NT1210 Lab 3.3: the TCP/IP Model

Exercise 3.3.1
Using your textbook and Internet research, create a mapping between the TCP/IP model and the OSI reference model. What are the distinct differences between them?

Applications, Transport, Network, Network Interface this the TCP/IP model. A huge difference is that TCP/IP model uses 4 major layers instead of 7 layers to OSI model. OSI Model is Applications, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link and Physical composed to 7 layers. OSI was developed as theoretical model, while TCP/IP was more practical model.

Exercise 3.3.2
Identify the layer in which each protocol resides according to the TCP/IP model

Transport layers: The Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP). These core protocols support many other protocols, to perform a variety of functions at each of the TCP/IP model layers. Still others enable user applications to function.

Exercise 3.3.3
The most common protocols used from this suite are IP, TCP, and UDP. Briefly describe the purpose and function of each of these. Use your textbook and Internet research to support your answer.

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data.
User Datagram Protocol a connectionless protocol that, like TCP, runs on top of IP networks. Unlike TCP/IP, UDP/IP provides very few error recovery services, offering instead a direct way to send and receive datagrams over an IP network.

Internet Protocol specifies the format of packets, also called datagrams, and the addressing scheme. Most networks combine IP with a higher-level protocol called Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which establishes a virtual connection between a destination and a source. IP by itself is something like the postal system. It allows you to address a package and drop it in the system, but there's no direct link between you and the recipient.