...MY BIOLOGY S.B.A Lab #1 Topic: Classification Aim: To classify organisms into groups Apparatus: Method: A list of 10 organisms in my school environment was made and observed. A table was constructed to show the organism and their visible characteristics. Another table was constructed to show the kingdom, phylum and class to which the organisms belong. Observation Organism | Visible Characteristics | Bird | They are vertebrates with a pair of wings. They also have a beak | Cat | They are vertebrates that have sharp claws, a smooth coat of hair (fur) and panted teeth | Earth Worm | Has a long, ring-like segmental body, lives in the soil, has a clitellum | Lizard | Has a scaly skin, 2 pairs of legs | Crab | Has a hard exo-skeleton, has claws, four pairs of jointed legs, seen in wet places | | | Plants | | Pine | Has stems, roots and leaves, produces seed that grow inside cones | Fern | Has roots, stems and leaves, has spores on the underside of the leaves, does not have flower | Hibiscus | Produces flowers, has root, stems and leaves | Leaf of Life | Does not produce flower, has roots, stems and leaves | Mahogany | Has roots, Stems and leaves | | Organism | Kingdom | Phylum | Class | 1 | Bird | Animalia | Chordata | Ares | 2 | Cat | Animalia | Chordata | Mammalia | 3 | Earthworm | Animalia | Chordata | | 4 | Lizard | Animalia | Chordata | Reptilia | 5 | Crab | Animalia | Chordata | Crustacea | Plants 1 | Pine | Plantae...
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...BIOLOGY 10 Introduction to Biology Laboratory Manual Prepared by: KLLabrador Table of Contents |Exercise |Title |Page No. | |1 |Observation and Description |2 | |2 |Formulation, Testing of Hypothesis, |6 | | |and Experimental Design | | |3 |The Use of Models and Controls |9 | |4 |Plant and Animal Tissues |14 | |5 |Cellular Respiration |22 | |6 |Photosynthesis |27 | |7 |Phylogeny and Systematics: Survey of Plant and Animal Families |30 | | ...
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...Table of Contents Abstract 2 Introduction 2 The Fire Problem 2 Methodology 5 Results and discussion 6 Processes of flame spread 7 Diffusion flame spread 8 Thermal Model 8 Transition to Turbulence 10 References 13 Abstract The fires problem is one of the hazard pose a threat to life and property. Flames behave differently under various conditions which include: the oxygen available, combustible material, orientation of surfaces, etc. this a complex phenomena which is influenced by multiple factors that includes ignition, heat release rate, flame spread and the generation of different products of combustion like carbon IV oxide and carbon II oxide. The research was performed by studying various sources in the library and in the internet and also performing experiments to simulate a real life situation. Introduction The Fire Problem The flammability of a material is a complex event which is influenced by multiple factors that includes ignition, heat release rate, flame spread and the generation of different products of combustion like carbon IV oxide and carbon II oxide. In order to better protect the people and property from risk posed by the unwanted fires, it become necessary to understands all these factors under different conditions. Babrauskas and Vytenis 1992 suggested that heat release rate is the main variable in fire hazard; but Kashiwagi and Ito argued effectively that, the flame spread over the surface...
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...University of Bremen, D-28359, Bremen, Germany c Institute of Instrumentation, D.A. University, Khandwa Road, Indore 452017, India Received 16 March 2001; accepted 25 June 2001 Abstract An experimental dryer was developed for determining the kinetics of black tea drying. Drying characteristics of tea were examined using heated ambient air for the temperature range 80–120°C and air flow velocity range 0.25–0.65 m/s. The data of sample weight, dry- and wet-bulb temperatures and air velocity of the drying air were recorded continuously during each test. The drying data were then fitted to the different semi-theoretical models such as Lewis, Page, modified Page, two-term and Henderson and Pabis models, based on the ratios of the difference between the initial and final moisture contents and the equilibrium moisture content. The Lewis model gave better predictions than other models, and satisfactorily described the thin-layer drying characteristics of black tea particles. The effective diffusivity varied from 1:14 Â 10À11 to 2:98 Â 10À11 m2 /s over the temperature range. The temperature dependence of the diffusivity coefficient was described by the Arrhenius-type relationship. The activation energy for moisture diffusion was found to be 406.02 kJ/mol. Temperature and air velocity dependence on drying constant was described by the Arrheniustype and Power-type relationships. The coefficients of determination were above 0.996 for both relationships. The Arrhenius-type model was used to predict the acceptable...
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...The use of Social Media channels for public relations purposes has become increasingly popular in recent years; organisations use a variety of channels in order to effectively communicate with their publics. The NSW RSPCA demonstrates how a not-for-profit organisation can utilise several social media channels to successfully enhance and maintain their reputation as well as relating with their publics. The methods in which the NSW RSPCA uses social media to connect with their publics can be correlated with several public relations theories; Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, two of Grunig’s four Public Relations models – Public Information and Two-Way Symmetrical models, the Diffusion of Innovation Theory and the Social Learning Theory are just a few of the theories that can be applied to the use of social media for Public Relations purposes by the NSW RSPCA. The NSW Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) was founded in Sydney in 1873. The organisation receives less than 2% funding from the government, therefore relying on donations and fundraisers to effectively maintain their 40 shelters (RSPCA NSW, nd). The RSPCA have embraced the new age technology of social media, and combine their integral website with several social media channels (digitalbusiness.gov.au, 2012 [3]), the most popular of which being Facebook, Twitter and YouTube, which as of July 2013 the organisation had over 54, 000 ‘likes’ on Facebook (RSPCA NSW Facebook, nd), over 6, 000 ‘followers’...
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...at: Email Alerts: http://rer.aera.net/alerts Subscriptions: http://rer.aera.net/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.aera.net/reprints Permissions: http://www.aera.net/permissions Downloaded from http://rer.aera.net at UNIV OF SOUTH FLORIDA on February 10, 2011 Review of Educational Research June 2009, Vol. 79, No. 2, pp. 625–649 DOI: 10.3102/0034654308325896 © 2009 AERA. http://rer.aera.net Understanding Technology Adoption: Theory and Future Directions for Informal Learning Evan T. Straub The Ohio State University How and why individuals adopt innovations has motivated a great deal of research. This article examines individuals’ computing adoption processes through the lenses of three adoption theories: Rogers’s innovation diffusion theory, the Concerns-Based Adoption Model, the Technology Acceptance Model, and the United Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. Incorporating all three models, this article suggests technology adoption is a complex, inherently social, developmental process; individuals construct unique yet malleable perceptions of technology that influence their adoption decisions. Thus, successfully facilitating technology adoption must address cognitive, emotional, and contextual concerns. This article also focuses specific attention on adoption theory outside of a formal organization and the implications of adoption theory on...
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...Clara Skepple Miranda Wilby, Sarah Cavanagh Thursday, March 3 2016 Observing Diffusion and Osmosis INTRODUCTION: Related Theory: The cell membrane is the outermost boundary of the cell, made up of proteins and lipids. This membrane holds the cell together and establishes the movement of materials that go into and out of the cell. This is a selectively permeable membrane: a barrier that allows some molecules to pass through, but prevents other molecules from penetrating (1). Passive transport is the movement of materials across a cell membrane without the use of energy from the cell. One type of passive transport is diffusion. Diffusion involves the movement of molecules from an area with a higher concentration to one with a lower concentration (1). Diffusion is affected by many things; temperature, concentration and pressure. It disperses until molecules are equally distributed within a space. Osmosis is diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane. Water will diffuse from the place with higher concentration to the place with a lower concentration. Water goes through the concentration gradient. Which is when molecules without energy diffuse from the place with higher concentration to the one with lower (1). The ability to diffuse through water all depends on the size of the molecule as well. For example, starch is a large molecule therefor it should not fit through the cells membrane. Starch is a polysaccharide because it is comprised of lots of sugars. Individually...
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...points that McNeill takes issue with. Diamond says that the domestication of plants and animals tends to be concentrated in a few, favorable areas on each continent, and that it is diffusion (along with migration) that allows this to spread to other parts of the continent. He contends that these rates were much higher in Eurasia because of its major east-west axis, as well as its manageable physical characteristics, such as geographical barriers (Diamond, 390). Geographical barriers, such as mountains and inhospitable climates, are obvious deterrents to migration and diffusion of many species; this is hard to deny. McNeill, however, is thoroughly unconvinced by Diamond’s suggestion that East-West axes eased migration (McNeill, 171). His evidence is nearly as convincing as Diamond’s, but in his attempt to undermine the pro-East-West argument he highlights a point that shifts both sides of the dispute into a new light. “The spread of useful species,” McNeill writes, “was usually a conscious act” (McNeill, 172). This line pinpoints the main issue; it’s likely that neither side is entirely right or entirely wrong. Even McNeill cedes to Diamond’s point regarding how necessary genetic adaptation (due to change in day-lengths) would make North-South migration of some plants slow, favoring East-West diffusion. He’s not persuaded that the spread of...
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...consensus that IT has significant effects on the productivity of firms. These effects will only be realized if, and when, IT are widely spread and used. It is essential to understand the determinants of IT adoption. Consequently it is necessary to know the theoretical models. There are few reviews in the literature about the comparison of IT adoption models at the individual level, and to the best of our knowledge there are even fewer at the firm level. This review will fill this gap. In this study, we review theories for adoption models at the firm level used in information systems literature and discuss two prominent models: diffusion on innovation (DOI) theory, and the technology, organization, and environment (TOE) framework. The DOI found that individual characteristics, internal characteristics of organizational structure, and external characteristics of the organization are important antecedents to organizational innovativeness. The TOE framework identifies three aspects of an enterprise's context that influence the process by which it adopts and implements a technological innovation: technological context, organizational context, and environmental context. We made a thorough analysis of the TOE framework, analysing the studies that used only this theory and the studies that combine the TOE framework with other theories such as: DOI, institutional theory, and the Iacovou, Benbasat, and Dexter model. The institutional theory helps us to understand the factors that influence...
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...Name: Your student Number: Faculty of Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Practical Skills Practical Skills 4AB012/4BM005/4BM013/4PY008 Practical Session Laboratory Hand Book Basic Microbiology 2013-2014 Practical Sessions 1 – 5 Welcome and Some notes about this Hand book This booklet is your guide to the next 5 practical sessions. It contains all the methods that you need to complete each of the experiments you will carry out step by step. You must refer to these methods during the sessions as the ability to follow a standard method carefully and accurately is an essential skill that any scientist must learn. Other than the various methods the booklet also contains space to record the data you will gather during each of the sessions. This will be used later to share with the group so it is essential that you accurately and neatly complete the tables or write in the spaces provided without doodling or scribbling on the pages. You will also notice there may be a series of formative questions following each section. These will help you consolidate your knowledge and some preparation towards your final course work submission and exam. Finally, keep this book clean and tidy and it will be an invaluable source of information for the next few years on your degree course. We hope you enjoy the practical sessions after all it’s what science is all about. All the best The Module team xxx ...
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...of society, and of culture. Ethnography is a field of anthropological research based on direct observation of and reporting on a people’s way of life. Cultural groups, such as communities, tribes, or dialect groups. However, classes or institutions within complex urban societies are also subjects of study. Ethnography consists of two phases: the process of observing and recording data, usually called fieldwork, followed by the preparation of a written description and analysis of the subject under study. Originally, ethnographic studies often included random anecdotes and facts about so-called primitive peoples whose way of life was thought to be disappearing. As the field of anthropology became more professional, however, ethnography became more systematic, and ethnographers attempted to interrelate the various aspects of a way of life. In recent years ethnography has become more specialized. Sometimes it involves studying small segments of large societies or focuses on specific, practical, or theoretical problems in anthropology. In conducting an ethnographic study, an anthropologist usually visits or lives for an extended period of time in a society that is not his or her own. The ethnographer’s research can then be used to test social scientific propositions, to add to the body of literature on human societies in general, and to inform others about the culture under observation—its workings and its problems. Ethnographic film is another form of documentation (see documentary...
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...Week One Content Outline TOPIC and Objectives CELL BIOLOGY • Apply the scientific method to creating hypotheses and experiments. • Recognize the fundamental concepts of chemistry in biology. • Describe the energy metabolism of cells. • Compare structures and functions of different cell types. Content outline 1. WHAT IS SCIENCE? a. Science comes from the Latin for “to know.” b. Based on inquiry 1) Discovery science 2) Hypothesis-driven science 3) Case studies 4) Scientists use the scientific method to solve science problems. 2. What are the steps of the scientific method? a. Observation b. Hypothesis c. Experiment d. Data collection e. Analysis f. Conclusion g. Communication 3. What is biology? a. Biology means “the study of life.” b. Characteristics of life 1) Complex, organized (hierarchy of biology) a) Atoms b) Molecules c) Macromolecules d) Organelles e) Cells f) Tissues g) Organs h) Organ systems i) Organisms j) Populations k) Communities l) Ecosystems m) Biospheres 2) Grow and reproduce 3) Respond to external stimuli 4) Acquire and use energy and materials and change those into different forms 5) Reproduce using deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) blueprint 6) Homeostasis – actively maintain structure and internal environment 7) Capacity to evolve c. Living organisms abide by the chemical and physical laws of nature. d. Energy systems 1) Photosynthesis in plants: chloroplasts 2) Cellular respiration in animals and plants ...
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...in ADHD are confounded by the inability to control for lifetime-medication use in the sample. Animal data have demonstrated that acute methylphenidate administration can cause significant changes in juveniles. A 2 multi-level analysis of the current literature assessing the structural differences in ADHD with respect to methylphenidate administration is the focus for this review. Methods include: MR structural, MR diffusion, MR spectroscopy, Positron Emission Tomography, and Histology. Based upon this review, the current administration of methylphenidate to young ADHD patients should be reevaluated to account for the uncertainty in medication-induced neurodevelopment. Neuroanatomical Differences in ADHD Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common psychological disorder which impacts a large number of children, adolescence, and even adults. The latest epidemiology, reported by Schmitt et al. (2009) is about 5% (70,000,000 people) worldwide, and ranging from 2-18% in the United States. ADHD diagnosis is given based upon a clinician’s observation of three primary...
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...RESEARCH REPORT: Title: An investigation into the adoption of Digital Terrestrial Television in Gauteng A project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (MTM) In the GRADUATE SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA 09 April 2012 Table of Contents Contents RESEARCH REPORT: 0 Title: An investigation into the adoption of Digital Terrestrial Television in Gauteng 0 Student name 0 Bongane Brian Mabaso 0 Master of Science (MTM) 0 GRADUATE SCHOOL OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT, 0 FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, 0 UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA 0 09 April 2012 0 Table of Contents 1 Abstract i Acknowledgements ii List of Figures iii List of Tables iv List of Acronymns/Definitions/Abbreviations v 1. Background to the research study 1 1.1. Introduction 1 1.1.1. Advantages of Terrestrial Microwave over Satellite 2 1.1.2. Digital Terrestrial Television value chain 4 1.1.3. Benefits of Digital Terrestrial Television to the consumer 5 1.1.4. Benefits of Digital Terrestrial Television to the broadcaster 5 1.1.5. Public broadcaster’s commercial activities 6 1.1.8 International Public Broadcasters 7 1.2. Historical development and current state of the industry...
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...Applying Social Network Interventions in Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Systematic Review Communication 623 Final Paper Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Health Psychology Seminar at Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania by Qijia Chen May 2014 Instructor: Professor John B. Jemmott, Annenberg School for Communication Abstract The current paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature on social network intervention in HIV prevention among MSM. I performed a systematic literature research in multi-lingual databases and located a relatively exhaustive collection of articles on social network interventions in MSM. There is strong evidence that such interventions are efficacious in generating changes in behavioral and psychological constructs that might lead to risk reduction in HIV infection and transmission. This paper identified several urgent issues in the current state of research development, particularly, a lack of theoretical development, an insufficient numbers of methodologically rigorous studies, and an absence of clear conceptual distinctions and implementary recommendations. The review also proposes potential solutions and suggestions for future research. Introduction Men who have sex with men (MSM) comprise the largest proportion of new HIV infections in the USA (CDC, 2011). Efforts to curtail the incidence of HIV infection require that at-risk individuals adopt effective behavioral changes....
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