...Nick Sylvester English 110 Dr. Christopher 11/4/2013 Tobacco Use Is it possible to place a given value on time? According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention, smoking a single cigarette removes an estimated fourteen minutes from the average person’s lifespan. It should be obvious that time is precious and should not be thrown away after every cigarette. However, forty-three million people in the United States still make the decision to smoke habitually. In the modern American society, the dangerous of tobacco use has become moderately common knowledge. It is strongly reinforced through education, the media, and impacting examples. If an individual is given this knowledge, it is difficult to discover proper rationale for the desire or continuation of tobacco use. Despite the present facts, tobacco is still used by a mass amount of Americans, and remains to be one of the leading killers in the country. In spite of the efforts to raise awareness, exponential amounts of people still indulge in smoking and chewing tobacco. Tobacco may cause serious and fatal health risks for the user and those who may obtain it unintentionally from secondhand smoke, and may cause serious problems psychologically, physically, and hygienically. Smoking tobacco indisputably leads to many different health risks and seriously increases a person’s opportunity to develop a wide range of diseases. According to the Centers for Disease and Control Prevention, smoking damages...
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...These pitfall traps consisted of open, cone-shaped Styrofoam collection cups fastened to a base. More specifically, three, random, one square metre sections, 1 m x 1 m, were sectioned via twigs and tape and outlined in each site under the dominant tree species at that site, resulting in a total of six, one square metre quadrats. At each quadrat, a shallow hole was dug into the soil, sufficient enough for the upper edges of the cup to be flush the surrounding soil surface as to facilitate the trapping of ground arthropods. Each cup, as mentioned earlier, was held vertically stable by a base apparatus. Each cup was subsequently filled halfway with 70% ethanol, 10% glycerine, and water. The glycerine was used to attract and immobilize the arthropods, while ethanol was used to kill the trapped arthropods. Every week, the traps were inspected, and any arthropods within were collected and identified using a provided guild manual. The traps were then reset and re-filled with the appropriate amount of solution. To characterize site diversity, the Simpson index was used, where D is the diversity index (0 to 1, 0 being the most diverse), S is the number of species, i denotes the ith species, ni is the quantity of the ith species, and N is the total number of species for a particular...
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...The rapid outbreak of the Black Death had dire effects on the already unstable economy. The economy suffered extreme inflation throughout. As the number of deaths increased, the amount of labor and commodities decreased. Therefore, the price of goods and services sharply rose, making it near impossible to obtain either one. In addition to the scarceness and the costliness of manufactured goods, the plague had catastrophic effects on livestock and the annual production of crops as well. The fickle disposition of the disease made it impossible to predict the yield of a harvest, making the price of agricultural products such as wheat and oats rise significantly resulting in mass starvation. The labor shortages that occurred shortly after the plague emerged caused social unrest among those of the lower and upper classes that resulted in violence. From the outset, the price of wages rose as the number of workers available diminished. While this greatly appeased the serfs, landlords and nobles remained dissatisfied and enraged as established by Schneider, “ Following the Black Death, labour shortages forced wages up, and landlords had a harder time maintaining the workforce on their manors.” (Schneider, 69). In a vain...
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...COSTS The Effects Of Obesity, Smoking, And Drinking On Medical Problems And Costs Obesity outranks both smoking and drinking in its deleterious effects on health and health costs. by Roland Sturm ABSTRACT: This paper compares the effects of obesity, overweight, smoking, and problem drinking on health care use and health status based on national survey data. Obesity has roughly the same association with chronic health conditions as does twenty years’ aging; this greatly exceeds the associations of smoking or problem drinking. Utilization effects mirrors the health effects. Obesity is associated with a 36 percent increase in inpatient and outpatient spending and a 77 percent increase in medications, compared with a 21 percent increase in inpatient and outpatient spending and a 28 percent increase in medications for current smokers and smaller effects for problem drinkers. Nevertheless, the latter two groups have received more consistent attention in recent decades in clinical practice and public health policy. M a n y b e h a v i o r a l r i s k f a c t o r s , chief among them smoking, heavy drinking, and obesity, are known causes of chronic health conditions. Chronic health conditions, like cancer, diabetes, or heart disease, in turn are primary drivers of health care spending, disability, and death. This paper compares the associations of smoking, problem drinking, and obesity with health care use and chronic conditions. All three risk factors are...
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...Television News Program Analysis COM/310 July 15th, 2014 The following paper evaluates and analyzes a news story broadcast by three different networks on January 28, 2012, that became one of the first world disasters that made me start to rethink my view of the media and their biases and responsibilities to their community. How the story was covered, presented, and ultimately how the programs affected my personal values will be discussed. The three news networks chosen for this paper are BBC, CBS, and CNN. A Costa Concordia cruise ship capsized near Giglio, Italy on January 13, 2012. Today, January 28th, divers continue to seek out missing passengers, charges are being filed against the ship’s captain, and lawsuits on behalf of passengers and crew are mounting. BBC News Network (January 28, 2012 – Giglio, Italy) According to a BBC (2012) reporter, the body of a woman has been found in the capsized ship, Costa Concordia, bringing the known death count to 12. The woman was wearing a life jacket and located on the fourth deck. Out of 4,200 people, including passengers and crew, twenty people have not been accounted for. Captain of the ship, Francesco Schettino (or Capt. Coward, as he has been dubbed by the media), is being investigated for manslaughter on the legal level and for abandoning ship on moral and ethical issues. The female body found today was located in an area near the rear of the ship designated as an evacuation meeting point. DNA will be used to identify...
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...extensive marketing and development. Indeed, the start of the 21st century witnessed various growing tourism trends that other nations followed and applied. Among these are the developments observed in global tourism’s latest visitor attractions. Thus, in this brief essay, the different tourism trends worldwide will be described. How these trends had affected the latest visitor attractions will also be discussed. Latest Trends Sports Tourism Sports in general have been an important aspect of global culture; it is in the conduction of sports where language and cultural barriers are replaced by the universal eagerness for such activities. Recently, several sports activities are being held in different countries, which in turn attracted a number of tourists. Diving, golf and yachting are some of the latest activities under sports tourism that are attracting a significant travel market portion, particularly in Europe, Unites States and Japan. The growing interest of foreign travelers for sports attractions is further stressed by the results of a statistical report where 62% of international tourism...
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...Effects of Mass Media Paper The major developments in the evolution of mass media during the last century included, internet, cell phones, books, radio, movies and magazines. |In the early 1900’s newspaper and magazine were the main sources of mass media. In the 1940's, the radio supplied a new source to reach the masses. Newspapers were still in demand and still used often. In the 1950s, television became a main source of resources for the mass media. The television was a combination of the radio and the newspaper and people embellished it. In 1962, the launch of a satellite gave access to worldwide news. Media messages are created for specific purposes. Commercial radio stations divide people by age, gender and sometimes race. Demographic is used to sell products to people. On the internet, you can make a website for free. You can share pictures, talk about your favorite things and even discuss all sorts of events. Textbooks are important resources, but they are still products sold by publishing companies to make a profit. We are able to connect with people all over the world just by phone or internet. Through the twenty-first century, the power of the media has shifted away from newspapers and radio to television. More recently, devices such as, laptops, Ipads, and smartphones allow people to view magazine articles, radio programs, songs, TV shows, and movies, from almost anywhere they want. The average person is exposed to over 3000 messages each day. All media messages...
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...Role and Effects of Leptin on Obese Patients Tanner A. David University of Phoenix Abstract The roles of the hormones, both leptin and ghrelin, will be explored. One hundred and twenty obese individuals will be split up into two groups depending on their BMI percentage, (30-40) and (41-50). A self-injection of placebo, 1 mg or 3 mg of leptin per kilogram of body weight will be given to each participant. They will have blood levels draw with a combined weigh in and will write in their journals daily. It is predicted that 1 mg and 3 mg per kilogram of body weight, of Leptin will reduce body weight within the smaller BMI percentage group of 30-40 but no significance in the larger BMI group 41-50 due to a higher chance of leptin resistance. Role and Effects of Leptin on Obese Patients Leptin and ghrelin are both hormones that play a crucial role in an individual’s appetite, weight control, and glucose homeostasis. Leptin is formed by mature adipocytes in a quantity which associates positively with the mass of the adipose tissue (Otto-Buczkowska & Chobot, Part II, 2012). It first crosses the blood-brain barriers to the central nervous system (CNS), where it activates the autonomic nervous system and binds to receptors in the brain that ultimately tells the body how much to eat and inhibits ones appetite. Leptin’s position in the CNS is to suppress food intake and stimulate energy outflow. It is “primarily synthesized and secreted by white adipose tissue (WAT) which decreases...
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...Beonka Robinson April 24, 2012 Women’s Studies 301 Anorexia A common disease afflicting an enormous number of young Americans is anorexia. While other mischiefs are characterized by the over consumption or the misuse of a product, anorexia is described as an anti-consumption behavior. In this paper, I will discuss what anorexia is, who takes part in it, how it related to race/ethnicity, and the effects of mass media. Anorexia is an eating disorder defined by excessive food restriction, illogical fear of gaining weight, and a misleading negative body self-perception (Nogal & Lewinski, 2008). The disorder naturally consists of extreme weight loss. It is frequently developed during adolescence and early adulthood. People with this disorder constrain the amount of food they consume because of the fear of gaining weight to live up to the delusion of a “perfect person” which does not exist. This causes metabolic and hormonal disorders that may cause long-term effect to the body (Carlson & Heth, 2007). Anorexia is a medical term for the lack of appetite. On the other hand, people with anorexia do not lose their appetites. It has many complex allegations and may be thought of as a constant illness that may never be truly cured, but only managed over time. Anorexia is characterized by low body weight, inappropriate eating habits, and obsession with having a thin figure. Those who suffer from it may also practice repeated weighing, measuring, and mirror gazing, in conjunction...
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...Indian hemp is the least profitable because it only contains 1% THC and grown naturally. Commercial grade contains THC levels of 8-9%, and sinsemilla at 15-17%. Commercial grade is easier to cultivate which is why it is more common than sinsemilla. Marijuana is grown mostly in tropical areas where the weather is better for mass cultivation. Marijuana comes from domestic and international sources. A mass amount of the weed that enters the United States is from Mexico and Canada. It is also grown in the United States for everyday use. Weed is grown both indoors and outdoors, and is sold by individuals rather than organized crime groups (Odabasi,...
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... There are a number of different forms of eating disorders. Anorexia Nervosa, commonly referred to as anorexia, is an eating disorder characterized by reduced appetite or total aversion of food. The first type of anorexia, called restricting type, is found in those who severely limit their caloric intake and exercise to excess to cause weight loss. The second type of the disorder is called binge eating and/or purging. These anorexics eat in binges and then purge the body of the ingested food either by self induced vomiting, the ingestion of large quantities of laxatives or the overuse of diuretics and enemas to rid the body of food. Bulimia nervosa is characterized by recurrent and frequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food (e.g., binge-eating), and feeling a lack of control over the eating. Binge Eating is characterized by insatiable cravings that can occur any time of the day or night, usually secretive, and filled with shame. There are also eating disorders not otherwise specified. It is the category for people who do not meet the strict criteria for either Anorexia or Bulimia Nervosa, but who have significant concerns about eating and body image (ANAD, 2014). Eating disorders affect a wide range of individuals. This severe mental illness does not discriminate on gender, race, ethnicity, age or sexual orientation. Woman and men suffer from the disease. One in two hundred American women suffer from anorexia and two to three in one hundred...
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...THE IMPACT OF ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISION. (A study of GIJ students) E. K. BONNEY 2014 TABLE OF CONTENT TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................................................... i LIST OF TABLES, PLATES AND FIGURE ....................................................................................... iii ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND DEDICATION ................................................................................. v ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................................... vi CHAPTER ONE ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. BACKGROUND STATEMENT ............................................................................................ 1 1.2. PROBLEM STATEMENT ..................................................................................................... 9 1.3. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES / AIMS .................................................................................... 10 1...
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...It is shocking and depressing to ever hear stories about accidental gun deaths or suicide. However, these stories could be diminished with gun laws that make it harder for people to have access to or be around the deadly weapons. There are more than twenty-two million children currently living in homes with guns in the United States. This number becomes a problem when children are uneducated on gun safety and their dangers. Nearly 1,500 children younger than eighteen die from shootings each year. A majority of these death are accidental deaths in a home with a gun (Schaechter). Suicide could also be reduced with tighter gun control. Some gun control laws would make it harder for people with mental health issues to come into possession with...
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...is a plant that can grow almost anywhere in the world. It’s a mild hallucinogen that when used, causes a temporary high and the sense of euphoria. Although there is currently a war on Marijuana, through the government's upholding of the law, and a large amount of the American population to overturn the legalization of Marijuana that took place originally in the 1930’s. In view of mass immigration of Mexican immigrants, using “Marihuana” as they referred to it along with came a bad reputation for cannabis. Doctors Malik Burnett and Amanda Reiman even went as far to say “claims were made about marijuana’s...
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...on a 23-8 vote and signed by California Governor Jerry Brown on Wednesday September 30th. The bill was brought to light after twenty two year old Elliot Rodgers legally bought three semi-automatic rifles with intent to shoot University of Santa Barbara students killing six students and taking his own life. Prevailing law declares those that have been admitted to a mental health institution are denied the right to purchase firearms under the circumstances of: a certified therapist alerts the police that the individual is a danger to themselves and others, the individual has been previously been convicted of a felony or a misdemeanor, have under gone a...
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