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Nutrition Final Exam Study Guide

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Submitted By hanxlee
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Final Exam Review
NUTR 295 – Fall 2013

NEW MATERIAL: 100 points (~50 questions)

Understanding Disease Risk Factors * Describe the differences between a chronic disease and infectious disease. * What leading causes of death are nutrition-related?
A) heart diseases, cancers, strokes, diabetes * Describe the concept of a risk factor.
A) Factors known to be related to diseases, but have not yet proven to be a cause. We say that a certain factor puts us at increased risk for a disease, but does not cause it. * How does one use risk factors? * Review the basics of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. * Be ready to identify the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (especially diet-related risk factors!)
A) High LDL blood cholesterol, low HDL blood cholesterol, high blood pressure (hypertension), diabetes, obesity (central obesity), physical inactivity, cigarette smoking, diet: high saturated or trans fats, low veggies, low fruits, low whole grains * Describe the dietary strategies to reduce risk of CVD through diet.
A) Decrease saturated and trans fat, increase soluble fiber intake, increase fruits and veggies, increase whole grains/ decrease refined grains, increase fish intake (2 servings/week) * What is the TLC diet and what does it entail?
A) TLC = Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes. From the NIH, designed to help decrease cholesterol through diet and lifestyle changes: the same changes we saw in table 11.6, also recommends 2 grams per day of plant sterols * What do plant sterols have to do with high blood cholesterol?
A) Plant sterols – the plant form of cholesterol.
Slightly chemically different, prevent us from absorbing cholesterol in the intestines, currently only recommended for those with high cholesterol

Weight Management * What is meant by the concept of ‘energy balance’?
A) Intake =

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