...haha NT1310 unit1 assignment 3/18/2013 Part 1 Description: Please write 3-4 sentences for each of these services, describing whether they use voice or data networks: o Cell phones: Cell phones are both voice, and data. The first generation cell phone transmitted information in an analog format very similar to the way a fixed-line telephone transmits voice information from the subscriber to the central office. When the second generation cell phone entered the market transmission shifted from analog to digital. Not only do 2G phones have the ability to transmit and receive voice but they also have the ability to transmit and receive data. o Landline phones: Landline phones use both voice, and data networks. Originally it was just voice, then "the data network" began with dial-up modems, and fax machines. o SMS/ Text Messaging: Text Messaging is a data network. Cell phones pave the pathway for SMS messages. When a friend sends you an SMS message, the message flows through the SMSC, then to the tower, and the tower sends the message to your phone as a little packet of data on the control channel. Cell phone calls are different, they use radio frequencies instead. o Fax Machines: Fax machines are in a data network. Fax machines transmit mainly through landline phones. Recently, they also send through Voice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP.) o Pagers: Pagers are data signals that receive similar to cell phones, but with no voice radio frequencies. o VOIP...
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...NT1310 Unit 1 Assignment 1. Voice vs Data Cell phones uses voice data networks because talk through one end is sent to the other end of the call. Landline phones uses the same as cell phones SMS/Text messaging uses data networks because it takes and saves an image of text and sends it over to the other end. Fax Machine uses data networks because a file is saved and sent over to the fax machine to be printed out. Pagers uses data networks because it is recorded and saved while being transfer over to the pager. VOIP (voice over IP) phones uses voice data networks. Skype/Facetime uses voice data networks because of live video streaming. Unit 1 Exercise 1, Local Exchange Any movements and sounds on one end is recorded and sent as data through demarc live-tie, to the access networks. Then from access network it would go through metro network (city to city) and regional networks (county to county). From there it travels to long haul (state to state). Then to ocean networks (country to country) if players are out of the country gamers. After all that transfers, it back tracks to the other end of the receiver who is playing the game. Unit 1 Lab 1. Data on Fixed Line vs Cellular Debate Data Speed depends on the environment. One can be faster than the other Network Security both are hackable, but cellular is more of a spoof because it’s a single out in the air to public to pick up while fixed line has firewalls and fiber optics it travels through. Equipment Cost depending...
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...NT1310 Unit 1. Lab 1. Data on Fixed Line vs. Cellular Debate. Pros & Cons of Fixed vs. Cellular: Pros: Cost: Most wired line phone companies charge more than what you'd pay for most alternatives, and some are taxed more as well. There are some locations where getting new wired phone service is prohibitively expensive or even impossible. Long Distance and extra features like Call Waiting are normally included with alternative phones. More Features: Cellular and broadband phones normally include Long Distance, Voice Mail, Caller ID, Call Forwarding and more, usually at no additional charge. They also have Text Messaging and various forms of data service which are unavailable with a landline. Portability: If you move your home more than average (or if it's on wheels), your phone and your number can stay with you. There are no "installation" charges. Temporary Usage: You can have phone service for the season in a vacation home or cabin, or on an extended stay at a hotel or home of a friend or relative without installing a separate line. Internet Access: Your wireless phone can also be your connection to the Internet, either with an internal browser or tethered to your computer, and available wherever there is cellular coverage. Wireless broadband is also available separate from your cellular account. Wi-Fi for Multiple Devices: You can get a cellular modem that provides a wi-fi signal that can connect to up to 5 separate wi-fi devices. ...
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...NT1310 Physical Networking ITT TECHNICAL INSTITUTE NT1310 Physical Networking ASSESSMENTS -1- 09/27/2012 NT1310 Physical Networking Mid-Term Exam Scope This exam tests the objectives in Units 1-4. 1. Which of the following is not a common cable used today? a. Twisted-Pair b. Fiber-Optic c. Plenum d. Coaxial 2. What unit of measurement is a tenfold logarithmic ratio of power output to power input? a. Volts b. Hertz c. Watts d. Decibel 3. Which of the following does not contribute to attenuation? a. Conductor resistance b. Mutual capacitance c. Impedance d. Frequency increases 4. Which of the following is not a type of crosstalk? a. Alien Crosstalk b. Pair-to-Pair Crosstalk c. Equal-Level Far-End Crosstalk d. Mutual Crosstalk 5. Which organization is part of the US government? a. Federal Communications Commission b. Underwriters Laboratories c. National Fire Protection Association d. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 6. What is the National Fire Protection Associate (NFPA) responsible for? a. Works with cabling and other manufacturers to ensure that electrical devices are safe. b. The development and publication of the National Electric Code. c. Helps promote standardization of electrical components, power wires and cables. d. Responsible for 30 percent of the electrical-engineering, computer and controltechnology literature published in the world today. -2- 09/27/2012 NT1310 Physical Networking 7. A telecommunications...
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...Before you can begin to design a fiber optic cable design, one needs to establish with the user or network owner where the network will be built and what communications signals it will carry. (LANs or Local area network)And security systems use structure cabling systems built around well-defined industry Standards. Many campus carry backbone network used in industrial complexes or Institutions uses as long as 500 m or more cabling requiring optical fiber. Telephone networks are mainly outside the building (OSP) systems, connecting buildings over distances as short as few hundred meters to hundreds or thousands of Kilometers. Data rates for telecom are typically 2.5 to 10 gigabits per second using very high power lasers that operate exclusively over single modes fibers. Designing long distance or outside building application generally means choosing cabling containing singlemode (SM) Fiber over all other media. Many users may opt to use FTTD, as a complete fiber network because its very cost effective solution, negating the requirement for telecom rooms full switches, with data quality power and grounds, plus year-round air conditioning. Also choosing transmission equipment is the next step in designing a fiber optic network. This step will usually be cooperative venture involving the customer, who knows what kind of data they need to communicate, the desiner and installer, and the manufactures of transmission equipment. Also, the hardware must be appropriate for the...
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...Redbird cable services are expanding our territory and soon will be coming to your area! We are a well-established company that has been in business for over 20 years. We provide all of your telecommunication needs. We offer internet, phone and television services all at a great price. We also have cellular phone service available for those of you who would rather have that convenience instead of a landline. We are also the only cable provider in the area that is using all fiber optic cable for greater speed and reliability. We provide many different packages and you can feel free to mix and match the services you want, and of course with Redbird communication there is NEVER any contract to sign. For those of you interest in bundling your services we have many types of packages. You can chose any bundle you want, whether it be two, three, or all four of the services we provide. Our bestselling triple play bundle is $79.00 and includes our basic television which includes 70 channels, home phone with unlimited nationwide calling and 10Mb/s internet service. Our preferred packages, which are our best buys and offer you the MOST options, greatest flexibility, all your television channels in stunning high definition and internet download speeds of up to 100Mb/s start at $109.00. And for new customers who choose one of our preferred options we will include FREE HBO for the first 3 months. Our customer service is rated Number 1 (Rating The cable companies, 2014) in the industry...
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...WHEN INSTALLING CABLES FOR A WORK PLACE OR A HOME, ONE OF THE MOST INPORTANT THINGS TO CONSIDER IS SAFTY. IF YOU INSTALL THE CHEAPEST CABLES YOU CAN FINE, THAT WOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO BE UP TO STANDARD WHEN IT COMES TO SAFTY CODES. YOU ARE GOING TO FIND THAT THESE TYPE OF CABLES WILL SERVE ITS PURPOSE, BUT IF THERE IS A FIRE, CABLES LIKE THIS WILL BURN LIKE CRAZY. AT THE VERY LEAST, YOU SHOULD GET RISER FIRE RATED CABLES. RISER CABLES MEET THE SAFTY STANDARD REQUIREMENTS. PLENUM CABLES WOULD BE EVEN BETTER, BUT THEY WOULD COST YOU MORE MONEY. ANOTHER THING YOU WOULD HAVE TO CONSIDER IS WHAT TYPES OF CABLES YOU ARE ACTUALLY USING. IF YOU ARE USING CAT 5E HORIZONTAL CABLES, THIS WOULD GIVE YOU 1000 Mbps. THIS MEANS THAT YOUR BACKBONE CABLE WOULD NEED TO HAVE A TRANSFER RATE THAT’S 10 TIMES FASTER. YOU WOULD NOW NEED TO HAVE A CAT 7A OR A FIBER OPTIC CABLE AS YOUR BACKBONE TO GET THE TRANSFER RATE TO 10,000 Mbps OR HIGHER. IF IT’S NOT DONE THIS WAY WHAT YOU WOULD END UP WITH IS A BOTTLE NECK, WHICH WOULD END UP SLOWING YOUR NETWORK WAY DOWN, THIS WOULD MAKE YOUR NETWORK VERY DIFFICULT TO WORK WITH. THE REASON WHY IT WORKS THIS WAY IS BECAUSE CHANCES ARE YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE MULTIPLE WORK STATIONS ON YOUR NETWORK. ALL WORK STATIONS REQUIRE THERE OWN BACKBONE CABLE. SO NOW IMAGINE IN A BUSINESS 20 WORKSTATIONS ON THE NETWORK ALL RUNNING HORIZONTAL CABLES RUNNING AT 1000Mbps, AND THERE ALL FEEDING INTO THE BACKBONE CABLE THAT IS ALSO RUNNING AT 1000Mbps. IT’S...
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...Definitions 1. Application (in terms of cabling infrastructure) – A system the transmission method of which is supported by telecommunications cabling, such as a 100base-TX Ethernet, or digital voice. 2. Unshielded Twisted-Pair – (UTP) a pair of copper wires twisted together with no electromagnetic shielding around them. Each wire pair is twisted many times per foot to cancel out electrical signal. 3. Shielded Twisted-Pair – A type of twisted pair cable in which the pairs are enclosed in an outer braided shield, although individual pairs may also be shielded. 4. Fiber-Optic Cable - An optical fiber cable is a cable containing one or more optical fibers. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment where the cable will be deployed. Optical fiber consists of a core and a cladding layer, selected for total internal reflection due to the difference in the refractive index between the two 5. Dark Fiber – An unused fiber; a fiber carrying no light. Common when extra fiber capacity is installed. 6. Coaxial Cable - commonly used for cable TV and old Ethernet; it is called coaxial because it has a single conductor surrounded by insulation and then a layer of shielding (which is also a conductor). 7. Plenum – the empty space between walls and drop ceilings 8. Riser – A space for indoor cables that allow cables to pass between floors, normally a vertical...
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...MIDTERM 1. Cables a. UTP, STP, FO 2. What logarithmic ratio of power b. Decibels 3. Thing that contribute to attenuation c. compacidence, resistance, impedance 4. Crosstalk – d. Far End, Low End and mutual cross talk, pair to pair 5. NFPA e. To protect the people, property and Environment from fire damage 6. Other terms for communication room f. Network Closet, telecommunications room/closet 7. What is backbone cabling 8. Know network topology’s 9. Which is not common network used now g. Bus to Bus Topology 10. 10BaseT ? what it does and how it works 11. NEC article 800.100 ? 12. Why important to know electrical and building codes h. To protect the people, property and Environment from fire damage 13. What is weakest link in cable network i. Patch Cable 14. Full equipment cabinet j. Physical Security, Protection from EMI and 15. What do we use punch down blocks for k. To cross connect network equipment 16. Add twisted pair to cable what tool do I use l. Crimper 17. What tool used for running cable through walls m. Fish tape, cable lubricant, 18. What is cable tone used for n. To make sure of proper cable installation 19. Why use wire cable lubricant o. To make it easier for the cable to be pulled over different and rough surfaces 20. What other tools used 21. Diff btwn a tip and ring...
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...1. Application: Application is the term used within the Information Technology industry to reference software. The software can be for the end user which is known as the application software or it can be a Systems application software. 2. Unshielded twisted-pair: UTP, is also known as Category 5, and or Category 6. Consisting of 2 twisted pair of copper wire. UTP is the main type of cable used in LAN topography. 3. Shielded Twisted-Pair: Is similar to UTP, the main difference is that it is has an additional layer of shielding, this shield helps in preventing EMI, and other interference. STP is great application when a cable is being applied near power lines, metal pipes and is not in protected by plenum or conduit. 4. Fiber Optic Cable: Is a great long distance cable. There is Single mode, in which laser is transmitted and there is multimode, in which LED is transmitted. Both fiber cables are use to cover great distances up to allow data to traverse the fiber optic cable near the speed of light. 5. Dark Fiber is fiber optic cable is this idle and is not currently being used. 6. Coaxial Cable is an older cable that has a grounding copper core that is surrounded by a plastic protective insulating sheath, and then a protective grounding shield, and then there is the black outer protective plastic covering. 7. Plenum is a space or area that is intentional provided to allow for cables, pipes, tubing and other various plumbing. This space is typically...
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...Unit 3. Assignment 1. Network Topology Paper In: Computers and Technology Hierarchical layout defines how the network topology is structured physically and logically. In physical topology all devices and components are placed in various locations depending on the layout. Logical topology is the flow of data throughout the layout. There are many variations of network topologies that can be implemented. The most common network topologies are star, bus, and ring. Star topology is setup with each host connected to a central hub with a point to point connection. All workstation and other devices are connected to the central hub or switch. That switch is the server and all devices connected to it are clients. All resources must be connected to a central device in order for it to be a star topology. Data that travels in the network passes through the central hub and causes it to act as a signal repeater. The advantages of a star topology are that it is easy to design and versatile in planting additional nodes. The major disadvantage of the star topology is that the hub becomes the single point of failure. Bus topology utilizes a single bus cable to connect each computer and the data from the source travels in both directions to all devices on the bus cable until it finds the specific client. Data is only accepted if the addresses matched up and if it doesn’t match, it’s simply ignored. The last computer connected to the bus needs to be terminated to prevent echoes in the network...
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...Unit 1 Assignment 1 . Voice vs Data Cell Phones – any portable telephone that uses cellular network technology to make and receive calls. The name comes from the cell-like structure of these networks(1) Voice / Data - Newest phones allow voice and data Landline Phones - A landline or land line refers to the telephone cables that pass over the land (as compared to undersea cable and to wireless transmission) to ensure communication. A landline phone is commonly the type of phone you user with your PSTN or plain old telephone system (POTS). This is often used in contrast with mobile phone or VoIP phone. Voice /Data - One copper wire serves as the data connection while the other wire supplies the phone with power. SMS / Text Messaging - SMS stands for short message service. Simply put, it is a method of communication that sends text between cell phones, or from a PC or handheld to a cell phone. The "short" part refers to the maximum size of the text messages: 160 characters. Voice / Data – Data Fax Machines - A device that sends and receives printed pages or images over telephone lines by converting them to and from electronic signals. Voice / Data – Data Pagers - There are basically two types of pagers. The most common version of pager works basically the same way a radio does; it receives transmitted radio waves from an outside source. It takes the energy transmitted via radio wave and converts it into electrical impulse. Voice / Data – Data VOIP ( voice over ip ) phones...
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...Unit 1 Exercise When using an application that sends data, such as your Web browser, email client, instant messenger or a game, you are at the highest level of data transfer known as the "application layer." This layer is the application's human interface, where commands for sending and receiving data can be initiated by the user who clicks a link or makes a move in a computer game. This layer handles many services including file transfer protocols, email protocols, domain naming and dynamic host configuration. After information has been made more computer friendly, or vice versa when receiving data, a connection must be made with the destination host, whether a Web server, another computer on the network or a device such as a networked printer. Various services are used at this layer; but no matter the technology used, the basic principle is the same. The computer sends a small amount of data requesting a connection to the destination. This data is routed to the destination by lower-layer processes, and then a reply is sent to the computer. This reply may be "OK, you can send me data now," "the destination could not be found" or "OK, but first I need a password." The presentation layer translates this information and the application layer will ask the user for a password, communicate an error or acknowledge that a connection has been made. When the connection is established, the transport layer determines what type of data...
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...1. Cell phones use voice and data networks. When you make a phone call that would be voice. When you receive a text message, or surf the internet that requires a data network. 2. Landline phones use voice networks. Different from cell phones because all you can do is make a phone call. There is no receiving of data. 3. Fax machines would use data networks. On one end a person sends information and on the other end the person receives the information (data). Data is sent back and forth. 4. Pagers would be a data network. A person places a call and enters their number which is sent to the pager. The pager then displays the data received for the customer to view. 5. VOIP phones use a data network. The customers’ voice and any other data is sent in packets through an IP network. When using VOIP on a phone, because information is sent via data packets, the user can run into problems such as the session frequently stop and going mid conversation because data packets may have been lost along the way. (Wikipedia, 2011) 6. Skype/facetime both use data networks. They both require an internet connection to work. They both work the same way as explained above regarding VOIP phones. They both send data packets via the internet from user to user. (Poirier, unknown) Works Cited Poirier, A. (unknown). Facetime Vs. Skype. (eHow Contributor) http://www.ehow.com/info_8639709_facetime-vs-skype.html. Wikipedia. (2011). Voice over IP. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP...
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...Pros and cons of cellular networks Pros: Increased efficiency and improved data communications lead to faster transfer of information within businesses and between partners and customers. They have better coverage because wireless technology enables the user to communicate while on the go. You don't need extra cables or adaptors to access office networks. Flexibility- Office-based wireless workers can be networked without sitting at dedicated computers, and can continue to do productive work while away from the office. This can lead to new styles of working, such as home working or direct access to corporate data while on customer sites. Cost savings-Wireless networks can be easier and cheaper to install, especially in listed buildings or in apartments. Better opportunities-Wireless networking could allow you to offer new products or services. Most airports, train stations, hotels, cafes and restaurants have installed 'hot spot' wireless networking services to allow mobile users to connect their equipment to their 'home' offices while travelling. Cons: Security- Wireless transmission is more vulnerable to attack by unauthorized users, so you have to have better security. Installation problems- You may suffer interference if others in the same building also use wireless technology or where other sources of radio signals are present. This could lead to poor communication or loss of wireless communication altogether. Coverage- In some buildings getting consistent coverage can be...
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