...‘Celebrity’ 3. Celebrities as Spokespersons 4. Source Credibility and Attractiveness 5. The Match-up Hypothesis 6. The Meaning Transfer Model 7. Multiple Brand and Celebrity Endorsement 8. Conclusion Table of Figures Figure 1: Catherine Zeta-Jones endorsing the brand ‘Elizabeth Arden’ Figure 2: Successful and unsuccessful celebrity endorsements Figure 3: Meaning transfer in the endorsement process Figure 4: Brands endorsed by top model and actress Milla Jovovich Figure 5: Celebrities endorsing the luxury brand ‘Omega’ 2 Introduction The billions of dollars spent per year on celebrity endorsement contracts show that celebrities, like Liz Hurley, Britney Spears and Tiger Woods, play an important role for the advertising industry (Daneshvary and Schwer 2000, Kambitsis et al. 2002). Female athlete Venus Williams, tennis player and Wimbledon championship winner in 2002, for example, has signed a five-year $40 million contract with sportswear manufacturer Reebok International Inc.1 Theory and practice prove that the use of super stars in advertising generates a lot of publicity and attention from the public (Ohanian 1991). The underlying question is, if and how the lively interest of the public in ‘the rich and famous’ can be effectively used by companies to promote their brands and consequently increase revenues. As a first step to answer this question, this paper will examine the relationship between celebrity endorsements and brands, by applying a selection of widely accepted principles...
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...procedures 13 Styles and attributes needed for leadership 27 Trait theory and behavioral theory 27 Acme and Omega Case Study Application 30 The leadership and management style 31 A comparison of leadership and management style 31 The application of leadership and management style in Acme and Omega case 33 Leadership styles in different situations 35 Blake and Mouton’s managerial style 35 LPC contingency theory: different leaders for different situation 38 Situational leadership theory: leaders should adapt to situation 42 The suggestion improvement for Acme and Omega leadership styles 45 Motivation theories and the application 46 Alderfer’s ERG Theory of Motivation 46 Mcgregor’s Theory X and Theory Y 47 Expectancy Theory 49 The application of motivation theories on Acme and Omega case 52 Working effectively in a team 55 References 56 Appendix: Acme and Omega Case Study 59 Introduction The assignment focuses on the recruitment, selection and development of individuals and teams. The employee recruitment and selection practical excises is used for the objectives of the course is to develop the learner’s skills in employee recruitment, selection and retention. The assignment will inform the results from the recruitment. Next chapter of this assignment is the development of leadership style. The application of Acme and Omega Case Study (shown on appendix) on the different leadership theories will be shown to help the understanding about the styles...
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...Some people view research as a movement, a movement from the known to the unknown. It is actually a continuous voyage of discovery where the inquisitiveness of man to probe and attain full and fuller understanding of the unknown forms the main impetus. In simpler terms, the meaning of research can be expressed as ‘a process of searching again’. Therefore, the main goal of research is to find out the truth which is concealed and which has not been discovered yet. There is no hope of doing perfect research (griffiths, 1998, p97). Do you agree? Yes, I agree with this observation that “there is no hope of doing perfect research”. The Advanced Learners’ dictionary of current English describes the meaning of research as ‘a careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge.’ Some people view research as a movement, a movement from the known to the unknown. It is actually a continuous voyage of discovery where the inquisitiveness of man to probe and attain full and fuller understanding of the unknown forms the main impetus. In simpler terms, the meaning of research can be expressed as ‘a process of searching again’. Therefore, the main goal of research is to find out the truth which is concealed and which has not been discovered yet. So it is clear that if research were perfect, then there will not be any further search on that topic and so called perfect research would be an act of closing the doors to any fresh study in that area and...
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...Omega 40 (2012) 104–119 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Omega journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/omega Strategic performance measurement in a healthcare organisation: A multiple criteria approach based on balanced scorecard E. Grigoroudis n, E. Orfanoudaki, C. Zopounidis Technical University of Crete, Department of Production Engineering and Management University Campus, Kounoupidiana, 73100 Chania, Greece a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 5 July 2010 Accepted 11 April 2011 Processed by Triantaphyllou Available online 20 April 2011 Keywords: Health service Multicriteria analysis Case study Performance measurement Balanced scorecard Business strategy a b s t r a c t The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) methodology focuses on major critical issues of modern business organisations: the effective measurement of corporate performance and the evaluation of the successful implementation of corporate strategy. Despite the increased adoption of the BSC methodology by numerous business organisations during the last decade, limited case studies concern non-profit organisations (e.g. public sector, educational institutions, healthcare organisations, etc.). The main aim of this study is to present the development of a performance measurement system for public health care organisations, in the context of BSC methodology. The proposed approach considers the distinguished characteristics of the aforementioned sector (e.g. lack of competition, social character...
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...health risks to individuals who consume this meat? In today's food industry it is crucial to be a keen consumer and have knowledge of where you food comes from and what it actually contains. The regulations and standards put into effect by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in regards to cattle production and what is deemed to be safe have created an up heave of controversy. Consumers and researchers constantly pose the question of what should be considered safe and who should not. They often argue that when it comes to human health no risks should be taken and risk assessment should not be considered. The following essay discusses the controversy of beef cattle production regulation and standards. The essay will analyze various studies conducted that state a possible link between cancer and growth hormone used in beef, and it will outline all view points of the European ban of American and Canadian beef. The issues and controversy surrounding feedlot given to beef cattle will be analyzed and consumer concerns as well as regulations surrounding labeling of beef in America, Canada and Europe will be discussed. ARGUMENT The use of growth hormones has become widely prominent in the beef production industry. Estradiol benzoate and progesterone, which are types of growth hormone, were first approved in 1956 by the FDA (Doyal, 2000). At the moment five hormones are approved by the FDA for use in cattle production (progesterone, testosterone, estradiol-17β, zeranol, and...
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...immediately a fish is caught it loses its natural resistance to attack by microorganism and also start to undergo both physical and chemical changes that in return bring changes in appearance, taste, smell and texture. During fish spoilage there is a breakdown of various components and formation of new compounds. This new compounds are responsible for changes in odour, flavour and texture of the fish. Fish lipids contain omega − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), especially Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These fatty acids play a vital role in human nutrition, disease prevention, and health promotion. Long chain omega − 3 PUFAs cannot be synthesized by humans and must be obtained through the diet. Scientific data indicate that the consumption of fish oil containing omega − 3 PUFAs reduces the risk of coronary heart disease, decreases mild hypertension, prevents certain cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death, lowers the incidence of diabetes, and appears to alleviate symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Besides, it appears that omega − 3...
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...Content A fraternity (Latin frater : "brother") is a brotherhood, although the term sometimes connotes a distinct or formal organization and sometimes a secret society. A fraternity (or fraternal organization) is an organized society of men associated together in an environment of companionship and brotherhood; dedicated to the intellectual, physical, and social development of its members. History There are known fraternal organizations which existed as far back as ancient Greece and in the Mithraic Mysteries of ancient Rome. Analogous institutions developed in the late medieval period called confraternities, which were lay organizations allied to the Catholic Church. Some were groups of men and women who were endeavoring to ally themselves more closely with the prayer and activity of the Church; Others were groups of tradesmen, which are more commonly referred to as guilds. These later confraternities evolved into purely secular fraternal societies, while the ones with religious goals continue to be the format of the modern Third Orders affiliated with the mendicant orders. The development of modern fraternal orders was especially dynamic in the United States, where the freedom to associate outside governmental regulation is expressly sanctioned in law. There have been hundreds of fraternal organizations in the United States, and at the beginning of the 20th century the number of memberships equaled the number of adult males. (Due to multiple memberships, probably only 50%...
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...Trainers. This Guide is designed to be used in conjunction with the Level 1 Course to develop the participant’s knowledge and trainer skills, as well as prepare him or her for the Level 1 test. This is an essential but not an exhaustive resource. Some of the knowledge required to pass the test comes from these articles; the other material comes directly from the two-day course. Some edits to the original articles have been made for the Training Guide to flow as a stand-alone reference, provide context for readers, as well stay current with the course format. All original works are preserved in the CrossFit Journal and hotlinks (noted by their blue color) are provided throughout. Copyright © CrossFit, Inc. All Rights Reserved. CrossFit is a registered trademark ‰ of CrossFit, Inc. V2.2-20150514R4.KW V2.3_ 20150525.KW Table of Contents Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Medicine-Ball Cleans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Understanding CrossFit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Glute-Ham Developer Sit-Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Foundations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Nine Foundational Movements Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 What is Fitness? (Part 1) . . . . . ...
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...CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS 1 Current Diagnosis and Treatment of Atherosclerosis Basher I. Emtebakh Wright State University Laboratory Research 2, Spring 2013 CURRENT DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS 2 Abstract Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory process that affects the arterial wall. People of different ages are susceptible to developing the disease. It is considered the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Epithelial injury caused by different risk factors is the initial process of the disease. Nitric oxide liberation, lipid retention, and inflammatory cell proliferation are of significance in the disease pathogenesis. The goal of this review is to better understand the disease process and the role of the atherogenic biomarkers that develop in the affected site during the disease progression. Determining the risk of atherogenic plaque development vulnerability is the main obstacle that faces scientists, followed by making proper diagnosis and choosing treatment. Different imaging techniques, especially the non invasive ones, provide highly useful images to characterize the plaque development. These techniques also contributed to cure many patients at risk of plaque rupture. Prevention and treatment of the disease depend mainly on the proper education of patients and people at risk of developing the disease, and that is done by changing their life style to minimize the risk factors that increase their...
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...one looks into the underlying problem into each neurological, psychological or neurodevelopmental diseases, anxiety and depression seem to prevail over all. If anxiety and depression are not handled accordingly from the beginning of time, it may manifest into something more; this is something that we should look further into avoiding. Depression The chosen disease for this report is depression. Depression can be categorized as a psychological disease as well as a neurological, or neurodevelopmental problem. It comes in many forms and in different magnitudes. This means that depression can be short-term or it may may not be curable. In some cases, depression can follow other diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, high blood pressure, chronic lung disease, arthritis, stroke, cancer and many more. (WebMD, 2014). For a majority of cases, depression is accompanied with anxiety. There are many different forms of treatments available but the three major treatments are: cognitive treatments, pharmacological treatments, and alternative therapy treatments. Cognitive Therapy With cognitive therapy, most of the attention is given to a person’s thoughts. As human beings, we are always surrounded by multiple thoughts at any given time and thoughts are affected by one’s mood. For instance, when someone is in a bad mood, certain thoughts are going to be negative in nature. But through the help of cognitive therapy, those negative thoughts can be defused by having the patient think of good...
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...Managing Operations Introduction The report will start with definition of operations management concept. This will be followed by identifying some of the global factors affecting operations management in organisations and the impact such factors have on operations management in organisations and to assess how operations management can contribute to sustainable business activities . The second part of the report will describe how project management techniques contribute to the development of operations management and how project management techniques can be used to improvements the management of business operation in a multinational organisation. The effectiveness of business operations to organisational goal of Shell Petroleum will be discussed As operation management entails risk, the risk management techniques that can be applied to the management of a business operations (Shell Petroleum) and how to evaluate the risk to business operations in global markets will be discussed. How risk to Shell Petroleum operations be minimised for a business functioning in a global market will be discussed The technological infrastructure that supports operations management of Shell Petroleum will be identified and the contribution of information technology to it operations management will be analysed. The benefits to operational management of implementing technical solutions will also be analysed . The contribution of information technology to operations management of...
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...Alternative Cancer Therapies Table of Contents 714-X ABM Mushroom AHCC Aloe Vera Anticoagulants Antineoplastons Antioxidants Anvirzel Artemisinin Asparagus Berries Boluses Bovine Cartilage Cancell Cansema Carnivora Alternative Cancer Therapies Page 1 Updated 05/17/11 Bookmark this page...as we learn of more therapies throug Please report any broken links by contacting info@mnwelldir.org Perhaps we should call these "unproven therapies" since many of them are on the American Cancer Society's infamous black list. Simply because something is "unproven" does not mean that it has been "disproven." And if a therapy fits the following— 1. It works. Castor Oil Packs Cayenne Pepper Chaparral Chinese Bitter Melon Chiropractic Clodronate Coley's Toxins Contortrostatin C-Statin D-limonene DMSO Electrolyzed Water Ellagic Acid Enzyme Therapy Escharotics Essential Oils 2. It's inexpensive. 3. Few, if any, negative side effects. 4. It's not patentable. —odds are it will stay on the black list because no one is going to spend a dime to prove its effectiveness. Medicine is a business. Cancer is a business. The FDA is running a protection racket, protecting drug companies and the AMA from anyone with an inexpensive and effective treatment for money making diseases. The following therapies are not guaranteed to work, at least by us. They are presented to you for information purposes only. For many, their effectiveness has been shown in limited clinical trials, but each one, by itself, is not...
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...Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model September 14, 2011 Nursing Philosophy and Comparison Paper A Comparison of Personal Philosophy and Sr. Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model A personal philosophy is what one values for themselves as human beings. It reflects the many faceted realities of their self-concept and is influenced by: culture, spirituality, morals, values, and belief concepts. The relevance of one’s personal philosophy to nursing is significant. One’s philosophy directly affects the interpersonal relationship and care given to patients. For the purpose of this paper, the author will reflect and incorporate her nursing philosophy with the four nursing metaparadigms: person, environment, health and nursing, with the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) and compare similarities’ and differences. Personal Philosophy The author’s personal philosophy is seeded in spirituality and seeing the world as interconnected with a divine source where all things are possible. She attempts to integrate the core concepts of her philosophy: intuition, altruism, holism, empathy, knowledge, compassion and advocacy into the nursing process. The author will define and demonstrate her nursing philosophy as applied to the metaparadigms. The person is viewed as a unique individual and energetic being (spirit) within a physical and integrated body system connected to a higher supreme source; environment:...
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...initial focus is on defining risk in financial terms and understanding how that concept fits into portfolio theory. As we gain a more sophisticated understanding of risk, we're able to focus on the concept of beta and how to apply it through the SML. PEDAGOGY The study of Risk and Return presents the biggest pedagogical challenge in basic finance. Therefore motivating the study and developing ideas patiently is especially important. Students are easily confused early in the discussion by the transition from the everyday notion of risk to its financial representation as variation in return. We therefore take pains to present these ideas carefully through an intuitive illustration. Risk and Return is also the area in which textbook treatments using mathematical statistics get students who aren't good at math into the most trouble. The approach used here presents statistical concepts graphically and in words to overcome this pedagogical roadblock. It's worth noting that while we minimize the statistics used in the theoretical development of the CAPM, we don't skimp on the algebraic math required to apply the SML. TEACHING OBJECTIVES Instruction should begin motivating the study of risk and return by explaining that higher long-term returns are available on equity than on debt but that there's an associated risk. Point out that the objective of investing is to take advantage of the high returns of equity while avoiding as much risk as possible...
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...gift is tax deductible to the extent allowed by law. • Donate to the UA Acts of Kindness Fund • How to Apply for Assistance The UA Acts of Kindness Fund will be used to provide financial assistance to employees and students who qualify under the guidelines of this emergency-assistance program. Emergencies usually are related to loss and damage caused by fire, tornado or other natural disaster or a medical emergency that causes leave without pay. The program may be used to help employees and students pay grocery bills, rent or mortgage payments, electric, gas and medical bills. Decisions regarding the distribution of funds will be made by a committee of UA employees who are appointed by the President. All employee and student cases will be presented anonymously to...
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