command line.
a. The pipe command redirects output from one command through another command
16. Know what a process id number is.
a. Is given to a process that is currently running
17. Know what the jobs, fg, and bg commands are used for.
a. Fg moves process to the foreground
b. Bg moves process to the background
c. Jobs is a series of commands that can be connected by pipes. It’s a job number, process ID number, single digit.
18. Know what commands can be used to configure a wireless NIC.
a. IWconfig and IWlist
19. Know what ssh is and what it is used for.
a. SSH is secure shell and is used to input commands into a remote machine to an encrypted one.
20. Know the different run levels.
a. rc0.d - System Halted
b. rc1.d - Single User Mode
c. rc2.d - Single User Mode with Networking
d. rc3.d - Multi-User Mode - boot up in text mode
e. rc4.d - Not yet Defined
f. rc5.d - Multi-User Mode - boot up in X Windows
g. rc6.d - Shutdown & Reboot
21. Know the best way to switch between run levels.
a. CNTRL ALT N is F1-F8
22. Know how DHCP works.
a. Dynamic Host Control Protocol assigns an IP address to each computer on the network from a specified range.
23. Know which “options” can be set in the dhcpd.conf file.
a. Subnet mask, and IP ranges.
b. Default gateway
24. Know how you would use rpm to install or upgrade a package from the command line.
a. –I to install –u to update
b. Rpm -i Software.rpm
c. Rpm -U Softwarev2.rpm
25. Know how to use the yum program to update a Fedora system.
a. Yum update -y
26. Know which printing protocols are supported by CUPS.
a. IPP, LDP and LPR
27. Know the three different ways to configure the CUPS server.
a. Web interface
b. Command interface
c. CUPS system config program, system-config-printer
28. Know the extension of Linux printer drivers.
a. PPD files
29. Know the syntax used for scp to copy files between systems.
a. Scp host1:file1 host2:file2
30. Know where ssh stores the list of servers it has connected to.
a. E: /etc/hosts.equiv or /etc/ssh/shosts.equiv
31. Know how to configure ssh to only allow access to specific users.
a. Edit the sshd_config file to include the line allow user or deny user(s)
b. SSHD_Config file to include the line AllowUser UserName
32. Know how to configure the ssh server.
a. Manually edit the configuration file or ssh_config for the client
33. Know how to make ssh tunnel the Xwindows protocol.
a. Configure the sshd_config file to allow xwindows on the server and the ssh_config file to allow xwindows on the client. Connect to the server and use the command “echo $DISPLAY localhost”
34. Know how to configure vsftp to run on its own without xinetd.
a. In the configuration file, if listen=NO it will use xinetd. If Listen= YES then vsftp will stand alone.
35. Know what an A record does in a DNS zone.
a. An A record gives you the IPv4 address of a domain
36. Know what a CNAME record is used for.
a. A CNAME record or Canonical Name record is a type of resource record in the Domain Name System (DNS) that specifies that the domain name is an alias of another, canonical domain name.
37. Know which file you would modify to change the configuration of sendmail on a Linux system.
a. /etc/mail/sendmail.mc
38. Know which service in Linux runs the POP and IMAP services.
a. Dovecot
39. Know which configuration file is used by the openLDAP server.
a. /usr/local/etc/openldap/slapd.conf
40. Know what a DSE entry is in an LDAP directory.
a. Root entry in the LDAP directory
41. Know which ports and LDAP server uses.
a. Port 389 not encrypted, Port 636 LDAP/ssh
42. Know how to configure NFS to share directories with other systems over a network.
a. System_config_NFS
b. Editing the add properties of GUI
c. To add a share click add on the toolbar properties
43. Know what the samba server is used for.
a. Samba is a SMB file server used to share and to access remote directories.
44. Know which files samba uses for its configuration.
a. SMB.conf
45. Know the path bind uses to store its zones when it is running in a chroot jail.
a. /chroot/named/etc/namedb
46. Know which chains are in the filter table in the iptables firewall.
a. Input, forward and output
47. What is the Document Root directive used for when configuring apache.
a. /var/www/html