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Nt1310 Unit 3 Assignment 1 Research Paper

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ASSIGNMENT 3

1. Using only the following protocols (ARP, DNS, HTTP, ICMP, IP, NTP, RTP, UDP, TCP), describe the steps involved when the Internet host red.color.net pings another host green.paint.net. Describe this step by step, in detail- what happens in each host.
Assume all caches are empty (i.e. No name or address resolution has been done, yet) You have to think through the whole chain of how address discovery works and what protocols are used at every step.

Let red.color.net be Host A with IP Address 192.168.1.100 and green.paint.net be Host B with IP Address 192.168.1.200.
Let’s assume that Host B have a web server running on it, and its port 80 is ready to accept http connections.
Now, we open a web browser in Host A and type the URL …show more content…
TCP initiates the session by creating a TCP segment with SYN bit set. The source port is a randomly assigned dynamic port number and the destination port is 80. The TCP segment was passed down to the Network layer, with the destination IP address 192.168.1.200. UDP is used where error checking and corrections are not necessary.
Step 5, IP then creates a packet with IP source address 192.168.1.100 and destination address 192.168.1.200 received from TCP. The Protocol field of the packet has value 0×06, which means TCP. After the packet creation, IP then passes the packet to Layer 2.
Step 6, Because hosts only communicate via hardware addresses on the local LAN, for this packet to be sent to the destination Host B, Layer 2 needs to map the destination IP address 192.168.1.200 to its MAC address. Layer 2 does this by requesting a mapping from the ARP program.
Step 7, ARP checks its ARP table to see if the IP address of the destination IP has already been resolved to hardware address. If it is, the frame is then created with the hardware destination address. Otherwise, Layer 2 holds the packet until ARP can provide a mapping. Since this is the first time we connect to the web server, the ARP table is

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